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The bramble, black as jet, or sloes austere.
Hard fare! but such as boyish appetite
Disdains not, nor the palate, undepraved
By culinary arts, unsavoury deems."

The dog-rose is the most beautiful of the wild flowers contained in the rose tribe, but there are kindred flowers which, though less beautiful in appearance, are followed by more palatable fruit. Such is the common Bramble, flowering rather later than the rose, and affording a most abundant supply of berries, well known as blackberries. Such also is the Blue

Bramble, or Dewberry bush with small white or pale rosecoloured flowers, and large-grained fruit covered with a fine bloom, like that on the plum or grape. And such is likewise the Wood Strawberry, belonging to another family in the rose tribe.

There are other members of the same tribe now in blossom, and these we will proceed to notice. The pretty little herbs called Cinquefoil have received an accession to their numbers, most of the species being now in full beauty. The most common are the creeping and the silvery or hoary cinquefoil, with the silver weed or wild tansy. They bear bright yellow flowers, precisely of the same shape and character as those of the strawberry, and differing only in colour. There is a plant whose blossoms are very much like that of the cinquefoil, called Avens, or herb-bennet. It belongs to the Geum family in this tribe. But the leaves are different, and the fruit is a sort of bur, with stiff bristles. There are two other divisions of plants which, by some botanists, are included in the rose tribe, and by others reckoned distinct from it. These are the Apple and the Almond tribes, including our most delicious fruits. It is of little consequence whether we consider them as one tribe or three; they are so closely allied to each other in many particulars that an acquaintance with one affords a knowledge of the chief characteristics of all.

The plants of another, and a still more conspicuous tribe, are now blossoming in our fields to the annoyance of the farmer. This is the Poppy Tribe, a few species of which grow abundantly among corn, and are known as red-weed, while another species furnishes the destructive drug, opium, so injurious to a large portion of the human race. Besides these, there is the horned poppy on our sea-coasts, so named from its bearing long stiff horns instead of round poppy-heads for seed-vessels and some others. A beautiful plant belonging to this natural order, brought from Escholt's Bay, and called Escholtzia, is now common in gardens. We notice it here merely to introduce a

remark of Dr. Lindley's concerning it, which explains a common occurrence in plants.

"The flower of this species before it expands is enclosed in a taper-pointed green sheath, shaped like a hutkin, which is pushed off by degrees as the petals unfold, and at last drops to the ground. This is the calyx, which, like that of the poppy, is formed of two sepals; these sepals grow so firmly together by their edges, where they touch each other, that when the time for them to fall off arrives, they are unable to separate; but as it is absolutely indispensable to the plant that the calyx should in some way or other be got rid of, in order to enable the flower to expand, nature has provided the calyx with the means of separating from the stalk by its base; and thus it is pushed off."

To the Poppy Tribe also belongs the greater Celandine, which grows in shady lanes and waste ground, and may be known by its pale green cut leaves, small yellow flowers, and by the orange-coloured juice which issues from it as we pluck it. In many particulars, plants of the Poppy Tribe closely resemble those of the Crowfoot Tribe; but there is this important difference; a milky fluid abounds in poppies, and flows out, if we break a leaf or stem: while the fluids in plants of the Crowfoot Tribe are watery and transparent. Numerous plants of the latter tribe are now in blossom. The meadows look rich with the different species, among which the showy Marsh Marigold still shines conspicuous. A very beautiful family included in the Crowfoot Tribe has for several weeks past enlivened the copses, the lanes, or open pastures, where the different species are found. This is the Anemone, or Wind-flower family, so well known in the cultivated state as affording hardy and handsome plants for our gardens. But those persons who have seen the delicate blossoms of the Wood Anemone opening in rich profusion before them, as they explored some tangled thicket, or green lane over-arched with boughs, and sheltered from the summer heat, will scarcely admit that any of the cultivated species are comparable with the wild flowers. In these moist and shady situations the wood-anemone attains a luxuriant growth, and is much more beautiful than when found, as is sometimes the case, on open heaths. This plant is about a foot in height, with leaves much divided, and single fair white blossoms of six petals, the outer sides of which have a purplish tint. There is a species with dull violet petals, silky on the outside, which grows in open pastures. It is smaller of growth and less remarkable for beauty than the wood anemone; but it agreeably enlivens the scanty vegetation among which it is found. This species is called the Pasque flower.

WHAT IS THE CHURCH DOING FOR EDUCATION?

S. COLUMBA; SHOREHAM; S. PHILIP'S, HARLOW.

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ways

IN accordance with the intention which we expressed two months ago, we now return to the very interesting Journal of S. Columba by Mr. Sewell, with more especial reference to the establishment of S. Peter's College, Radley, near Oxford. Those who know anything of Mr. Sewell's own former writings, as well as those which he has edited, such as Amy Herbert," "Laneton Parsonage," &c., will not require to be told that his views on education are sound and healthy. In our own days there has been raised a great cry in behalf of a secular education, separated from religion. Than this nothing can be more dangerous to the common weal, or produce more mischievous results both to individuals and the Church. The moment we can as a nation realize the idea, that the care of the Church's children is to be intrusted to the State, or in other words that it is the duty of the State and not the Church to educate, we are in a most dangerous and perilous situation. To separate religion from education is to cut off the branch from the stem, and deprive it of all means of obtaining sap and nourishment. The mind may be skilled in all the discoveries of science, and the achievements of intellectual greatness: a man or a child may be taught to track the of the skies, or to penetrate into the depths of the earth: he may drink large and copious draughts from the fountain of literature -and what then? Why, a weapon has been placed in his hands which he knows not how to use, and which he may turn at any instant against himself and those with whom he is connected. He may then dream of fancied rights of which he considers himself deprived, and may persuade others of weaker minds to unite with him in efforts to obtain them. How Churchmen could ever be brought for a single instant to entertain such an opinion, we are at a loss to imagine. There is, we conceive, only one principle of education; and one voice-the voice of the Church, we are bound to obey. The children for whose wellbeing we are solicitous, have been brought to the font, dedicated to GOD in infancy, made members of CHRIST, children of Gor, and heirs of the kingdom of heaven. And as soon as their reason begins to dawn, they must be taught from this point-this, and this only. Their duties and privileges as baptized Christians must be the foundation of all the training to which they must be subjected. Touching them the command is that they be taught the Creed, the LORD's Prayer, the Ten Commandments

in the vulgar tongue, and be further instructed in the Church Catechism as set forth for that purpose. Such an education, as has been recently observed, makes "obedient children, loyal subjects, honest Churchmen, and good Christians." To dream of any other plan than this, is to sanction a system fraught with the seeds of infidelity, and to contravene the direct and positive injunctions of our branch of CHRIST'S Holy Church. Mr. Sewell, however, is not among the number of those who thus act. In his preface the principles on which he is guided are stated in the following words :

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Regarding the Prayer-book as the statute law of the English Church, he accepted its guidance most gladly and most unreservedly. And whenever its voice was clear, he resolved to comply with it fully, as far as lay in him, without either omission or addition; lest a licence of eclecticism in any point should ultimately extend to all. The Prayer-book prescribed a daily service both morning and evening. He thought it better even to run the risk, little as he apprehended it in reality, of occasional weariness, than to set before both teachers and pupils an example of disobedience, and a practical condemnation of the Church. The Prayer-book places all those engaged in education stringently under the control of their Bishop. He has done the same. The Prayer-book makes the Catechism the basis of religious instruction. He has taken no other. The Prayer-book appoints holidays and feasts. He has commanded them to be celebrated. And the Prayer-book names days and seasons of fasting. And he has enjoined their observance also. He could not by any honest construction reconcile it to his conscience to interpret the words in this point, as a mere permission to fast if we like it, or as any thing short of an injunction and obligation to fast which has never been cancelled, and which there is no authority to suppose was ever intended to be cancelled. And he did not dare to admit a principle of non-natural interpretation here which would equally justify one class of minds in evading the Articles, and another in falsifying the Baptismal Service. Moreover we are fallen on days, in which the battle of the Church (it may be the battle for all that is good) has resolved itself into a struggle to maintain and hold fast an external law over our actions, and an external rule of doctrine over our faith. This is in one word the summary of all those conflicts of opinions and parties in which the interests of the world are now perilled. Nowhere for Englishmen is such an external authority definitely established as in the Prayer-book. Round this we may rally. And on this we may rest (blessed be the SPIRIT which inspired it) as on a rock.

"No one who has honestly listened to its voice, will complain

of indistinctness. No one who has obeyed its commands, will doubt its power to bring him unto GOD. But if on one side it is surrendered up to be overloaded by a doctrine of developement, and on the other allowed to be defaced by a licence of evasion, what is to become of truth? and with the loss of truth, what is to become of the world ?"

Such are the sentiments of the founder of S. Peter's. The College is now open, and the Bishop of Oxford has consented to act as visitor. But we will let Mr. Sewell state in his own words what has already been done.

"On the 6th of last March it was resolved with GOD's blessing to venture on the undertaking. On Whitsun Eve, after examining and comparing other sites, Radley Hall was fixed on and taken possession of: and every day since has confirmed the view then taken of its eligibility, whether looking to the healthfulness and cheerfulness of the position, its security from an objectionable neighbourhood, the unpretending solidity and spaciousness of the building, the advantages of the best society obtainable by its proximity to Oxford, and, what is scarcely less important, the cordial and invaluable co-operation of the proprietor of the estate. On June 9th, the warden and two fellows were inducted into their office in the presence of a few private friends. The foundation also was commenced of a temporary chapel, capable of being erected at a comparatively small cost, and made available if necessary on a future permanent site. On the 18th of August the college was ready for the reception of pupils; and three have already been admitted, and nearly forty more applications are contemplated. And at the same time the body of statutes having been carefully and minutely examined by the Bishop of Oxford, was approved by his Lordship, who also gave his consent to act as visitor of the college.

"In fitting of the house an attempt has been made, as it was made before at S. Columba's, to give to a perfectly plain structure something of a collegiate tone and character, some aspect of that dignity which is required to teach boys reverence through the eye. I had no thousands like other greater institutions to expend in building. And a sum short of £300 has been devoted to this purpose, above what would have been required to furnish the house in an ordinary style. I should regret that even this essential part of the system should be supposed to have been created at an extravagant cost. It still remains to build a dormitory, a hall, and a school-room, the estimate for which is about £6000.

"What has been done already, has been done by hands which deeply feel their own unworthiness to offer to their SAVIOUR any sacrifice, and yet have not dared to shrink from a bounden

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