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Edward Haygarth Maling, Esq. (by his first wife Joanna Mary, dau. of the late Robert Allan, Esq., of Newbottle, co. Durham), has issue, Allan Edward Lambton Gray, Joanna Mabel Gray, and Tom Blakiston Maling Gray; Harriett Gray, mar. Peter Roland Los, a Dutch merchant, issue three sons and four daughters; David Gray, married, and died leaving issue four sons and three daughters; James Cass Gray, mar. Sophia Louisa Gordon, dau. of the late William Hay Gordon, of Ford Hall, near Sunderland, issue two sons; Isabella Scott Gray, mar. William Anderson, Major 32nd Light Infantry, died leaving issue son and two daughters; and Eleanor Tempest Gray, mar. Francis S. B. François de Chaumont, M.D., Professor of Hygiène, Army Medical School, Royal Victoria Hospital, Netley, and has issue six daughters. Lieut.-Col. G. A. Renny (not Renney), son of Harriet Tempest Blakiston by her first husband Alexander Renny, Esq., mar. Flora Hastings, dau. of the late Dr. MacWhirter, Bengal Establishment, and has issue:-George Blakiston Renny, Lieutenant 63rd Regiment; Flora Hastings Renny; Alexander MacWhirter Renny, Lieutenant Royal Artillery; Juliana Alice Renny; Eleanor Renny; and Sydney Renny.

One of my correspondents is anxious to connect William Blakiston, of York, attorney, whose daughter married Mr. Machon (vide Surtees' ham, vol. i.), with the Blakiston family of Blakiston in the parish of Norton, county of Durham. SAMUEL F. LONGSTAFFE.

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In the sense of an impostor of the Autolycus class it figures in Carlyle's tract, Shooting Niagara, and on the whole it must be allowed to be indispensable to our present needs, and yet one still suspects that the allowance is but for a time. But, meanwhile, whence and how did it come to us? Unfortunately, in our present state of ignorance our sole resource is conjecture, with his many heads. Hitherto I count six attempts to trace it. (1) Hamburgh news, for false intelligence sent us from Hamburgh in time of war. Unaccountably, the late Mr. Thomas Watts, whose death we still deplore, entertained this solution; otherwise, seeing that it rests on no historical evidence, and that the name of the city was always pronounced by Englishmen Hamborough, I should not deem it worth mentioning here. (2) Ambage, for Ambages: simply ludicrous. (3) Hume o' the Boque, a real Scotch personage, said to have teemed with incredible stories. (4) Uimbog, Erse for soft copper, said to have been the nickname of the copper money which was issued by the Dublin Mint shortly before the battle of the Boyne. (5) Monsieur Humbog, a puffing dancing master, who in January, 1777, was living at No. 9, Capel Street, Dublin. (6) In Dean Miller's MS. (cited by Mr. Halliwell in his Dictionary of Archaic and Provincial Words and Phrases, sub voce Humbug") the word is exDur-plained to mean, "A talebearer, a bugbear." This last may or may not have been intended as the shadow of an etymology; be that as it may, such an etymology as hum (nonsense) and bug (elf or goblin) is à priori much more probable than any of the other five conjectures. According to this "HUMBUG" (5th S. v. 83, 332, 416; vi. 16, 38.) etymology, humbug would mean a pretended spirit -I trust I may be allowed to reopen this contro- or bogie, i.e., something made up to impose on or versy, in the course of which, at the second refe- frighten people. Bug was used for a scare-child, rence, I cited a work of Nash's without quoting as in Richard Hyrde's translation of L. Lavater's the passage I had in mind, and made another as- treatise De Spectris et lumuribus, "bugges that be sertion without any attempt at verification. I now fitter to scare children than to fright men" (I propose to supply these deficiencies, and to make quote from memory); and it is remarkable that good my position that humbug is merely an inten-humdrum was used by Nash exactly in the sense sitive form of hum, as was humdrum, the word of our humbug:-" Whereof generous Dick (withwhich three hundred years ago did duty for the out hum drum be it spoken) I utterly despaire of same thing. A slang word is originally so offensive, them," &c. (Have with You to Saffron Walden, coming reeking from the forge of some more or bk. 3). Hum as a prefix seems to have indicated less disreputable clique, that no decent, well- the spuriousness of the thing, so that hum-bug educated person will take it in mouth, save to means not a real but a spurious or imitated bug brand it as odious and base, as De Quincey does or bogie. Further research will, I doubt not, supthe phrase (which he mischievously imputes to port this conjecture, in which case we may see in America), "teetatotiously exfluncticated." Accord-humbug the last step of a process of subtraction ingly, no one suspects that it will ever be received and addition. (1) Hum, a noise, like that of a in decent society, still less take rank as a verna- hollow top, a bee, a snail on a pane of glass, or cular word. It thus happens that its origin and wind through a cranny; (2) Humdrum, the noise history are unrecorded, and only when the word is of a drum, and therefore of anything that is hollow, found an indispensable part of our vocabulary do thence the noisy hollow thing itself; (3) Hum, in we become solicitous as to its source and descent. the third sense of the last; (4) Humbug, the Such a word is humbug, not long since a pariah, syllable bug, in the sense of false-goblin, being abiding amongst us on sufferance, but now intro- added as an intensitive. duced into the best company by the best writers.

Norton, Stockton-on-Tees.

Athenæum Club.

JABEZ.

"Or" (5th S. v. 513; vi. 116, 197, 237, 339.)— This certainly seems a corrupt spelling of the Gaelic ua, grandson, ui plural, uibh dative; but John O'Donovan, in his notes on O'Heerin's poem, says that Adamnan, Abbot of Hy, in the seventh century, "renders the three forms by nepos, nepotes, nepotibus, descendants." Mr. Joyce, in the first series of his valuable little work on Irish Names of Places, p. 114, says:—

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their stroke. This had nothing to do with fathers or grandfathers. E. LEATON BLENKINSOPP.

"MURRAIN" (5th S. vi. 348, 474, 497.)-In the Edinburgh Medical Journal for February, 1863, at p. 706, will be found the following remarks :— "The word murrain is of doubtful origin, and still more doubtful significance; perhaps its earliest appearance is in 1389 (anno xi. regni Ricardi II.) in its Latinized form, Murrena damarum ferarum' (H. de Knyghton de Event. Angl. Ser. Hist. Angl., p. 2693); and in the Twysden Glossarium we have this explanation given :- Murrena: lues, tabifica lues, vulgo murraine ; observavit. Hæsinger (Recherches de Pathologie Coma græco papaivw, i.e. tabefacio, ut Casaubonus jam parée) prefers to derive it from the Sanscrit root mr, whence the Latin mori and the Celtic muire, &c.; while considering the multiplicity of the significations attached to the word, a good deal might be said in favour of its derivation from the good old word murr, meaning coryza, and obviously derived from pvpw, to drop, to distil. To myself the latter derivation, which is original, or that of Twysden, appears to be much the most likely, while Hæsinger's is obviously far-fetched, and apparently based upon the Septuagint version of the word murrain, in Exodus ix. 3, which is Gavarog in the version of script quoted by him in loco reads Aouoc, one of the Lambertus Bos (Franequaræ, 1709). The Oxford manuwords employed by Thucydides in his History of the Athenian Plaque (ii. 54); while the original Hebrew (of Michaelis, Hala, Magdeburgica, 1720), 17, does not countenance any of these suppositions, as the primary notion of this root is agere or ducere; and from it we drive, a pestilence, because it drives men to their graves have, through the Gothic dreiban, the English word (vide Parkhurst's Hebrew Lexicon, London, 1799). But, however uncertain the origin of the word murrain, its meaning is still more obscure, as it has been employed to signify epidemic disease among cattle of every posof which, and of its spread by contagion to animals of sible character, from the dreadful carbuncular typhusevery class, and also to man, Virgil has given such a striking description at the close of his third Georgicdown to the simplest and mildest epidemic catarrh."

If Jamieson's account of the word being used in the Mearns for nephew be correct, it is interesting to note Adamnan's Latin translation of it. There is a family in the south-west of Ireland called at the present day Mac Elligot, and often spoken of as if it were of native origin, or, as Irish genealogists have it, a Milesian one. From the State papers and maps in the Record Office, as well as from old family papers which I have seen, it is certain that this name Mac Elligot is merely a corruption of Mac Ui Leod, and that this so-called native Irish sept descends from a common ancestor with the Macleod of Dunvegan Castle, in the Isle of Skye. Olaus, the Norwegian King of Man in the thirteenth century, had a younger son Leod, who married the daughter of a Celtic chief in whose house he was fostered, and from this marriage descend the Scotch Macleods and the Irish Mac Ui or Ua Leod (i.e. the son of the grandson, or perhaps of the tribe of Leod), whose heiress, in the thirteenth century, married the ancestor of the Marquis of Lansdowne. "In right of this marriage," says Archdall, in his revised edition of Lodge's Peerage, "the Earls of Kerry quarter her arms of Azure, a tower argent, on their shield" (v. arms of Macleod of Dunvegan, in Burke's Landed Gentry). The old Gaelic ui has evidently undergone many changes, O, hy, oe, oy, ee, and hy. Archdall, however, has fallen into a curious mistake in spelling the name of Lord Kerry's heiress-bride McCleod, and saying that her father was Sir John McCleod of Galway. He was really owner of five knights' fees in Kerry, including the lands of Galey, a well-known district in that county. This Mac Ui Leod seems to have come to Ireland with Lord Kerry and others who had gone for a time to Scotland to assist Ed-vi. 329, 356.)-Some slight particulars of the Sir

ward I. in his Scottish wars.

M. A. H.

I venture to think that MR. WARREN is wrong in his interpretation of "ho! ieroe!" in the Lady of the Lake. In many expeditions on Highland lochs, I have heard the stroke oarsman call out "yero! yero!" when those behind him were slackening their time. They immediately quickened

The term murrain is now exclusively confined to what is more correctly termed the vesicular murrain, the aphtha epizootica, which first excited considerable attention about thirty years ago, when it was widely epidemic.

The foregoing account of the etymology and signification of the word murrain is from a paper of my own; and as it is probably as full in both respects as any to be found in the English language, it may interest the readers of "N. & Q." GEORGE W. BALFOUR, M.D.

Edinburgh.

DEVONSHIRE KNIGHTS IN THE TOWER (5th S.

William Courtenay inquired after by your correspondent may prove of interest, thus :

"Edward (third of that name), Earl of Devon, was

born about 1526; on the death of his father (least he the Tower. In 1553, on Mary's acceding to the throne, should raise forces to revenge it) he was committed to he was released and restored to his honours the next day. On gaining his liberty he petitioned to be allowed

Of the above Sir Walter Covert a note is given in "N. & Q.," 3rd S. viii. 309. I believe he died in 1627, but the pedigree throughout is most confusing. SYWL.

to travel, on which the queen advised him to stay at home and marry, as 'no lady in the land, how high soever, would refuse to accept him for a husband' However, in 1555 he obtained leave, and died unmarried at Padua at the age of 30. As soon as the news of his death reached England, Queen Mary passed an attainder on all his titles and estates......Sir William (Banneret), fourth THE LONG-TAILED TITMOUSE (5th S. vi. 536.)— of that name, of Powderham, the next heir, married There need be no doubt whatever but that the Elizabeth, daughter of John Powlet, Marquis of Win-flock in question had not long been in the willow chester. He died in 1571, being 97 years of age.

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Queen Mary promised to restore to this Sir William all his family honours; but in the month of August, 1557, he died in the prime of life at the siege of St. Quintin, but whether a natural or violent death is uncertain. Had he lived to return, he would certainly have been restored to his earldom, &c. He left an only

-son named William."

I have extracted the above from a manuscript history of the Courtenay family, which traces their ancestry back to early times, even prior to 1183; and it also gives many notes of the Courtenays. It is in my own possession. Romford, Essex.

C. GOLDING.

In 1556 there was a plot to rob the Exchequer of some Spanish money, for which Throckmorton, Udel, Peckham, and others were executed. According to Hollinshead's Chronicle, Throckmorton was executed at Tiborne on the 28th of April. Carte, History of England, vol. iii. p. 326, states that "for words too freely spoken at the execution of one of these conspirators at Tyborn," Sir W. Courtenay, Sir John Perrot, and Sir John Pollard were taken into custody, and were kept in prison till the latter end of December, 1556.

EDWARD SOLLY.

LADY JANE COVERT, OF PEPER HARROW (4th S. xii. 428; 5th S. i. 33.)—At the former reference a query is made as to who the above lady was; at the second, a suggestion that she was widow of Sir Walter Covert, of Slaugham. Supposing this to be correct, she was the eldest daughter of Sir John Shurley, of Isfield Place, co. Sussex, Kt. (who died at Lewes, April 25, 1631), by his first wife Jane, daughter of Sir Thomas Shirley, of Wiston, co. Sussex, Kt. See Sussex Arch. Coll., xviii. p. 131. Can any of your correspondents tell me where a really authentic pedigree of the Covert family may be found? There is great confusion in the printed ones I have had access to, more particuJarly in Berry's Sussex Genealogies. Under Slaugham in the Sussex Arch. Coll., x. 159, where is perhaps the best account to be found, there is a great jump as follows:

"Wm. Covert, who died in 1494, is the first of this family connected with Slaugham. His son John died in 1503, having married a Pelham, and was succeeded by his cousin Richard, who died in 1547, after marrying four wives of the families of Fagge, Neville, Ashburnham, and Vaughan. His eldest son John died at the siege of Boulogne, in 1558, and was followed by a son and a grandson, by name William, when we meet with a Sir Walter Covert, of Maidstone, who married Anne, heiress of the Coverts of Slaugham, who was probably the builder of the noble manor-house there."

tree spoken of, nor had nested about the roots
of it. The hen bird lays a very large number
of eggs; as many as sixteen have been found
in one nest. It has been supposed that sometimes
more than one pair have made use of the same
nest; but, be that as it may, the old and young
birds keep together through the winter, as is the
case with several other species,-as, for instance,
the bullfinch, the siskin, &c.,-and if two such
together, it would account for a larger number
families as that spoken of above should consort
than that spoken of by your correspondent MR.
RANDOLPH. The nest is never built on the
ground, but is always suspended from the branch
of a tree-a fir or other. It is a singularly beauti-
ful structure, built of lichens, feathers, &c., of a
long shape, and covered in all over except a small
hole near the top, on the side, at which they have
their "exits and their entrances." As many as
two thousand three hundred and seventy-nine
feathers are stated to have been counted in one.
Let bird-nesters think of such facts as these.
F. O. MORRIS.

Nunburnholme Rectory, Hayton, York.

THE LINLEY FAMILY (4th S. ii. 323.)-Eight years ago MR. B. ST. J. B. JOULE asked a quesbeen answered. Hunting myself for information tion in your columns which appears never to have about one of the Linleys, I naturally turned to able to give, instead of fortunately finding, infor"N. & Q.," but find myself in the position of one mation. Your correspondent asked about a certain O. T. Linley, who along with William Linley wrote some anthems. O. T., or Ozias Thurston, Linley was the brother of William, and both were Ozias was in holy orders, and held a good living; sons of Thomas Linley, Sheridan's father-in-law. but his love of music induced him to resign this preferment, and accept a junior fellowship, with the post of organist at Dulwich College, and here survived him four years. he died in March, 1831.

His brother William
There was an elder

brother, Thomas, a young man of great promise, who was drowned just as he attained manhood. It is of him, or his father, I was in search. There is a certain madrigal or glee, by a Thomas Linley, on a stanza of Cowley's, "Let me careless and unthoughtful lying." Which Thomas was the C. T. B. composer of it?

EDWARD WALPOLE, THE POET (5th S. vi. 321.) -In default of any better attempt at explaining

the letters "O.D.S.M.P.G.S.M.D." upon the Walpole tomb at Pinchbeck, erected by Dr. Smithson, himself a Roman Catholic, may I repeat here a suggestion made by me four years ago to a friend by whom I was consulted on this subject? It is, that the letters are the initials of the following words, "O Domine sancte, magnam perfice gloriam super me defunctum." This would be in keeping with the two following prayers for the dead, which also appear upon the tomb :

"Lux perpetua luceat ei Domine cum sanctis tuis quia pius es."

"Miserere illius Domine secundum magnam misericordiam tuam ut multitudinem miserationum tuarum

tibi peallat in æternum."

St. Albans.

R. R. L.

THE BOOK OF Common Prayer (5th S. vi. 513, 548.)-Let me refer ANON. to Collier, lib. ix. p. 838, and his authorities cited. In 1645 an ordinance was passed which made the use of the Directory obligatory under penalties, and (a second time) prohibited the use of the Prayer Book, either in churches or in families. The fine was "51. for the first offence, 101. for the second, and a year's imprisonment, without bail or mainprize, for the third." W. F. HOBSON.

Let ANON. consult a copy of "A Directory for the Publique Worship of God throughout the Three Kingdoms, &c., ordered by the Lords and Commons assembled in Parliament, &c., London, 1644," and he will find the information he asks for. H. FISHWICK, F.S.A.

ALBAN BUTLER (5th S. vi. 409.)-In Baker's Northamptonshire (vol. i. p. 475) a pedigree is furnished of the family of the author of The Lives of the Saints, from which it will be seen that he was of Appletree, Northants (not Northumberland), and that he was the grandson of John (not Charles) Butler of that place. The report referring to the share taken by this John Butler in inviting over the Prince of Orange is given as a family tradition; and it is said that the course of public affairs so entirely disappointed his expectations, that he not only suffered intensely from remorse, but also neglected his estate-in fact, grew utterly reckless. The connexion of the Butlers of Appletree with those of Aston-le-Wells may be seen, in an abridged form, at p. 253 of the third volume of Burke's History of the Commoners.

66, Lausanne Road, Peckham.

WM. UNDERHILL.

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which falls a strip of parchment, with "Memor... te... ossa.·· mortalem " on it. Upon the book are St. Edward's crown and a sceptre, behind which is a book, open, whose pages bear, "Vanitas vanitatum et omnia Vanitas," and "Nemo an: e mortem beatus dici potese." Near the book is a casket containing jewels and medals. Behind the casket is what seems to be an octagonal staff, round which is twined a plant, having leaves like the shamrock. From the book on the table hangs a portrait, in grisaille, of Charles I., seen threequarters face, wearing armour, a plain collar, a ribbon and medal. It is inscribed "Carolus Rex primus," and below this, in a small character, now partially effaced, what I read, "L. Symonds eff: pinxit," or "sculpsit." A column and three books, on one of which is "Plutric," on another "Cat.," fill up part of the background. The picture, which is well painted, is altogether in the Dutch style, but must, I think, have been painted in this country. Who was L. Symonds, and what was the octagonal staff? RALPH N. JAMES.

Ashford, Kent.

CHARLES II's "DROPS" (5th S. vi. 387.)—Was not this an intoxicant?

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Tinctura Salutifera-Healthful Tincture.-Take the roots of Angelica, Calamus Aromaticus, Galangal, GenCinnamon, and long Pepper, of each a dram: To these tian, and Zeodoary, Bay Berries, the lesser Cardamons, ingredients, ready slic'd and bruis'd, add a Quart of French Brandy; let them digest for three days, and afterwards strain off the Tincture." This recipe is given in Dr. James's English Dispensatory, and the author adds, "This seems intended for nothing more than a cordial dram, and is better furniture for a distiller's than an apothecary's shop." Did this resemble the "pick-me-ups" and tonics dispensed by chemists in the forenoon at the present day? Let me quote Dr. James on this subject of morning drams :—

"This (Stomachic Elixir--not the Salutifera) may be very proper for the bar of a tavern, where profit only is considered. But, in the salutary art of physic, distempers may be cured without laying in the patient's way into a habit that will infallibly destroy him if persisted temptations to do himself a mischief, or leading him in, that is, of whetting in a morning. Aqueous bitters. answer much better purposes than those which are spirituous." KINGSTON.

"THROPP'S WIFE" (5th S. vi. 449.)-See Southey's Doctor, &c., p. 310, Longmans & Co., 1 vol. edit., 1849, on, I believe, this saying, and "Tom Song"; "Jack Robinson"; "Ross of Pottern"; "Jack Raker"; "William Dickens" "Old King Cole"; "Dick" of the hatband; Betty Martin"; and other similar sayings. RICHARD HEMMING. Tiverton Grove, Hyde Road, Manchester.

66

A SATIRE (5th S. vi. 462.)—The piece inquired after by H. J. F. is one of the many political squibs

contributed by Theodore Hook to the John Bull newspaper about half a century ago. For other specimens and a general key to the characters and public events of the time, see Rev. R. H. Barham's (Ingoldsby) Memoir and Remains of Theodore Hook, and a volume of the Choice Humorous Works of Theodore Hook, edited by me, and published originally by the late Mr. John Camden Hotten, and now by Messrs. Chatto & Windus.

R. H. S. “FROPPISH” (5th S. vi. 448.)—Froppish or frappish is derived from the Norse hrappa, "to scold," and is equivalent to "peevish." There is still a provincial word to frape, meaning "to scold," from which Diez derives the French verb frapper, "to strike." The change of meaning from "scolding to "striking," i.e., from a moral to a physical notion, does not appear probable; it is rather the reverse which we might expect. The word is evidently an onomatopoeia corresponding to the English flap, which means both "to strike" and "to taunt." G. A. SCHRUMPF.

Tettenhall College.

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"A MAN LOADED WITH MISCHIEF" (5th S. vi. 449.)-In Larwood's History of Signboards, p. 456, K. S. B. will find a good deal of information. It is not a woman that is entering Gripe's shop, but a carpenter to pledge his tools. I think it is exceedingly probable that the picture was designed originally by Hogarth, and it was long fastened in front of the house outside; it is now inside the window. It has been injured by exposure, and recently retouched, and so far spoilt, but the composition is wonderfully clever. It used to be specified as a fixture in the lease of the premises, but it certainly is no fixture now, whatever the inventory may set it down as. The engraving is sub-inscribed, "Drawn by Experience and engraved by Sorrow," with the rhyme

"A monkey, a magpie, and a wife, Is the true emblem of strife." Surely all this is like Hogarth, though it does not appear, I believe, among his collected works. C. A. WARD.

Mayfair.

I have a clipping from an old newspaper containing a paragraph and woodcut anent the old signboard in Oxford Street, London. If K. S. B. gives me his name and address, I will send the clipping for his perusal. T. STUART ANDERSON. Lindores Abbey, Newburgh, Fife.

See John Camden Hotten's History of Signboards, p. 456, edit. 1866, and the coloured engraving prefixed to that work. WILLIAM WING.

The sign of "The Man loaded with Mischief" (a woman and a monkey), and attributed to Hogarth, has recently been replaced outside a publichouse in Oxford Street, a short distance westward of Tottenham Court Road, and on the opposite side of the way. It has evidently been_cleaned, and it may have been "touched up," for I remember it in the same position many years ago.

LAYCAUMA.

BOOK-PLATES (5th S. vi. 465.)—Les Ex-Libris Français, depuis leur Origine jusqu'à nos Jours, Paris, 1874, by A. Poulet-Malassis. This work has already passed through two editions, and contains a short account of French book-plates from the sixteenth century, with fac-similes of several of those described. There is no English work on this subject. MR. SOLLY will find an interesting Journal of September, 1876. illustrated article on book-plates in the Art HIRONDELLE.

I have several times been asked, as a collector, if there was any work on book-plates in English. I don't know of one. Two interesting works have come out in France-the Armorial du Bibliophile, par M. Guigard, and Les Ex-Libris Français, par M. Poulet-Malassis-both with illustrations, and both worthy of a place in any library. There is also a pamphlet, Des Marques et Devises, par M. de Reiffenberg, besides some articles in different periodicals. Should any work such as is suggested in 5th S. vi. 465, by MR. SOLLY, make its appearance, it would be sure to meet with a good recep tion both in England and France. With regard to the Garrick plate, I have always understood the design to be by Gravelot. H. P.

Thirsk.

Annals of the Coinage, 5 vols. 8vo. and 1 vol. BOOKS ON COINS (5th S. vi. 500.)-Ruding's 4to. of plates, published in 1819, by Lackington, Hughes, Harding, Mavor & Jones, Finsbury Square, now only to be had second hand, is generally considered, I believe, the best standard work on the British coinage. JULIA BOYD.

Was Humphreys the editor of the following work, The Coins of England, London, 1846, William Smith, Fleet Street? The preface is signed H. N. H. T. F.

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