their paflage with some lofs, notwithstanding a very strong pafs that the enemy were poffeffed of, and took poffeffion of a battery of three twenty-four pounders, which would, the next day, have played on our camp. Governor Deforifay, whom I had left at Fort Royal in Baffe Terre, having been killed by the blowing up of fome cartridges that took fire from the wadding of a twentyfour-pounder, that was difcharged from the upper baftion of Fort Royal, at a body of the enemy, on the 23d of March, I appointed Major Melvill, who commanded the detachment of the 38th regiment from the Leeward islands, to be Governor in his room. Major Trollope, a Lieutenant of the 63d regiment, and two private men, were likewise killed by this accident; and a Captain, another Lieutenant, and three men wounded: And the parapet of that baftion levelled with the ground by the explosion. At the fame time that I was acquainted with this accident, I was told, that the enemy had erected a bomb battery, and thrown feveral fhells into the fort; and that they had, for fome time paft, been working, as the garrison fufpected, upon another battery; I therefore ordered Governor Melvill to cause a fortie to be made from the garrifon, in order to destroy it. Accordingly a detachment of 300 men fallied out under the command of Capt. Blomer, on the rft of April, and without much difficulty forced the enemy's intrenchments and got into the work; which proved to be a battery of one eighteen pounder, and one twelve, nearly compleated. Our people spiked the guns, and returned to the garrifon, with the lofs of only fix men killed and fix wounded. As I thought the fort, by this accident, might want the affiftance of the Chief Engineer, I fent him thither immediately, as well as the Commanding-officer of the artillery, that no time might be loft in putting it again into a proper ftate of defence. The remaining part of the tranfports, with the troops, being now arrived; nine having come on the 23d of March, and the others by one or two in a day; as I had long intended, fo foon as it was in my power, to make an attack on the Guardaloupe fide, as the enemy had there fome pofts of infinite confequence, I formed (upon the informa. tion of fome Negroes, who promised to conduct the troops in flat-bottomed boats by night) a defign of furprifing Petit Bourg, Guoyave, and St. Marie's at the fame time. The firft was to be effected by Brigadier Crump, who, the moment he had made himself mafter of it, was to march to Bay Mahaut, and destroy the batteries there, as well as a large magazine of provifions that 3 the enemy had collected from the Dutch, and to hinder any more arriving: The latter, under Brigadier Clavering, after he had furprifed St. Marie's and Guoyave, was to march into the Capes Terre, and reduce that fine country. The fuccefs of this appeared not only to me, but to the Gentlemen who were to execute it, almoft infallible; but the night proved fo bad, and the Negroe conductors were fo frightened, that they run feveral of the boats on the fhoals, of which that coaft is full; fo that, though Brigadier Clavering did land, with about eighty men, yet the place was fo full of mangroves, and fo deep in mud, that he was obliged to return, but not without the enemy's difcovering our defign. This obliged me to attempt by force what could not be effected upon the fater plan: But, as I was then laid up in a moit fevere fit of the gout, in my feet, head, and ftomach, I fent Brigadiers Clavering and Crump to reconnoitre the coast near Ãrnoville; and upon their report I ordered 1300 regulars, and r50 of the Antigua volunteers, to land, under the protection of the Woolwich man of war: What happened afterwards you will fee by the following letter, which I received at Petit Bourg, from Brigadier Clavering, on the 25th of April. At M. Poyens, Capes Terre, Guardaloupe, April 24, 1759. SIR, ON Thursday the 12th of April, at daybreak, I landed with the troops which you pu under my orders, confifting of thirteen hundred men, exclufive of the Antigua volunteers, at a bay not far diftant from Arnoville. The enemy made no oppofition to our landing, but retired, as our troops advanced, to very strong intrenchments behind the river Le Corn. This poft was to them of the greatest importance, as it covered the whole country to the Bay Mahaut, where their provifions and fupplies of all forts were landed from St. Euftatia, and therefore they had very early taken poffeffion of it, and had spared no pains to ftrengthen it, though the fituation was fuch as required very little affiftance from art. The river was only acceffible at two narrow paffes, on account of a morafs covered with mangroves, and thofe places they had occupied with a redoubt and well palifadoed intrenchments, defended with cannon and all the militia of that part of the country. We could only approach them in a very contracted front, which was at laft reduced to the breadth of the roads, interfected with deep and wide ditches. Our artillery, which confifted of four field pieces and two ho witzers, witzers, were ordered to keep a conftant fire on the top of the intrenchments, to cover the attack made by Duroure's regiment and the Highlanders, who, on this occafion, behaved with the greatest coolness and refolution, keeping up, as they advanced, a regular platoon firing. This behaviour fo intimidated the enemy, that they abandoned the firft intrenchment on the left, into which the Highlanders threw themfelves, fword in hand, and purfued the enemy, with part of Duroure's regiment, into the redoubt. The enemy ftill kept their ground at their intrenchments on the right, from whence they annoyed our people very much, both with mufquetry and cannon; and though those who had carried the firft intrenchments had got into their rear, yet, till a bridge could be made to pafs the river, they could not get round to attack this poft. This took us up near half an hour; but however we got up time enough to take near feventy of the enemy prifoners, as they were endeavouring to make their efcape, amongst whom were fome of the most confiderable inhabitants of the island.' We found in both the intrenchments fix pieces of cannon. Our lofs was 1 Officer and 13 men killed, and 2 Officers and 52 men wounded. So foon as the ditches could be filled up for the paffage of the artillery, we proceeded on our march towards Petit Bourg. A confiderable number of the enemy had lined an intrenchment about half a mile on the left of the road; but, when they perceived we were endeavouring to furround them, they abandoned it, keeping always about two hundred yards in our front, fetting fire to the fugar-canes, which obliged us more than once to leave the road, to avoid any accident to our powder. The troops arrived late on the banks of the river Lezard, behind which, at the only ford, the enemy had thrown up very itrong intrenchments, protected with four pieces of cannon, on the hill behind them. Having reconnoitred the fide of the river, and finding it might coft us very dear to force the paffage at the ford, I therefore kept up their attention all the night by firing into their lines, during which time I got two canoes conveyed about a mile and a half down the river, where, being launched, we ferried over, before break of day in the morning, a fufficient number of men to attack them in flank, whilft we fhould do the fame in front. The enemy foon perceived their danger, and left their intrenchments with the greateft precipitation. Thus we paffed without the lofs of a man, ftill pursuing them to Petit Bourg, which place they had fortified with lines, and a redoubt filled with cannon. We found Captain Uvedale there, in the Granada bomb, throwing fhells into the fort: The enemy did not remain in it long, when they faw our intention of occupying the heights round them, but left us masters of that, and the port, with all the cannon round the place. We halted here the 14th, to get provifions for the troops. On the 15th, at day-break, Brigadier Crump was detached with 700 men to the Bay Mahaut, and at the fame time Captain Stiel with 100 to Guoyave, about leven miles in our front, to destroy a battery there: The panic of the enemy was fuch, that they only difcharged their cannon at him, and abandoned a poft that might have been defended against an army. He nailed up feven pieces of cannon, and returned the fame evening to Petit Bourg: Brigadier Crump returned likewife the next day, with his detachment from the Bay Mahaut, where he found the town and batteries abandoned. These he burnt, with an immenfe quantity of provifions that had been landed there by the Dutch, and reduced the whole country, as far as Petit Bourg.. The heavy rains on the fucceeding days had fo fwelled the rivers, that it was impoffible for the troops to advance; however this delay gave us an opportunity of strengthening the poft at Petit Bourg. On the 18th in the evening the Antigua volunteers took poffeffion again of Guoyave: They were fupported early the next morning by a detachment commanded by Lieutenantcolonel Barlow, who had orders to repair the road for the paffage of the cannon. On the 20th, after leaving 250 men to guard Petit Bourg, the remaining part of the detachment, with the cannon, moved on to Guoyave, in order to proceed afterwards to St. Marie's, where we were informed the enemy were collecting their whole force to oppose us, and had likewise thrown up intrenchments, and made barricadoes on the road, to prevent our approach to it. We were not long before we perceived them; but at the fame time we found, as well by our own obfervation as by the information of the guides, that it was not impoffible to get into their rear, by roads the enemy thought impracticable, and confequently had guarded with very little care. A detachment was immediately formed, under Colonel Barlow, for this fervice, and orders were fent to hasten the march of the artillery, which, from the badness of the roads, had not not been able to get up. The Extract of a letter from the Honourable General Barrington to the Right Honourable Mr. Secretary Pitt, dated, The first hot from our cannon, placed very near their intrenchment, with the alarm that was given by our detachment in the rear, made the enemy very foon fenfible of the dangerous fituation they were in; and indeed their precipitate flight only faved them from being all taken prifoners. We purfued them as far as the heights of St. Marie's, where we again formed our men for a fresh attack on the lines and batteries there. Whilst the barricadoes were levelling for the artillery, we attempted a fecond time to pass the woods and precipices that covered the flanks of the enemy's lines but, before we could get up our cannon, they perceived this movement, and began to quit their lines to oppofe it; which made us refolve, without any further delay, to attack them immediately in front; and it was accordingly executed with the greateft vivacity, notwithstanding the conftant firing both of their cannon and mufquetry., They abandoned here all their artillery, and, went off in fo much confufion, that they never afterwards appeared before us. We took up our quarters at St. Marie's that night, and the next day entered the Capes Terre, which is the richest and most beautiful part of this or any other country in the Weft-Indies. Eight hundred and feventy Negroes, belonging to one man only, furrende ed this day. Here Meffieurs de Clainvilliers and Duqueruy, deputed by the principal inhabitants of the ifland, met me to know the terms you would grant them; and, as I accom.. panied them to Petit Bourg the next day, and there prefented them to you, it is not neceffary for me to mention any tranfaction fince that time. I cannot however conclude, without doing justice to thofe, to whofe merit is due the fuccefs that has attended the King's arms on this occafion; I mean the fpirit and conftancy of the troops; to Brigadier Crump, without whofe concurrence I never undertook any thing; but chiefly to yourfelf, Sir, who planned the whole enterprife, and who furnished me with all these means, without which, either bravery or prudence can little avail. Head quarters, in the Capes Terre, Guardaloupe, May 9, 1759.' I HAVE the fatisfaction to inform you, that, by great perfeverance, and changing intirely the nature of the war, by carrying it on by detachments, I have at length made myself master of Guardaloupe and Grand Terre. This is a work, Sir, that, I believe the most fanguine (confidering our total feparation from the fleet) could not expect to have been performed by fo fmall a body of men. I shall not in this trouble you with the detail, as I have done my felf the honour of fending it to you in my other letter. I fhall only fay in general, that the great good conduct and zeal of Brigadiers Clavering and Crump, and the bravery of the troops, got the better of every obftacle; forced the enemy in all their intrenchments and strong paffes; took fifty pieces of cannon, and advanced as far as the Capes Terre, the only remaining unreduced part of the country: This at laft brought the enemy to terms. My fituation was fuch, that it was abfolutely neceffary that what was done fhould not be procrastinated, as I was determined to grant no truce for time enough for the inhabitants to recover from their fears. Mr. Moore was abfent; the thing preffed; and fome refolution was to be taken imme→ diately: That which I took was according to the best of my understanding, and I hope, Sir, you will approve of it. I believe, Sir, the infinite confequence and value of Guardaloupe and Grand Terre is not perfely known in England, as (if I am rightly informed) there is more fugar grown here than in all the Leeward iflands put together; befides great quantities of cotton and coffee. The country especially, the Capes Terre, is the fineft I ever faw, watered with good rivers every mile or two; and a port belonging to it, where all the navy of England may ride fafe from hurricanes. All this can be explained, much better than I can by letter, by Erigadier Clavering, whose infinite zeal for his MaI have the honour to be, &c. jefty's fervice, and talents as a foldier, I J. CLAVERING. hope will recommend him to protection. The above is a journal of every thing Such men are rare; and, I think, I may that has paffed in the military way fince the venture to affure you, there are few things letter I had the honour to write to you, Sir, in our profeffion that he is not equal to, if on the 6th of March. What has hap- it should be thought fit to honour him with pened fince, in regard to the capitulation, the execution of any future commands. I beg leave to refer you to my other letter. I have appointed Colonel Crump to the of this date. I have the honour to be, &c. government, who, Ance Governor Haldane, J. BARRINGTON. left us, I have made act as a Brigadier: Rr His His merit is very great, both as a foldier and a man of judgment: He is of this part of the world, understands the trade, cuftoms, and genius of the people; and, as he thinks nobly and difintereftedly, he would not have accepted of the government, but in hopes of advancing himself in the army by that means I cannot fay how very useful, and how much our fucceffes are owing to his good conduct and great zeal. As I have now nothing to fear from the land, I am repairing, as well as I can, Fort Louis, and fortifying the Ile of Cochon, for the greater fecurity of the harbour. The poor people here are in a miferable condition, but I fhall do every thing in my power to procure them the things they want. I have the honour to fend inclofed the capituration of the Governor, as well as that of the inhabitants. The latter have behaved, in all their dealings, with great candour; and it is a juftice I owe them to acquaint you with it. you It has not as yet been poffible for me to go round the islands, to fee the different potts that must be occupied; I therefore cannot yet determine the exact number of troops that will be neceffary to be left for their de fence. The great affiftance I have received from Captain Lynn, of his Majefty's fhip the Roebuck, in the different fervices I have been carrying on for the reduction of these iflands, ought not to be forgot by me, as well as his Firft Lieutenant, Mr. Keating; both whom I beg leave to recommend to your favour. I find it is impoffible (from the different parts of the iflands where they are to be received) for me to procure a return of the artillery and ftores, (which have been delivered up in confequence of the capitulations) to fend by this opportunity; but I hope to be able to have the honour of fending it very foon. I cannot help congratulating my felf, that I had juft figned the capitulation with the inhabitants of the Grand Terre, when a meffenger arrived in their camp to acquaint them, that M. Beauharnois, the General of thefe iflands, had landed at St. Anne's, on the windward part of that ifland, with a reinforcement from Martinico, of 600 regulars, 2000 buccaneers, and 2000 ftands of fpare arms for the inhabitants, with artillery and mortars, under the convoy of M. Bompart's fquadron. This fupport, had it arrived there an hour fooner, muft have made the conqueft of that ifland very difficult, if not impoffible. As foon as he heard the capitulation was figged, he reimbarked again. ARTICLES of Capitulation between their Excellencies the Honourable Majorgeneral Barrington and John Moore, Efq; Commanders in Chief of his Britannic Majefty's Land and Sea Forces in thefe Seas, and M. Nadau Dutreil, Governor for his Moft Chriftian Majefty of Guardaloupe, Grand Terre, Defeada, and the Saintes f ARTICLE I. We, the Governor, Staff, and other Officers of the regular troops, fhall march out of our pofts, with one mortar, two field-pieces of brafs cannon, with ten rounds for each piece, arms, baggage, and the honours of war. Granted, ex6 cept the mortar; and, as to the cannon, we will allow only four rounds for each piece; and on condition that the troops of his Britannic Majefty fhall take poffeffion of the different pofts at the Three Rivers and the hofpital to-morrow morn• ing, the 2d of May, at eight o'clock; and that all magazines of provisions, ammunition, and implements of war, as well as all papers relating to the revenue, be delivered into the poffeffion of a Commisfary, to be named by us for that pur• pofe." ART. II. That we fhall be fent to Mar tinico, in a good veffel, well provided, and by the fhorteft paffage.-' Granted.' ART. III. That the Commiffary-general, Officers of Juftice, Admiralty, and all fuch as have the King's commiflion, shall likewife be fent to Martinico in a good veffel, well provided, and by the shortest paffage -Granted only for the Commiffary general and the Officers of the Admiralty, and refused to the others.' ART. IV. That the Staff and other Offi. cers fhall have leave to take with them their wives and children to Martinico; and shall have a good veffel, well provided, to carry them by the fhortest passage.—' Granted.' ART. V. That the Staff and other Officers fhall have the fame number of fervants granted them, as were allowed by the most Chriftian King, viz. to the Governor twenty-four; to the Commiffary-general twenty four; to the Lieutenant-governor eighteen; to the Fort Major fifteen; to the Captains, twelve each; to the Lieutenants, eight each; and, to the Enfigns, fix each. -Granted." ART. VI. That it fhall be allowed to all' the Officers who have eftates in this colony (except to me the Governor, unless the King permits me alfo) to appoint attornies to act for them until the peace; and, if the ifland is not then ceded, the abovementioned Officers fhall have leave to fell ART. VIII. That M. de Folleville, Lieutenant-governor of Martinico, fhall have a good veffel to carry him and his volunteers thither, by the fhortelt paffage, with only fuch arms, baggage, and fervants, as they brought with them.. Granted." ART. IX. That the Sieur Avril, of Dominico, and his detachment, fhall be fent thither, with their arms and baggage. - Granted.' ART. X. That the prisoners, foldiers and failors, fhall be mutually exchanged. Granted.' ART. XI. That all the Negroes who were inlifted, and continued till the laft day of the attack, in the companies of Bologne, Petit, Dumoliere, and Ruby, agreeable to the lift that will be given in of them, fhall have their freedom at the expence of the, colony, as by agreement.-' Granted, upon 'condition that they are immediately fent off the island.' ART. XII. That the men belonging to the privateers, who define to go to Martinico, fhall have a veffel to carry them thither. Granted.' ART. XIII. That there fhall be a reafonable time allowed for removing the furLiture, effects, and cloaths, that are in the redoubt, or other places, belonging to the perfons who are to be fent to Martinico; and that his Excellency General Barrington fhall grant his protection for the fafe conveyance of the abovementioned effects to the place of embarkation. Granted.' ART. XIV, That there fhall be an hof. pital-ship provided for the wounded and fick that are in a condition to be removed; and that the reft fhall be taken care of, and fent with a flag of truce to Martinico, as foon as they are recovered. Granted: Thofe that remain here all Ee taken care of, at the expence of his Moft Chriftian • Majefty,' ART. XV. That all fubjects, formerly belonging to the King of Great Britain, who for crimes were forced to fly their country, and have carried arms in this island, fall be pardoned, and allowed to remain in ART. XVI. That the fame honours and conditions fhall be granted to the King's troops in the Grand Terre, as are given to thofe in Guardaloupe.- They fhall have • neither mortar nor cannon." ART. XVII. That the troops at the head of the redoubt, as well as thofe at the Three Rivers, fhall march to the poft of the camp of la Garde, and to remain there until the day of their emearkation. The 'transport-ships fhall be at the Great Bay to morrow morning to receive the troops of the garrison, the privateers men, and thofe who are to pass to Martinico.” J. Barrington. I Nadau Dutrefl. John Moore. i ARTICLES of Capitulation between their Excellencies the Honourable Majorgeneral Barrington and John Moore, Efq; Commander in Chief of his Bri tannic Majefty's Land and Sea Forces in thefe Seas; and the Inhabitants of the Ifland of Guardaloupe, reprefented by Meffieurs Debourg De Clainvil liers and Duqueruy, by Virtue of full Powers to them given for that Purpofe, and authorised by Monfieur Nadau Dutreil, Knight of the Royal and Military Order of St. Louis, Governor of this Inland.. ARTICLE I. The inhabitants fhall march out of their pofts with all the honours of war, viz. with two field-pieces, their arms, colours flying, drums beating, and lighted match. Granted, in confideration of the brave defence which the inhabitants have made during an attack of three months, upon condition that they lay down their arms fo foon as they have marched by our troops; and that all the forts, pofts, batteries, cannon, mortars, firelocks, and bayonets, with all kind of ammunition • and implements of war, be delivered to a Commiffary to be named by us; and that we shall have a power of fixing garrifons in all fuch places as we fhall think proper." ART. II. The inhabitants of the islands of Martinico, Marigalante, and Dominico, who came to the affiftance of this ifland, fhall have leave to retire with their arms and baggage; and a fhip fhall be provided to carry them, and the fervants they brought with them, to their respective iflands, with provifions for their paffage. Granted, excepting thofe from Marigalante, who shall be fert to Martinico. 5 ART. III. The inhabitants fhall be al Rr 2 lowed |