(2) The best Hebrew Grammar on the Masoretic plan, is perhaps that by Mr. Israel Lyons, published by Lunn. Of Parkhurst's Grammar, prefixed to his Lexicon, the Editor of the British Critic has remarked, that "the experience of thirty years, has evinced it to be, beyond comparison, the best introduction to the Hebrew Language which ever made its appearance." The reader should observe, that this is an AntiMasoretic Grammar. Frey's Hebrew Grammar may be recommended to the student as a very useful one in acquiring the language.

(k) Opitius' Atrium Linguæ Sanctæ, Lips. 1710; Bythner's Lyra Prophetica, 4to Lond. 1664; and Leusden's Clavis Veteris Testamenti, Ultraj. 4to. 1683; are become extremely scarce. Opitius' Hebrew Lexicon, and Baldovius' Grammar are works, of which, notices have been sought in vain. There is another piece on a similar plan, Robertson's Clavis Pentateuchi, 1 vol. Svo. Edinburgi, 1770, but it must likewise be numbered among scarce works. These volumes, independently of their rarity are calculated for those only who are acquainted with the Latin.

(2) Opitius' Lexicon is become completely scarce, and I know of no Hebrew Lexicon on the same plan. When the student is advanced, Parkhurst's Hebrew and English Lexicon, Lond. 4to. 1792, and royal 8vo. 1800, may be safely recommended, Stockii Clavis Linguæ sanctæ veteris Testamenti, 8vo. Lips. 1753," is," says Dr. E. Williams, "a work of uncommon merit, in consulting which, the serious biblical student is seldom disappointed."

Buxtorfii Lexicon Hebraic. et Chald. Bas. 1735, 8vo. is much esteemed. But Frey's Hebrew Dictionary, in which the words are ranged alphabetically, and not according to the roots is beyond all comparison the best for the Hebrew student.

(m) Johannis Leusdeni Compendium Biblicum, 8vo. Ultraj.

1668.

(n) Those, however, who have not the advantage of a Tutor's assistance must not despond. "Nobody," says Mr. Locke, "knows what strength of parts he himself has, until he has tried them; and of the understanding, one may most truly say, that its force is greater generally than it thinks, until it is put to it, Vires acquirit eundo.' The proper remedy here is, but to set the mind to work, and apply the thoughts vigorously to the business; for it holds in the struggles of the mind, as in those of war, 'dum putant se vincere, vicêre;" a persuasion that we shall overcome any difficulties that we meet with in the sciences, seldom fails to carry us through them. Nobody knows the strength of his own mind, and the force of steady and regular application, until he has tried."

(0) Biblia sine Punctis, 8vo. Lugd. Bat. Men, ben. Israel, about 1680. As a portable Bible, the following is recommended.-Biblia Hebraica sine Punctis; versibus, capitibus, et sectionibus interstincta, notisque Masoretarum quas Kri et Ktif appellant instructa, ad Leusdenianam Editionem adornata. Amstel. 1701, 18mo. "This is a very small pocket size, and a beautiful little book. The Wetsteins of Amsterdam printed Leusden's Greek Testament on paper of exactly the same size, to bind up with the Bible. The best edition of the Testament for this purpose, appears to be that of 1740, Amst. by Wetstein and Smith." Dr. A. Clarke.

(p) The ancient Jews divided the Bible into three parts; the Law, the Prophets, and the Hagiographa; for a detailed account of which the reader is referred to Buck's Theological Dictionary, vol. 1, p. 76; or the Encyclopædia Perthensis, vol. 3, p. 614. It is sufficient to notice here, that the Hagiographs

comprehends the Psalms; Proverbs; Ecclesiastes ; Canticles; Job; Ruth; the Lamentations; Esther; Daniel; Ezra (including Nehemiah ;) and the Chronicles. Of these, a part of Daniel and Ezra is in the Chaldee dialect.

(9) John Conrad Danhawer, a German Divine of the Lutheran Church, born at Brisgaw, in 1603. He was Professor of Eloquence at Strasburgh, where he died in 1666. (Moreri.) His works I have never seen.

(r) 1. Blackwall's Sacred Classics, 2 vols. 8vo. London, 1727-1737, &c. "is a work that gives many well chosen instances of passages in the classics which may justify many of those in Scripture that have been accounted solecisms."-Dr. Doddridge. It was indeed written, to prove that the Greek of the New Testament was classically just; but it is generally allowed that the learned author failed in his main object; nor did the cause of truth require that he should succeed. It is, however, a most valuable production. The Latin scholar is referred to the following translation of it, which, says Dr. A. Clarke, "is much more valuable than the English Original, being enriched with many critical observations, by the learned editor."-Blackwalli Sacri Classici a Wollio, 4to. Lips. 1736. 2. Pfeifferi Opera Omnia, 1 vol. Ultraj. 1704.

(s) Glassi Salomonis Philologia Sacra, 4to. Lips. 1725; and 2 vols. 8vo. Lips. 1776. Dr. E. Williams notices editions 4to. 1743, 1776, a Dathio. This "immortal Work," as Mosheim styles it, requires no testimony in its favour.

(t) 1. Clavis Scripturæ Selectæ, seu de Sermone sacrarum Literarum; auctore Matt. Flacco (often written Flacio) Illyrico. Basil. Oporinus. 1567, fol.

(u) Buxtorfii Thesaurus Grammaticus, Basil. 1609.

(v) 1. Antonius Schorus, de Ratione discendæ docendæque Linguæ Græcæ et Latinæ, Argent. 1549, 8vo. et Argent. 1571, 8vo.

2. Antonii Schori Phrases Linguæ Latina è Cicerone collectæ Basil. 1550, 8vo.

(w) The commentaries of Drusius, Grotius, &c. are in the Critici Sacri, Lond. fol. 1660.

(x) Philippi Herwarti Compendium, &c. of which an edi. tion was edited about the year 1670, by Frischmuth, a learned German.

(y) 1. The Chaldee parts of Holy Writ are, of course, printed in all editions of the Hebrew Bible; and the translation, in our own authorized version. The Chaldee much resembles the Hebrew.

2. "The Targum" is the designation given to the Chaldee paraphrases of the books of the Old Testament, of which there are no less than nine. Seven of them are written in the corrupt Jerusalem dialect of the Chaldee language; but the Chaldee of Onkelos and Jonathan is classical and pure." The two latter, have been printed by Jo. Buxtorf, in his great Hebrew Bible, 4 tom. fol. Basilia, 1620; and all of them, except the Targum of Rabbi Joseph the Blind, on the two books of Chronicles (the M. S. of which was not then discovered,) are printed in the London Polyglott. See also the second Edition of the Great Bible, Venice, 4 tom. fol. Bomberg. 1548.

(z) '' (Michlal Iophi,) Perfectio Pulchritudinis, seu Commentarius in loca selecta vocesque et res difficiliores Sacræ Scripturæ a R. Selemone Ben Melech; cum an oph Spicilegio, seu rerum præteritarum et intermissarum; Authore R. Jacob. Abendana. Amst. 4to. Anno a Mundi condito 5421. This edition is in the Library of the London Society.

Biblia sacra Hebraica et Chaldaica, cum Masora, &c. edente Jo. Buxtorfio, Basiliæ, 1620, 4 tom. fol. This is Buxtorf's Bible, mentioned in the last note.

For a complete account of the writings of the Rabbins, the reader is referred to Bartolocci Julii Bibliotheca magna Rabbinica, de Scriptoribus et Scriptis Hebraicis, Romæ, 1675, 4 vol. fol. and to Imbonati Bibliotheca Latino-Hebraica, &c. Romæ, 1694, fol.