A Manual of Elementary Geology: Or, The Ancient Changes of the Earth and Its Inhabitants, as Illustrated by Geological MonumentsD. Appleton & Company, 1854 - 512 Seiten |
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A Manual of Elementary Geology: The Ancient Changes of the Earth and its ... Sir Charles Lyell Eingeschränkte Leseprobe - 1854 |
Häufige Begriffe und Wortgruppen
alluvium Alps altered ancient animals aqueous argillaceous augite Auvergne basalt beds bones bottom breccia calcareous called carbonate carboniferous character clay cliffs coal composed cone conglomerate consist containing corals crag crater Cretaceous crystalline crystals denudation deposits dikes Eocene eruptions extinct feet thick felspar fish flint formations fossil fossiliferous fragments freshwater genera genus Geol geological geologists gneiss granite gravel greensand greenstone height hills horizontal hornblende hypogene igneous island lakes land lava layers lias lime limestone lower marl mass metamorphic mica mica-schist miles mineral Miocene mountain newer observed occur Old Red Oolite organic remains origin pebbles period plants Pliocene plutonic rocks portion quadrupeds quartz recent Red Sandstone region reptiles river sand schist scoriæ seen shale siliceous Silurian slate sometimes species stone strata stratified supposed surface tertiary tion trachyte trap tuff upper valley veins vertical volcanic rocks Wealden white chalk
Beliebte Passagen
Seite 502 - This has been accomplished without violation of the laws now governing the organic creation, by which limits are assigned to the variability of species. The succession of living beings appears to have been continued not by the transmutation of species, but by the introduction into the earth from time to time of new plants and animals...
Seite 24 - The upper valve is almost invariably wanting, though occasionally found in a perfect state of preservation in the white chalk at some distance. In this case we see clearly that the sea-urchin first lived from youth to age, then died and lost its spines, which were carried away. Then the young Crania adhered to the...
Seite 218 - Kotzebue, stating that the inhabitants of the Radack Archipelago, a group of lagoon islands in the midst of the Pacific, obtained stones for sharpening their instruments by searching the roots of trees which are cast upon the beach.
Seite 281 - ... was quite active. Their limbs and strong claws are admirably adapted for crawling over the rugged and fissured masses of lava, which everywhere form the coast. In such situations, a group of six or seven of these hideous reptiles may oftentimes be seen on the black rocks, a few feet above the surf, basking in the sun with outstretched legs.
Seite 332 - Appalachian coal-field assume an horizontal position west of the mountains. In that less elevated country, the coal-measures are intersected by three great navigable rivers, and are capable of supplying for ages, to the inhabitants of a densely peopled region, an inexhaustible supply of fuel These rivers are the Monongahela, the Alleghany, and the Ohio, all of which lay open on their banks the level seams of coal. Looking down the first of these at Brownsville, we have a fine view of the main seam...
Seite 61 - An epoch still more remote presented itself, when even the most ancient of these rocks, instead of standing upright in vertical beds, lay in horizontal planes at the bottom of the sea, and was not yet disturbed by that immeasurable force which has burst asunder the solid pavement of the globe. Revolutions still more remote appeared in the distance of this extraordinary perspective. The mind seemed to grow giddy by looking so far into the abyss of...
Seite 396 - ... are rarely carried during eruptions. There will also be one point on this windward or lowest side more depressed than all the rest, by which in the event of a partial submergence the sea may enter as often as the tide rises, or as often as the wind blows from that quarter.
Seite 332 - Horizontal galleries may be driven everywhere at very slight expense, and so worked as to drain themselves, while the cars, laden with coal and attached to each other, glide down, as shown in the plate, on a railway, so as to deliver their burden into barges moored to the river's bank.
Seite 406 - ... fusion, continued their course in those channels, which were sometimes full to the brim, and at other times more or less so, according to the quantity of matter in motion.