Britannic Majefty and his Moft Chriftian Majefty, their kingdoms, states, and subjects, by fea and by land, in all parts of the world. Orders fhall be fent to the armies and fquadrons, as well as to the fubjects of the two powers, to ftop all hoftilities, and to live in the most perfect union, forgetting what is paft, of which their Sovereigns give them the order and example. And for the execution of this article, fea-paffes fhall be given on each fide for the thips which fhall be difpatched to carry the news of it to the poffeffions of the faid powers. Art. II. His Majefty the King of Great Britain fhall preferve in full right the ifland of Newfoundland, and the adjacent islands, in the fame manner as the whole was ceded to him by the 13th article of the treaty of Utrecht, fave the exceptions which fhall be ftipulated by the 5th article of the prefent treaty. Art. III. His Most Christian Majefty, in order to prevent quarrels which have hitherto arifen between the two nations of England and France, renounces the right of fishing, which belongs to him by virtue of the faid article of the treaty of Utrecht, from Cape Bonavifta to Cape St John, fituated on the eaftern coaft of Newfoundland, in about 50 degrees of north latitude; whereby the French fishery fhall commence at the faid Cape St John, fhall go round by the north, and, going down the western coaft of the inland of Newfoundland, shall have for boundary the place called Cape Raye, fituated in 47 degrees 50 minutes latitude, Art. IV. The French fishermen fhall enjoy the fishery afligned them by the foregoing article, as they have a right to enjoy it by virtue of the treaty of Utrecht. Art.V. His Britannic Majefty will cede, in full right to his Moft Chriftian Majefty, the islands of St Pierre and Miquelon. Art. VI. With regard to the right of fifhing in the gulph of St Laurence, the French fhall continue to enjoy it, conformably to the 5th article of the treaty of Paris. Art. VII. The King of Great Britain shall restore to France the island of St Lucia, and fhall cede and guarantee to her that of Tobago. Art. VIII. The Moft Chriftian King fhall restore to Great Britain the islands of Grenada, and the Grenadines, St Vincent's, Dominica, St Chriftopher's, Ne vis, and Montferrat; and the fortreffea of those islands conquered by the arms of Great Britain, and by thofe of France, fhall be restored in the fame condition in which they were when the conqueft of them was made; provided that the term of eighteen months, to be computed from the time of the ratification of the definitive treaty, fhall be granted to the refpective fubjects of the crowns of Great Britain and France, who may have settled in the faid islands, and in other places which fhall be restored by the definitive treaty, to fell their eftates, recover their debts, and to tranfport their effects, and retire without being reftrained on account of their religion, or on any other what foever, except in cafes of debt, or of criminal profecutions. Art IX. The King of Great Britain fhall cede and guarantee, in full right to his Moft Chriftian Majefty, the river of Senegal, and its dependencies, with the forts of St Louis, Podor, Galam, Arguin, and Portendie: his Britannic Majefty fhall restore likewise the island of Goree, which fhall be given up in the condition in which it was when the British arms took poffeffion of it. Art. X. The Moft Chriftian King fhall, on his fide, guarantee to his Majefty the King of Great Britain, the poffeffion of Fort James, and of the river Gambia, Art. XI. In order to prevent all difcuffion in that part of the world, the two courts fhall agree, either by the definitive treaty, or by a feparate act, upon the boundaries to be fixed to their refpective poffeffions. The gum-trade fhall be carried on in future, as the English and French nations carried it on before the year 1755. Art. XII. In regard to the rest of the coafts of Africa, the fubjects of both powers fhall continue to frequent them, according to the custom which has prevailed hitherto. Art. XIII. The King of Great Britain fhall reftore to his Moft Chriftian Majesty all the establishments which belonged to him at the commencement of the prefent war, on the coaft of Orixa, and in Bengal, with liberty to furround Chandernagóre with a ditch for draining the waters; and his Britannic Majefty engages to take fuch meafures as may be in his power, for fecuring to the subjects of France in that part of India, as alfo on the coasts of Orixa, Coromandel, and Malabar, a fafe, free, and independent trade, trade, fuch as was carried on by the late Art. XIV. Pondicherry, as well as Ka- Art. XV. France shall again enter into poffeffion of Mahe, and of the Comptoir, at Surat; and the French fhall carry on commerce in this part of India, conform ably to the principles laid down in the 15th article of this treaty. Art. XVI. In cafe France has allies in India, they fhall be invited, as well as thofe of Great Britain, to accede to the prefent pacification; and, for that pur. pofe, a term of four months, to be computed from the day on which the propofal fhall be made to them, fhall be allow ed them to make their decifion; and, in cafe of refufal on their part, their Britannic and Moft Chriftian Majefties agree not to give them any affiftance, directly or indirectly, against the British or French poffeffions, or against the poffeffions of their respective allies; and their faid Majefties fhall offer them their good offices towards a mutual accommodation between them. Art. XVII. The King of Great Britain, defirous of giving his Moft Christian Ma. jesty a fincere proof of reconciliation and friendship, and of contributing to the folidity of the peace which is on the point of being re-established, will confent to the abrogation and suppression of all the articles relative to Dunkirk, from the trea. ty of peace concluded at Utrecht in 1713, inclufively to this time. Art. XVIII. By the definitive treaty, all thofe which have exifted till now between the two high contracting parties, and which fhall not have been derogated from, either by the said treaty, or by the prefent preliminary treaty, fhall be renewed and confirmed; and the two courts fhall name commiffioners to inquire into the ftate of commerce between the two nations, in order to agree upon new arrangements of trade, on the footing of reciprocity and mutual convenience. The faid two courts fhall together amicably fix a competent term for the duration of that business. Art. XIX. All the countries and territories which may have been, or which may be conquered, in any part of the world whatsoever, by the arms of his Britannic Majefty, or by thofe of his Moft Chriftian Majefty, and which are not included in the prefent articles, fhall be reftored without difficulty, and without requiring compenfation. Art. XX. As it is neceffary to affign a fixed epoch for the restitutions and the evacuations to be made by each of the high contracting parties, it is agreed, That the King of Great Britain fhall caufe to be evacuated the islands of St Pierre and Miquelon, three months after the ratification of the definitive treaty, or fooner if it can be done; St Lucia in the Weft Indies, and Goree in Africa, three months after the ratification of the definitive treaty, or fooner if it can be done. The King of Great Britain thall, in like manner, at the end of three months after the ratification of the definitive treaty, or fooner if it can be done, enter again into poffeffion of the islands of Grenada, the Grenadines, St Vincent, Dominica, St Chriftopher's, Nevis, and Montferrat. France fhall be put into poffeffion of the towns and comptoirs which are reftored to her in the Eaft Indies, and of the territories which are procured for her, to ferve as dependencies round Pondicherry and round Karical, fix months after the ratification of the definitive treaty, or fooner if it can be done. France hall, at the end of the fame term of fix months, reftore the towns and territories which her arms may have taken from the English, or their allies, in the Eaft Indies. In confequence whereof, the neceffary orders fhall be fent by each of the high contracting parties, with reciprocal paffports for the fhips which shall carry them, immediately after the ratification of the definitive treaty. Art. XXI. The prifoners made refpectively by the arms of his Britannic Ma jefty, and his Moft Chriftian Majefty, by land and by fea, fhall be reftored reciprocally, and bona fide, immediately after the ratification of the definitive treaty, without ransom, and on paying the debts they may have contracted during their captivity; and each crown fhall refpectively reimburse the fums which thall have been advanced for the fubfiftence and maintenance of their prifoners, by the Sovereign of the country where they thall A 2 have have been detained, according to the receipts and attested accounts, and other authentic titles, which fhall be produced on each fide. Art. XXII. In order to prevent all caufes of complaint and difpute which may arife on account of prizes which may be made at fea after the figning of thefe preliminary articles, it is reciprocally agreed, That the vessels and effects which may be taken in the Channel and in the North Seas, after the space of twelve days, to be computed from the ratification of the present preliminary articles, fhall be reftored on each fide. That the term shall be one month, from the Channel and the North Seas, as far as the Canary Islands, inclufively, whether in the ocean or in the Mediterranean; two months, from the said Canary Islands as far as the equinoxial line or equator; and, laftly, five months in all other parts of the world, without any exception, or any other more particular description of time and place. Art. XXIII. The ratifications of the prefent preliminary articles fhall be expedited in good and due form, and exchan ged in the space of one month, or fooner if it can be done, to be computed from the day of the fignature of the prefent articles. In witnefs whereof, we the under-writteu ministers plenipotentiary of his Britannic Majefty, and of his Moft Chriftian Majefty, by virtue of our refpective full powers, have figned the prefent preliminary articles, and have caufed the feals of our arms to be put thereto. Done, at Versailles, the 20th day of January 1783. ALLEYNE FITZHERBERT. (L. S.) Tranflation of the Preliminary Articles of tain, Mr Alleyne Fitzherbert, minifter plenipotentiary of his said Majefty; and on the part of his Majefty the King o Spain, Don Peter Paul Abarea de Bole Ximenes d'Urnea, &c. Count of Aranda and Caftel Florido, Marquis of Torres, of Villanan and Rupit, Viscount of Rueda and Yoch, Baron of the baronies of Gavin Sietano, Clamofa, Eripol, Trazmoz, La Mata de Caftil-Viego, Antillon, La Almolda, Cortis Jorva, St Genis, Rabovillet, Oreau, and St Colome de Farnes, Lord of the Tenance and Honour of Alcalaten, the valley of Rodellar, the caftles and towns of Maella, Mofones, Tiurana de Villaplana, Taradele, and Viladran, &c. Rico-Hombre in Arragon, by birth, Grandee of Spain of the firft clafs, Knight of the order of the Golden Fleece, and of that of the Holy Ghoft, Gentleman of the King's Bed-chamber in employment, Captain-General of his armies, and his Ambaffador to his Moft Chriftian Majefty; who, after having duly communicated to each other their full powers in good form, have agreed on the following preliminary articles: Art. 1. As foon as the preliminaries fhall be signed and ratified, fincere friendfhip fhall be re-established between his Britannic Majefty and his Catholic Majefty, their kingdoms, ftates, and fubjects, by fea and by land, in all parts of the world. Orders fhall be sent to the armies and squadrons, as well as to the fubjects of the two powers, to ftop all hoftilities, and to live in the most perfect union, forgetting what has paffed, of which their Sovereigns give them the order and example. And for the execution of this article, fea-paffes fhall be given on each fide for the ships which fhall be dispatched to carry the news of it to the poffeffions of the faid powers. Art. II. His Catholic Majesty shall keep the inland of Minorca. Art. III. His Britannic Majefty shall cede to his Catholic Majefty Eaft Florida, and his Catholic Majefty fhall keep Weft Florida, provided that the term of eighteen months, to be computed from the time of the ratification of the defini tive treaty, fhall be granted to the subjects of his Britannic Majefty, who are fettled, as well in the island of Minorca as in the two Floridas, to fell their eftates, recover their debts, and to tranfport their effects, as well as their perfons, without being restrained on ac count of their religion, or under any o ther ther pretence what foever, except that of debts and criminal profecutions. And his Britannic Majefty shall have power to caufe all the effects that may belong to him in Eaft Florida, whether artillery, er others, to be carried away. Art. IV. His Catholic Majefty fhall not for the future fuffer the fubjects of his Britannic Majesty, or their workmen, to be disturbed or molested, under any pretence whatsoever, in their occupation of cutting, loading, and carrying away logwood, in a diftrict of which the boundaries fhall be fixed; and for this purpose they may build without hindfance, and occupy without interrup tion, the houses and magazines neceffary for them, for their families, and for their effects, in a place to be agreed upon, either in the definitive treaty, or within fix months after the exchange of the ratifications; and his faid Catholic Majefty affures to them, by this article, the entire enjoyment of what is above fipulated, provided that thefe ftipula tions fhall not be confidered as derogatory in any respect from the rights of his fovereignty. Art. V. His Catholic Majefty fhall reflore to Great Britain the islands of Providence and the Bahamas, without exception, in the fame condition in which they were when they were conquered by the arms of the King of Spain. Art. VI. All the countries and territories which may have been or may be conquered in any part of the world what foever, by the arms of his Britannic Majefty, or by thofe of his Catholic Majefty, and which are not included in the prefent articles, shall be restored, without dif ficulty, and without requiring compen fation. Art. VII. By the definitive treaty, all those which have existed till now between the two high contracting parties, and which fhall not be derogated from either by the faid treaty, or by the prefent preliminary treaty, fhall be renewed and confirmed; and the two courts fhall name commiffioners to inquire into the state of commerce between the two nations, in order to agree upon new arrangements of trade on the footing of reciprocity and mutual convenience; and the two faid courts fhall together amicably fix a competent term for the duration of that-business. [Art. VIII. IX. X. XI. are exactly the fame as thofe with France, XX. XXI. XXII. XXIII.] In witnefs, &c. Done at Versailles, the 20th day of January 1783. ALLEYNE FITZHERBERT. (L.S.) LE COMPTE D'ARANDA. (L.S.) Articles agreed upon by and between Richard Ofwald, Efq; the Commiffioner of his Britannic Majefty, for treating of Peace with the Commiffioners of the United States of America, in behalf of his Jaid Majefty, on the one part; and John Adams, Benjamin Franklin, John Jay, and Henry Laurens, four of the Commiffioners of the faid States, for treating of Peace with the Commiffioner of his faid Majefty, on their behalf, on the other part; to be inserted in, and to conftitute the Treaty of Peace, propofed to be concluded between the Crown of Great Britain and the said United States; but which Treaty is not to be concluded until terms of a Peace shall be agreed upon between Great Britain and France, and his Britannic Majesty sball be ready to conclude fuch Treaty accordingly. WHEREAS reciprocal advantages and mutual convenience are found by expe rience to form the only permanent foundation of peace and friendship between States; it is agreed to form the articles of the propofed Treaty on fuch principles of liberal equity and reciprocity, as that partial advantages (thofe feeds of difcord) being excluded, fuch a beneficial and fatisfactory intercourfe between the two countries may be established, as to promife and fecure to both perpetual peace and harmony. Art. I. His Britannic Majesty acknowledges the faid United States, viz. New Hampshire, Maffachufet's Bay, RhodeIsland and Providence Plantations, Connecticut, New York, New Jersey, Pennfylvania, Delaware, Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Georgia, to be free, fovereign, and independent States; that he treats with them as such; and for himself, his heirs and fucceffors, relinquishes all claims to the government, propriety, and territorial rights of the fame, and every part thereof: And that all difputes which might arise in future on the subject of the boundaries of the faid United States may be prevented, it is hereby agreed and declared, that the following are and shall be their boundaries, viz. Art. II. Art. II. From the north-weft angle of Nova Scotia, viz. that angle which is formed by a line drawn due north from the fource of St. Croix river to the Highlands, along the faid Highlands which divide those rivers that empty themselves into the river St Lawrence, from thofe which fall into the Atlantic Ocean, to the north-westernmoft head of Connecticut river; thence down along the middle of that river, to the forty-fifth degree of north latitude; from thence, by a line due weft on faid latitude, until it ftrikes the river Iroquois, or Cataraquy; thence along the middle of faid river into Lake Ontario, through the middle of said lake, until it ftrikes the communication by water between that lake and Lake Erie: thence along the middle of faid communication into Lake Erie, through the middle of the faid lake, until it arrives at the water communication between that lake and Lake Huron; thence along the middle of faid water communication, to the Lake Huron; thence through the middle of faid lake to the water communication between that lake and Lake Superior; thence through Lake Superior, northward of the ifles Royal and Phelipeaux, to the Long Lake; thence through the middle of faid Long Lake, and the water communication between it and the Lake of the Woods, to the said Lake of the Woods; thence through the faid lake to the most north-western point thereof, and from thence, on a due weft courfe, to the river Miffiffippi; thence by a line to be drawn along the middle of the faid river Miffiffippi, until it thall interfect the northernmost part of the 31. degree of north latitude;-fouth, by a line to be drawn due caft from the determination of the line laft mentioned, in the latitude of 31 degrees north of the equator, to the middle of the river Apalachicola, or Catahouche; thence along the middle thereof, to its junction with the Flint River; thence ftrait to the head of St Mary's River, and thence down along the middle of St Mary's River to the Atlantic ocean ;-eaft, by a line to be drawn along the middle of the river St Croix, from its mouth in the Bay of Fundy to its fource, and from its fource directly north, to the aforefaid Highlands which divide the rivers that fall into the Atlantic ocean from thofe which fall into the river St Lawrence, comprehending all islands within twenty leagues of any part of the thores of the United States, and lying between lines to be drawn due eaft from the points where the aforefaid boundaries between Nova Scotia on the one part, and Eaft Florida on the other, fhall refpectively touch the Bay of Fundy, and the Atlantic ocean; excepting fuch islands as now are, or heretofore may have been, within the limits of the faid province of Nova Scotia. Art. III. It is agreed, That the people of the United States shall continue to enjoy, unmolefted, the right to take fish, of every kind, on the Grand Bank, and on all the other banks of Newfoundland; also in the Gulph of St Lawrence, and at all other places in the fea, where the inhabitants of both countries used at any time heretofore to fish; and alfo, that the inhabitants of the United States fhall have liberty to take fish, of every kind, on fuch part of the coaft of Newfoundland as British fishermen fhall ufe (but not to dry or cure the fame on that ifland); and alfo on the coafts, bays, and creeks, of all other of his Britannic Majefty's dominions in America; and that the American fishermen shall have liberty to dry and cure fifh in any of the unfettled bays, harbours, and creeks, of Nova Scotia, Magdalen iflands, and Labrador, fo long as the fame fhall remain unfettled; but fo foon as the fame, or either of them, fhall be fettled, it fhall not be lawful for the said fishermen to dry or cure fish at fuch fettlement, without a previous agreement for that purpofe with the inhabitants, proprietors, or poffeffors of the ground. Art. IV. It is agreed, That creditors on either fide fhall meet with no lawful impediment to the recovery of the full value, in Sterling money, of all bona fide debts heretofore contracted. Art. V. It is agreed, That the Congrefs fhall earnestly recommend it to the Legislatures of the refpective States, to provide for the reftitution of all eftates, rights, and properties, which have been confifcated, belonging to real British fubjects, and alfo of the eftates, rights, and properties, of perfons refident in districts in the poffeffion of his Majefty's arms, and who have not borne arms against the faid United States; and that perfons of any other defcription fhall have free liberty to go to any part or parts of any of the Thirteen United States, and therein to remain twelve months unmolefted in their endeavours to obtain the restitution of |