72 Holidays of the World-Continued. Aug. 10... Independence of Quito. Feb. 23, 24. Annamite Festival. Oct. 9... Ind. of Guayaquil. Oct. 12... Discovery of America. Nov. 2... All Souls' Day. Dec. 25... Christmas Day. * Unofficial. EGYPT. Jan. 1... New Year's Day. June 19...2d Annam. New Yrs. Jan. 6... The Epiphany. Aug. 27... Native 'All Souls' Day.' Mar. 25*.. Annunciation. There are also several other April 19... Holy Saturday. Jan. 7... Christmas Day (O. S.). Jerally observed by foreign banks June 30 Reform Day. Jan. 14... New Year's Day (O.S. or merchants. April 18... Good Friday. Mar. 3... Carnival in Alexandria. April 21... Easter Monday. GERMANY. June 7... Whit Sunday Eve in Jan. 27. Kaiser's Birthday. Mar. 4.. Shrove Tuesday (Mardi Feb. 2*.. Purification June 9... Whit Mond., Al'andria. June 30. Cheker Bairam (1st Gras). Mar. 5*.. Ash Wednesday. June 19*.. Corpus Christi. July 25*.. St. Iago (St. James). Sept. 8*.. Nativity. Sept. 15... Independence Day. 1... All Saints' Day. 8... Immaculate Concept'n. Dec. 25... Christmas Day. The Fiesta de Minerva occurs on the three days following the last Sunday in October. * Unofficial. ΗΛΙΤΙ. (3d June 29*.. St. Peter and St. Paul. Jan. 1... New Year's Day-In Aug. 15*.. Assumptio Sept. 25...Jewish New Year's in Sept. Alexandria. Nov. Oct. 4..Jewish Day of Atone- Nov. ment (Alexandria). Dec. 25... Christmas Day. Dec. (M) Dates for Mohammedan Dec. holidays are approximate only. ENGLAND. 8*.. Nativity. 1*.. All Saints' Day. dependence Day. April 17... Holy Thursday. April 18... Good Friday. May 1... Agric. Day (Lab. Day). 2*.. All Souls' Day. May 29... The Ascension. * Dates marked with an asterisk Nov. are celebrated as holidays in Nov. Catholic Germany only. The Dec. (See United Kingdom In this list.) Stock Exchanges at Berlin and 1. 2. All Saints' Day. All Souls' Day. 25... Christmas Day. HAWAII 1... New Year's Day. 1*.. Chinese New Year. 22... Washington's Birthday. April 18*.. Good Friday. May 30... Decoration Day. Jan. 7... Christmas Day (O.S.). July 4... Independence Day. Epiphany. that of the New Style, but Russian Jan. 20... St. John the Baptist * Observed by many business (O.S.). official holidays have hitherto been houses but not established by law. HONDURAS. Mar. 11... 1st day of Lent (O.S.). Jan. ing holidays always half-April 7... Annunciat'n Theotokos Feb. 1... New Year's Day. 3... Mon. bef. Lent Carniv. Маг. 25*.. Annunciation. June 24*.. St. John the Baptist. June 3... St. Constantine and St. June 29... St. Peter and St. Paul. Elena (O.S.). June 9... Whit Monday. July 12... St. Peter and St. Paul (O.S.). July 14... Fête Nationale (Fall of Aug. 19... Transfiguration (O.S.). Aug. 15... Assumption. Dec. 25... Christmas Day. Aug. 15... Assumption. Sept. 8*.. Nativity. Sept. 15... Independence Day. Oct. 4... Celebrat'n of Francisco Aug. 28... Assumption (O.S.). Oct. Sept. 21... Nativity (O.S.). In normal times there are many Sept. 27*.. Exalt'n of Cross (O.S.). bcal holidays observed at Lille, Nov. 8... St. Dimitrius (O.S.). Tourcoing and Roubaix. * Dates Nov. 21*.. St. Michael and St. Indicated by an asterisk the Paris Gabriel (O.S.). 12... Discovery of America. * Unofficial. HONG KONG (CHINA). Jan. 1... New Year's Day. stock Exchange does not close. Nov. 26*..St. John Chrisostome Feb. 1*.. Chinese New Year. Mar. 21*.. Jamshedi Naoroz. April 19... Easter Saturday. April 21... Easter Monday. mer 24.. Empire Day. 73 days observed in certain States or cities. Due days precede Sunday 1... Abolition of Slavery in or legal holidays. * Unofficial. British Colonies. JAPAN. Jan. 1, 3, 5.. New Year's Holi days: Shiho-Hal, Genshi-sai, Shin-nen-en-kai. Feb. 11... Kigen-setsu (Anniver Jan. NETHERLANDS. 1... New Year's Day. April 18... Good Friday. June 9... Whit Monday. Dec. 26 Day after Christmas. sary Coronation of 1st Emperor). In addition to the above, banks Mar. 21... Shunki-korci-sai (Spring and the Amsterdam Stock ExFestival). change are usually closed every April 3...Jimmu-Tenno-sai (An- Saturday during July and August. niversary death of 1st Emperor). April 18... Good Friday (Foreign Merchants). NEWFOUNDLAND. Jan. 1... New Year's Day. June 3... King-Emperor's B'day July 30... Anniv. death of Em-Dec. 25: Christmas Day. Sept. 1. Ganesh-Chaturthi and Sept. 24. Shunki-korei-sai (Au- Mar. 17.... St. Patrick's Day. Samvat-Sari (Jain). (Β.). Sept. 11*.. Parsi New Year. Sept. 16*.. Khordadsal. Oct. 6*.. Dussera (B.). Oct. 25-26-27*. Diwali (B.). Nov. 7*.. Monurrum (B.). Native holidays officially sanc Oct. 17... Kan-name-sai (Harvest April 19. Holy Saturday. tumn Festival). April 18... Good Friday. Thanksgiving). Oct. 31... Ten-cho-setsu-Shuku jitsu (Emperor's Birthday). Nov. 23. Nii-name-sai (2d Harvest Festival). April 21 Monday after Easter. Dec. 25-26. Christmas Holidays. Dec. 25... Christmas Day (Cus-Nov. 30. St. Andrew's Day. tioned by the Government under tom House & For'n Merchants). Dec. 25. Christmas Day. Section 25 of Act XXVI. of 1881, public offices, as well as banks and The Custom House and other Dec. 26... Boxing Day. entitled the "Negotiable Instru-large arms close on Sundays, and In addition to the foregoing there ment Act." The dates are approxi- Government offices and schools also are local holidays at leading towns mate, as precise dates are fixed by close on Saturday afternoons. In Janne Canterbury, Dekland: the native calendar in several cases. most mills and factories work is Marlborough, Nov. 1; Nelson, Feb. The exact dates are duly an- suspended on the first and fifteenth nounced by the Government each of each month, instead of on Sun- 2; Otago and Southland, Mar. 23: year. Those marked (B.) are also days, and only the New Year Taranaki, April 1, and Wellington, on the following dates: Auckland, ixed as holidays under Charter- holidays, the Kigen-setsu (Feb. Jan. 22. Parties by the Bombay Chamber 11), and Ten-cho-setsu (Aug. 31), NICARAGUA. 1... New Year's Day. 6*.. The Epiphany. 2*.. Purification. 4*.. Shrove Tues. (Carniv.). 25*..Annunciation. of Commerce. The Government holidays are observed. Railway, Jan. also recognizes some twenty or postal and telegraphic services are Jan. more other holidays observed by maintained every day in the year, Feb. the Hindu, Parsi, Mohammedan, and all stores are open every day Mar. Jewish and Jain religions. Also the except the New Year holidays and Mar. four days following Christmas as July 1 and 15. No Sundays are April 17*.. Holy Thursday. optional holidays for the Christian observed. population. IRELAND. (See United Kingdom.) Jan. 1... New Year's Day: Mar. 19*.. St. Joseph (St. José). April 18... Good Friday (Florence, Genoa and Milan). April 21.. Easter Monday (Flor ence, Genoa and Milan). May 1... Labor Day. May 23... St. Julia (Leghorn). May 29... The Ascension. June 9... Whit Monday (Flor ence, Genoa and Milan). June 19*.. Corpus Christi. June 24... St. John the Baptist. Aug. 15..Assumption. Sept. 8*.. Nativity. Sept. 20... National Holiday. 7 7...St. Ambrose (Milan). * Unofficial holidays. JAMACIΑ. Jan. 1... New Year's Day. 6*.. The Epiphany. Feb. 5... Anniv. of Constitution. 4... Shrove Tues. (Carniv.). April 19. Holy Saturday, May 29*.. The Ascension. June 19*.. Corpus Christi. June 24*.. St. John the Baptist. Sept. 8*.. Nativity. Sept. 16... Anniv. of Independ. Nov. 20... Begin'g Rev'n in 1910. Dec. 25... Christmas Day. Other dates formerly celebrated were: Маг. 21... Birthday of Juarez. July 30... Death of Hidalgo. Dec. 22... Death of Morelos. Jan. 1... New Year's Day. April 21... Easter Monday. Thanksgiving Day in Norway is a movable date. It will fall as follows for the next five years: 1918, Nov. 1; 1919, Oct. 31, 1920, Nov. 5; 1921, Nov. 4: 1922, Nov. 3. PANAMA. Jan. 1... New Year's Day. Jan. 6*.. The Epiphany. 4*.. Shrove Tuesday. There are also many local holl-April 19*.. Holy Saturday. 74 May 29*.. The Ascension. June 19*.. Corpus Christi. Holidays of the World-Continued. June 29*.. St. Peter and St. Paul. Sept. .8*.. Nativity. Oct. 12... Columbus Day. Nov. 1.. All Saints' Day. Dec. 8*.. Immaculate Concept'n. Jan. 19... The Epiphany (O.S.). * Unofficial. Jan. PORTO RICO. 1... New Year's Day. Feb. Nov. 3... Separat'n fr. Colombia. May 14... Mothers' Day. * Unofficial. PARAGUAY. Jan. 1... New Year's Day. April 17... Holy Thursday. June 19... Corpus Christi. Aug. 15*.. Assumption. Oct. 12... Columbus Day. Nov. 1.. All Saints' Day. Nov. 25... Adopt'n of Constitut'n. July 30... Decoration Day. July 25... Occupation Day. Oct. 12... Columbus Day. Feb. 15... Purification (O.S.). April 19*.. Holy Saturday. April 21*.. Easter Monday. June 9".. Whit Monday. July 12*.. St. Peter and St. Paul (O.S.). Aug. 19... Transfiguration (O.S.). * Unofficial. In addition to the above the Stock Exchange at Petrograd closes on the following days: Jan. 13, Feb. 13, May 13, and May 22, May 24, Sept. 11, Oct. 9, but Oct. 14, and Dec. 4. The first Due days follow Sundays legal holidays. * Unomcial, quite generally observed. The three are the last days of the various ports celebrate locally the months of December, January, and festivals of their patron saints. April (O.S.), while the others are PORTUGAL. festival days in the Greek Church. SALVADOR. Jan. * Celebrated at Asuncion as the Jan. date of the founding of the city May in 1536. PHILIPPINE ISLANDS. Jan. 1... New Year's Day. Feb. 22... Washington's Birthday. April 17.. Holy Thursday. April 18... Good Friday. May 1... Labor Day. May 30... Memorial Day. 1... Univ. Brotherh'd Day. Dec. 25. Family Day. Day. * The first attempt to establish 1... New Year's Day. 6*.. The Epiphany. 1. Civic Holiday. 15*.. Nat'l Holiday-Com memorating Gen. Morazan, April 17.. Holy Thursday. a republic in Portugal was made June 29*.. St. Peter and St. Paul. on Jan. 31, 1891. RHODESIA. June 6... Elect'n Day (ev. 4 yrs.). Jan. 1... New Year's Day. July 4... Independence Day. Aug. 13... Occupation Day. Nov. 27... Thanksgiving Day. Dec. 25. Christmas Day. Dec. 30 Rizal Day. The following religious holidays are also observed in the Philippines, but are not legal holidays: Mar. 19... St. Joseph. April 18... Good Friday. April 21.. Easter Monday. May 24... Victoria Day. June July 3... King's Birthday. Aug. 29*.. Nat'l Holiday-Com- * Banks do not close on these July 9... Founders' Day. bury only). Nov. 4*.. Occupation Day (Bu- Dec. 4... Shangani Day. ROUMAΝΙΑ. Mar. 25... Annunciation. Dec. 25... Christmas Day. June 29... St. Peter and St. Paul. July 25... St. James the Apostle. Dec. 26... Boxing Day. Aug. 15... Assumption. Sept. 8... Nativity. Jan. Nov. 1. All Saints' Day. Jan. Nov. 30...St. Andrew the Apostle Jan. (Manila). Jan. Dec. 8... Immaculate Concept'n. Jan. PERSIA. Jan. 7...Christmas Day (O.S.). 8...2d Xmas Day (O.S.). 9...3d Xmas Day (O.S.). SCOTLAND. (See United Kingdom.) Jan. 7. Christmas Day (O.S.). Jan. 27... St. Sava (O.S.). 14... New Year's Day (O.S.). June 28... "St. Vit" (O.S.). Day). Feb. 6... Unirea Princip'r (O.S.). Sept. 21*.. Nativity (O.Š.). April 20.. Easter Sunday. April 21... Easter Monday. May 6... St. George (O.S.). May 23... Anniv. King's Corona'n May 29... The Ascension. June 3... St. Constantine and St. Elena (O.S.). Sept. 27*.. Exalt'n of Cross (O.S.). Virgin Mary. Dec. 19*..St. Nicholas (O.S.). * Morning only observed. SIAM. Jan. 1... King's Birthday; New Feb. 11, 12, 13. Chinese New Yr. July 12... St. Peter and St. Paul April 1... Official New Year. (O.S.). Aug. 2... St. Ellas (O.S.). T April 18...Good Frid. (Bangkok). Sept. 27... Exalt'n of Cross (O.S.). June 3... King's B'day (Bang'k) July 28, 29, 30.. Nat. Ind. Days. Dec. 4... Presentation Blessed Oct. 24... End of Buddhist Lent. Aug. 15*..Assumption. Aug. 30... Santa Rosa. Sept. 8*.. Nativity. Sept. 24.. Nuestra Senora de las Oct. 12... Discovery of America. Origin of "Brother Jonathan." Mar. 19*.. San José (St. Joseph). April 17*. Holy Thursday. 75 April 7*.. Annunciat'n Theotokos Mar. 17... St. Patrick's Day (Ire (O.S.). April 17*.. Holy Thursday. April 18*.. Good Friday. April 21*.. Easter Monday. of Mehmed V. (Μ.). April 18*.. Good Friday (A. M.). April 27...Accession May 29... The Ascension. June 19*.. Corpus Christi. June 24*. St. John the Baptist. June 29... San Pedro Day. July 25... St. Iago, patr. of Spain. Aug. 15.. Assumption. Sept. 8*.. Nativity. Nov. 1., All Saints' Day. Dec. 8... Immaculate Concept'n. Dec. 25...Christmas Day. * Unofficial. May 1... May Day. Sultan June 3*. King's Birthday. April 27 or 28. Mirady Guedjesse May 24*.. Victoria Day. Aug. 5.. Bank Holiday. May 15 or 16.. "Leile Berat" (M.) Dec. May 30 or 31.. "Ramazan" (1st. Day) (M.). Jan. (In Scotland). 1. New Year's Day. June 9*.. Whit Monday. (Μ.). May 6... Bank Holiday. June 17 (or 18), April 6 or 7- Aug. 5... Bank Holiday. July 21... B'day Queen Mother. June 30... Cheker Bairam Second Oct. 24.. Birthday of the Queen. * Not established by law. The June 25 or 26.. "Leile Kader" (M) London Stock Exchange does not URUGUAY. Day or 1 day later (M.). 4 Nov. 30... B'day of Crown Prince. July 1... Cheker Bairam Third Jan: SWEDEN. Jan. 1... New Year's Day. May 29... The Ascension. June 9... Whit Monday. June 24... St. John the Baptist. Nov. 6*.. Gustav. Adolphus Day. Dec. 25... Christmas Day. Dec. 26...2d Christmas Day. Day (M.), or 1 day later. Sept. 5 to 8. Courban Bairam (4) April 18, 19, 20 (A).. Landing of Sept. 22... Birthday of the Sultan. May 18... Battle of Las Piedras. Dec. 5... Birth of the Prophet June 29*.. St. Peter and St. Paul. Dec. 16... Death of the Prophet. Aug. 15*.. Assumption. In addition to the above holidays usually observed by banks: April 19... Easter Eve. June 7... Whitsun Eve. June 23.. Midsummer Day. * Not legal holidays. SWITZERLAND. Jan. 1,2.. New Year's Holidays. April 17*.. Holy Thursday (A. M. at Basle and Zurich). April 18... Good Friday. April 19*.. Holy Sat'day (Zurich). April 21... Easter Monday. May 28... Eve of Ascension (A. M. in Basle and Zurich). May 29... The Ascension. June 9... Whit Monday. Aug. 1 Fed'at'n Day (Geneva). Dec. 25...Christmas Day. Dec. 26. Day after Christmas. Aug. 25... Ind. of Uruguay. * Holidays observed by banking Oct. 12. Columbus Day. 1*.. All Saints' Day. Bourse at Constantinople. (M) Dec. 8*.. Immaculate Concept'n. Dates for Mohammedan holidays Dec. 25... Christmas Day. are approximate only. (A) Celebrated every fourth year TURKEY IN ASIA (SMYRNA). -beginning 1864 (next celebration VENEZUELA. 1. New Year's Day. 6*.. The Epiphany. Mar. 25*.. Annunciation. April 19... Ist Movement for Ind. April 22.. Easter Tuesday. June 24. Battle of Carabobo. Bair-June 29*.. St. Peter and St. Paul. am (1st, 2d, and 3d days). Dec. 31*.. New Yrs. Eve (Geneva) Sept. 25-26. Mohammedan Sept. New Oct. Jan. 1*.. New Year's Day. Jan. 1... New Year's Day. 15*.. Assumption. 1*.. (*.. All Saints' Day. 8*.. Immaculate Concept'n. Dec. 19.. National Holiday. Dec. 25... Christmas Day. * Unofficial. WALES. (See United Kingdom). ORIGIN OF BROTHER JONATHAN." THE origin of this term, applied to the United States, is given in a recent number of the Norwich Courier. The editor says it was communicated by an intelligent gentleman, now upward of eighty years of age, who was an active participator in the scenes of the Revolution. The story is as follows: "When Gen. Washington, after being appointed Commander of the Army of the Revolution, came to Massachusetts to organize it and make preparations for the defense of the country, he found a great destitution of ammunition and other means necessary to meet the powerful foe he had to contend with, and great difficulty to obtain them. If attacked in such a condition the cause at once might be hopeless. On one occasion, at that anxious period, a consultation of the officers and others was had when it seemed no way could be devised to make such preparation as was necessary. His Excellency Jonathan Trumbull the elder, who was then Governor of the State of Connecticut, on whose judgment and aid the General placed the greatest reliance, remarked, we must consult "Brother Jonathan" on the subject. The General did so, and the Governor was successful in supplying many of the wants of the army. When difficulties later arose, and the army was spread over the country, it became a by-word, "we must consult Brother Jonathan." The term Yankee is still applied to a portion, but "Brother Jonathan" has now become a designation of the whole country, as John Bull has for England. 76 В. С. 1183 Fall of Troy. 1082 Era of the Great Pyramid. 878 Carthage founded. 776 Olympic Era began. 753 Foundation of Rome. Memorable Dates. MEMORABLE DATES. 588 Jerusalem taken by Nebuchadnezzar. 536 Restoration of the Jews under Cyrus. 509 Expulsion of Tarquins from Rome. 480 Xerxes defeated Greeks at Thermopylæ. 55 Cæsar conquered Britain. 4 Birth of Jesus Christ. A. D. 29 The Crucifixion. 70 Jerusalem was destroyed by Titus. 313 Constantine converted to Christianity. 410 The Romans abandoned Britain. 827 Egbert, first king of England, Oct. 14. 1066 Battle of Hastings, Norman Conquest. 1096 The Crusades began. 1172 Ireland was conquered by Henry II. 1431 Joan of Arc was burnt, May 30. 1455 The Wars of the Roses began. 1462 The Bible was first printed at Mentz. 1471 Caxton set up his printing press. 1483 Martin Luther born, Nov. 10. 1492 Columbus discovered America, Oct. 12. 1517 The Reformation began in Germany. 1519 Cortez began the conquest of Mexico. 1535 The first English Bible printed. 1539 Monasteries were closed in England. 1558 Accession of Queen Elizabeth, Nov. 17. 1564 Shakespeare born, April 23. 1565 Revolt of the Netherlands began. 1565 St. Augustine, Fla., settled. 1572 The St. Bartholomew Massacre, Aug. 24. 1588 The Spanish Armada defeated, July. 1603 Union of England and Scotland. 1607 Jamestown, Va., was settled, May 13. 1609 Hudson River first explored. 1616 Shakespeare died, April 23. 1618 Thirty Years' War in Germany began. 1620 Pilgrims by the Mayflower landed. 1623 Manhattan Island settled. 1634 Maryland settled by Roman Catholics. 1660 Restoration of the Stuarts. 1666 The great fire of_London began, Sept. 2. 1793 Cotton-gin Juvented by Whitney. 1793 Louis XVI. of France executed, Jan. 21. 1799 Bonaparte declared First Consul. 1801 Union of Great Britain and Ireland, Jan. 1. 1803 Louisiana purchased from the French. 1804 Bonaparte became Emperor of France. 1805 Battle of Trafalgar; death of Nelson. 1805 Battle of Austerlitz, Dec. 2. 1807 Robert E. Lee born, Jan. 19. 1807 Fulton's first steamboat voyage. 1812 Second war with Great Britain. 1812 The French expedition to Moscow. 1813 Perry's victory on Lake Erie, Sept. 10. 1814 The printing machine invented. 1814 Scott's "Waverley" published. 1814 Battle of Lake Champiain, McDonough's Vic tory, Sept. 11. 1815 Battle of New Orleans, Jan. 8. 1815 Battle of Waterloo, June 18. 1819 First steamship crossed the Atlantic. 1823 Monroe Doctrine declared, Dec. 2. 1828 First passenger railroad in United States. 1830 Revolution in France, Orleanist succession. 1835 Morse invented the telegraph. 1835 Seminole War in Florida began. 1835 Great fire in New York City, Dec. 16-17. 1837 Accession of Queen Victoria, June 20. 1845 Texas annexed. 1846 Sewing machine completed by Howe. 1846 British Corn Laws repealed, June 26. 1847 Battle of Chapultepec, Sept. 13. 1848 French Revolution. Republic succeeded. 1851 Gold discovered in Australia, Feb. 12. 1854 Japan opened by Commodore Perry. 1857 The Dred Scott decision. 1857 First Atlantic cable message, Aug. 4. 1831 Fort Sumter fired on, April 12. 1861 Battle of Bull Run, July 21. 1862 Battle of Antletam, Sept. 17. 1863 Lincoln's Emancipation Proclamation, Jan. 1. 1863 Battle of Gettysburg, July 1-3. 1664 New York conquered from the Dutch. 1664 The great plague of London. 1679 Habeas Corpus Act passed in England. 1682 Pennsylvania settled by Wm. Penn. 1685 Revocation of the Edict of Nantes. 1688 James II. abdicated, Dec. 11. 1690 Battle of the Boyne, July 1 (July 12 new style). 1865 President Lincoln assassinated, April 14. 1714 Accession of House of Hanover, Aug. 1. 1715 First Jacobite Rebellion in Great Britain; the 1871 The German Empire re-established. 1871 The great fire in Chicago, Oct. 8-11. 1876 Hallett's Reef (Hell Gate) blown up, Sept. 2. 1881 President Garfield shot, July 2. 1882 Tuberculosis germ discovered by Dr. Koch. 1883 Brooklyn Bridge opened, May 24. 1776 Battle of Fort Moultrie, Charleston, S. C., 1884 Bartholdi's Statue of Liberty presented to |