B.C.

CHRONICLE OF THE MARBLES OF PAROS.

First. From Cecrops, who first reigned in Athens, and 1582 gave the name of Cecropia to all the country, which previously had been called Attica, from Acteus, who resided there, elapsed 1318 years to Diognetus, the archon of Athens. (263 years before the Christian Era.)

Second. From Deucalion, who began to reign in Lycorea, 1574 near Mount Parnassus, under the reign of Cecrops, at Athens, elapsed a period of 1310 years. To Diognetus, the arehon, (and so in succession for the other epochas.)

Third. From the period when Mars and Neptune pleaded 1532 on the subject of the death of Halirothius, son of Neptune, (whom Mars had killed,) and it was from his Greek name Asius, that the Council of Areopagita was so called, elapsed 1268 years, Cranaus being then king of Athens. (Query the first year of his reign.)

Fourth. From the Deluge, which took place under Deu- 1529 calion, who, to escape the waters, quitted Lycorea, and retired to Athens, where he erected a temple, and sacrificed to Jupiter, who had preserved his life, elapsed 1265 years; Cranaus then reigning over Athens.

Fifth. From the time when Amphictyon, son of Deuca- 1522 lion, reigned in Thermopyle, and having collected the neighbouring inhabitants, gave them the name of Amphictyons, and called the spot Pylea, where the Amphictyons uniformly sacrificed, elapsed 1258 years, (which occurred under Amphictyon, king of Athens, the second year of his reign.)

Sixth. From the period of Hellen, son of Deucalion, who 1521 reigned in Phthiotis, and gave the name of Hellenians to the natives, who had previously been called Greeks, and that the games or Panathenæan combats, were established at Athens under the reign of Amphictyon, king of Athens, elapsed a period of 1257 years.

Seventh. From the time when Cadmus, son of Agenor, 1519 arrived at Thebes, according to the oracles, and built Cadmea, under the reign of Amphictyon, king of Athens, elapsed a term of 1255 years.

Eighth. From the era of Eurotas and Lacedæmon, who 1516 began to reign conjointly in Laconia, under the reign of Amphictyon, king of Athens, elapsed 1252 years.

Ninth. From the time when the first vessel named Pen- 1511 tecontorus was navigated from Egypt into Greece, by Danaus, who first arrived at the Isle of Rhodes, (with his fifty

B.C. daughters,) who erected a kind of temple, and sacrificed to Minerva on the banks of the Lindus, through the adminis tration of Helice and Archidice, two from amongst them who were chosen by casting lots; Ericthonius being then king of Athens, elapsed a term of 1247 years.

1506

1434

1409

Tenth. Ericthonius, king of Athens, celebrated the famous Panathenæan games; adding chariots to the combats, and gave the Athenians their name; the statue of the mother of the gods was discovered on Mount Cybelus. Hyægnis, of Phrygia, invented the flute at Celcena, a Phrygian city, as well as other musical harmonious sounds, in honour of the mother of the gods, of Bacchus, Pan, and other divinities of the country, as well as heroes and events which took place under Ericthonius, king of Athens; since which has elapsed a period of 1242 years.

Eleventh. From the period when Minos the ancient, began his reign'in Crete, where he built the city of Cydoni, (now Canea,) and that iron was discovered on mount Ida, by the Dactyles, Celmi, and Damnaneus, under Pandion, king of Athens, has transpired a period of 1168 years.

Twelfth. From the time when Ceres, arriving at Athens, taught the manner of sowing seeds in the earth, and sent Triptolemus, son of Peleus and Nerea, into other countries, to instruct them in the same art, under Erectheus, king of Athens, has elapsed a term of 1145 years.

1406. Thirteenth. From the æra when Triptolemus sowed grain at Raria, since called Eleusis, under Erectheus, king of Athens, has elapsed a period of 1142 years.

1399

1326

Fourteenth. From the time when the poems appeared on the subject of the rape of Proserpine, after the research made by her mother Ceres, and the fables which concern those who received seeds from her, under the reign of Erectheus, has transpired the term of 1135 years.

Fifteenth. From the time when Eumolpus, son of Musæus, established the Eleusinian mysteries, and published the poems of his father, under Erectheus, king of Athens, son of Pandion, has elapsed a period of

Sixteenth. From the time when the first lustration (or purification) for the murder of . under Pandion, the second son of Cecrops, has transpired a term of 1062 years.

Seventeenth. From the æra of the first establishment of the Gymnastic combats at Eleusis, under the reign of Pandion, the second son of Cecrops

Eighteenth. From the period when human sacrifices and

the Lycæa or Lupercalia were established in Arcadia, Ce- B.C. crops, son of Pandion, then reigning at Athens, has elapsed

Nineteenth. From the time when a lustration was performed at Athens; that Hercules was first initiated into the Eleusinian mysteries, and that a small temple was built under Egeus, king of Athens.

Twentieth. From the period of the great dearth that oc- 1295 curred, upon which the oracle of Apollo was consulted, who gave for answer, that it was requisite Minos should be appeased according to his demand, under Egeus, king of Athens, has transpired a term of 1031 years.

Twenty-first. From the time when Theseus united the 1259 twelve cantons of Athenians, to constitute only one city of the same, and that he introduced into Athens, of which city he was king, a species of democratical government, and instituted the Isthmian games and combats, after Scinis was killed, has elapsed a period of 995 years.

Twenty-second. From the æra of Amnon

under the reign of Theseus, at Athens, has transpired a term of 992 years.

1256

Twenty-third. From the time when Eteocles, Adrastus, 1251 and Amphiaraus reigned at Argos, and instituted the Nemean games and combats, Theseus then reigning at Athens, has elapsed 987 years.

Twenty-fourth. From the æra when the Greeks under- 1218 took the war against Troy, in the 13th year of Menestheus, king of Athens, has transpired a period of 954 years.

Twenty-fifth. From the taking of Troy, by the Greeks, 1209 to the end of the seventh day of the month Thargelion, (April and May,) in the 22d year of Menestheus, king of Athens, have elapsed 945 years.

Twenty-sixth. From the period when Orestes (after kill- 1206 ing Clytemnestra, his mother, and Ægisthus, her favourite,) was cured of his insanity in Scythia, and having been accused by Erigone, daughter of Ægisthus, was absolved by the Areopagita by an equality of votes, under Demophon, king of Athens, have elapsed a period of 942 years.

Twenty-seventh. From the time of Teucer, who erected 1202 Salamis, in the island of Cyprus, under Demophon, king of Athens, have elapsed 938 years.

Twenty-eighth. From the period when Neleus (quitting 1077 Greece) inhabited Miletium, in Caria, where he re-united the Ionians who had followed him, and built Ephesus, Erythræ, Clazomenæ, Teos, Lebedos, Colophon, Myus, Phocæa, Priene, Samos, and Chios, and that the Panionian games were

B.C. instituted, have transpired a period of 813 years, and this was the 13th year of the government of Neleus, (or of Medon, at Athens.)

944

Twenty-ninth. From the period when the poet Hesiod flourished under Megacles, archon of Athens, has transpired a period of 680 years.

907 Thirtieth. From the era of the poet Homer, under Diognetus, the archon, have elapsed 643 years.

895

758

684

682

645

605

594

591

582

Thirty-first. From the time when Phidon, of Argos, was administrator (the eleventh from the time of Hercules,) who invented weights and measures, and caused money to be struck, in the island of Ægina, under Diognetus, the archon of Athens, has elapsed a term of 631 years.

Thirty-second. From the era of Archias, son of Evagetes, the tenth from Temenus, who conducted a colony from Corinth to Syracuse, has transpired a period of 494 years.

Thirty-third. From the time when Creon was first yearly archon of Athens, has elapsed the term of 420 years.

Thirty-fourth. From the æra when the poet Tyrtæus entered into the army of the Lacedæmonians, under Lysias, the archon of Athens, has transpired an epoch of 418 years.

Thirty-fifth. From the time when Terpander, son of Derdemues, of the island of Lesbos, performed lyric airs upon his flute, and that he was accused before the people at Lacedemon, who sent him back absolved; Dropilus then being archon of Athens; have transpired 381 years.

Thirty-sixth. From the time when Alyattes reigned over the Lydians, under Aristocles, archon of Athens, has elapsed a term of 341 years.

Thirty-seventh. From the time when Sappho left Mytelene and embarked for Sicily, under Critias, the archon for the first time, Syracuse having then attained great power, has clapsed a period of 330 years.

Thirty-eighth. From the period when the Amphictyons were conquerors and became masters of Cyrrhus, and that Agon was deputed to preside over the Gymnastic games, and received the surname of Chrematites, from the spoils that were distributed to the conquerors, Simon being then archon of Athens, has transpired a term of 327 years.

Thirty-ninth. From the time when the Pythian games were celebrated anew, and that the vietors only received laurel crowns, Damasias then being archon of Athens, for the second time, has elapsed a period of 318 years.

Fortieth. From the era when comedies were first represented on the theatre at Athens, by Susarion and Dolon, of Icarus, who received by way of recompense a basket of figs

and a cask of wine, which they conveyed in a chariot with B.C four wheels, has elapsed a term of

Forty-first. From the time that Pisistratus made himself 561 tyrant at Athens, under the archon Comias, has elapsed a term of 297 years.

Forty-second. From the period when Croesus reigning in 556 Asia, consulted the oracle of Delphos, Eutydemos then being archon of Athens, has elapsed a period of 292 years.

Forty-third. From the time when Cyrus, king of Persia, 542 took Sardis, and made Croesus prisoner, who had been deceived by the Pythia, has elapsed a term of 278 years. At that period flourished Hipponax, an Iambic poet.

Forty-fourth. From the period when Thespis, the poet, of 536 Icarus, performed the earliest play, being the tragedy of Alcestis, which was represented on a chariot, and for which he received by way of recompense a buck, Alceus being at that juncture archon of Athens, for the first time, has expired a period of 272 years.

Forty-fifth. From the time when Darius became king of 521 Persia, after having destroyed the magi, has expired a term of or 256 years.

522

Forty-sixth. From the time when Harmodius and Aristo- 516 giton killed Hipparchus, son of Pisistratus, the tyrant of Athens, has transpired a term of 252 years.

From the æra when the Pisistratida were expelled Athens, 512 under the archon Clystemus, has transpired a term of 248 years.

Forty-seventh. From the time when the harmony produced 508 by several voices singing in a choir was practised, and that Hyppodicus and Chalcidus acquired the first prize in that art under the archon Isagoras, has transpired a period of 244 years.

Forty-eighth. From the time when Hippias, one of the 495 Pisistratidæ, expelled from Athens, excited the Persians to make war against his country, has expired a period of 321 years.

Forty-ninth. From the time when the battle of Marathon took place, between the Athenians and the Persians, when the Satrap, Artaphernes' nephew, and general of Darius, was defeated, has expired a period of 227 years. The poet Eschylus, then 37 years of age, was present at that battle.

490

Fiftieth. From the time when the poet Simonides, grand- 489 father of another Simonides, also a poet, flourished at Athens, that Darius died, and that Xerxes, his son, succeeded to the kingdom of Persia, under Aristides, archon of Athens, has transpired a period of 225 years.