Elements of GeologyJames Kay, Jun. and Brother, 1839 - 316 Seiten |
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Häufige Begriffe und Wortgruppen
Alps altered ancient aqueous argillaceous augite basalt beds bottom calcareous called carbonate of lime Carboniferous clay clay-slate coal colour composed conglomerate consist containing corals crag cretaceous crystalline crystals denudation deposits dikes distinct earth earth's crust England Eocene feet felspar fish fissures flint formations fossil fossiliferous strata fragments freshwater genera genus Geol geologists gneiss granite green-sand greenstone horizontal hornblende hypogene igneous land lava layers Lias limestone lower marine marl mass metamorphic rocks mica mica-schist mineral character mineral composition mountain Newer Pliocene observed occur Old Red sandstone Oolite organic remains origin pebbles period plants Pliocene plutonic rocks porphyry Principles of Geology quartz recent resembling rivers sand schist sediment sedimentary seen shale siliceous Silurian slate slaty sometimes species stone strata stratified structure supposed surface syenite tertiary texture thickness tion trachyte Trans tuffs upper volcanic rocks Wealden white chalk zoophytes
Beliebte Passagen
Seite 155 - Poets that lasting marble seek Must carve in Latin or in Greek; We write in sand, our language grows, And, like the tide, our work o'erflows.
Seite 37 - The upper valve is almost invariably wanting, though occasionally found in a perfect state of preservation in the white chalk at some distance. In this case we see clearly that the sea-urchin first lived from youth to age, then died and lost its spines, which were carried away. Then the young Crania adhered to the...
Seite 205 - The regular and uniform preservation of this thin bed of black earth over a distance of many miles, shows that the change from dry land to the state of a freshwater lake or estuary, was not accompanied by any violent denudation, or rush of water, aince the loose black earth, together with the trees which lay prostrate on its surface, must inevitably have been swept away had any such violent catastrophe then taken place.
Seite 142 - ... in passing to a solid state, can account for the phenomenon. It must be referred to crystalline or polar forces acting simultaneously, and somewhat uniformly, in given directions, on large masses having a homogeneous composition.
Seite 14 - On the contrary, he can show that they have acquired their actual configuration and condition gradually, under a great variety of circumstances, and at successive periods, during each of which distinct races of living beings have flourished on the land and in the waters, the remains of these creatures still lying buried in the crust of the earth.
Seite 142 - Herschel, in allusion to slaty cleavage, has suggested, " that if rocks have been so heated as to allow a commencement of crystallization; that is to say, if they have been heated to a point at which the particles can begin to move amongst themselves, or at least on their own axes, some general law must then determine the position in which these particles will rest on cooling. Probably that position will have some relation to the direction in which the beat escapes. Now, when all, or a majority of...
Seite 166 - TJWC, eos, dawn, and iracvoc, cainos, recent, because the fossil shells of this period contain an extremely small proportion of living species, which may be looked upon as indicating the dawn of the existing state of the testaceous fauna, no recent species having been detected in the older or secondary rocks.