First Course in ChemistryWritten for the high school level, the First Course in Chemistry sets out to "develop the theoretical portions briefly and as a natural outcome of facts already presented, and to emphasize as much as possible the applications of chemistry in everyday life. ... In addition to the applications of metallurgy and to manufacturing which are always of interest an unusual amoutn of matter relating to agriculture, to household chemistry, and to santiation has been introduced. Since the compounds of carbon play so important a part in our daily life, [the author's] discussion has been made more ample than is usual in an elementary course, and the chapters devoted to these compounds have been brought into proper place in the text ..."--Preface. |
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action alcohol alloys aluminium ammonia ammonium atomic weights barium bleaching boiling point bromine burning calcium calcium hydroxide called carbon dioxide cent changes Chemical conduct Chemistry coal color colorless combine combustion commercial composition compounds contains copper crystals decomposes deposits dissolved electric electrolyte elements equation flame formula furnace gases glass H₂ H₂O H₂SO heat hydrochloric acid hydrogen chloride hydrogen sulfide insoluble ionization ions iron known laboratory lime liquid liters magnesium manganese manufacture materials melted mercuric oxide mercury metals method mineral mixture molecules nitrate nitric acid nitrogen obtained occurs oxidizing agent oxygen phosphate phosphorus platinum potassium chlorate powder precipitated prepared pressure properties pure quantities radium reaction readily salt shown silicates silicon silver soap sodium carbonate sodium hydroxide soluble in water solution substance sugar sulfate sulfur dioxide sulfuric acid temperature tion TOPICS FOR THEMES tube valence vapor volume white solid zinc
Popular passages
Page 186 - Avogadro's hypothesis, we have a simple means of deciding upon the relative weights of the various kinds of molecules ; for if equal volumes of two gases contain the same number of molecules, the weights of the two...
Page 72 - H,SO4, shows that its molecule consists of two atoms of hydrogen, one of sulfur, and four of oxygen.
Page 51 - Morley's results, 1 part by weight of hydrogen combines with 7.94 parts by weight of oxygen to form water.
Page 173 - ... leaf be submerged in water in the sunlight, bubbles will be seen continuously forming on the leaf surface and rising through the water. If light is excluded, the action will cease, and by increasing and decreasing the amount of light, it will be found that the process varies with the amount of light. An examination of this gas will show that it is oxygen. It has also been found that at the same time the oxygen is given off by the leaf, carbon dioxide (CO2) is taken in, and that the outgo of oxygen...
Page 89 - ... present not only varies with the locality, but varies widely from day to day in the same locality, because of the winds and changes in temperature. Processes affecting the composition of the air. The most important of these processes are the following : 1. Respiration. In the process of respiration some of the oxygen in the inhaled air is absorbed by the blood and carried to all parts of the body, where it combines with the hydrogen and carbon of the worn-out tissues. The products of oxidation...
Page 71 - ... 16, the quotient (5.55) will be the relative number of oxygen atoms in 100 parts of water. In like manner, if we divide the percentage of hydrogen (11.19) by the atomic weight of the element (1.008), the quotient (11.10) will express the relative number of hydrogen atoms in 100 parts of water. The two numbers, 5.55 and 11.10, therefore represent the ratio between the number of oxygen and hydrogen atoms in 100 g. of water. But this same ratio must hold for any other quantity of water, even for...
Page 51 - In this way it has been proved that 2 volumes of hydrogen and 1 volume of oxygen combine to form exactly 2 volumes of water vapor, the volumes all being measured under the same conditions of temperature and pressure. It will be noted that the relation between these volumes may be expressed by whole numbers. The significance of this very important fact will be discussed in a subsequent chapter.