Applied Chemistry: Manufacture of glass. Starch. Tanning. Caoutchouc; its properties and applications. Borax and the boracic lagoons. Soap. Sulphur and sulphuric acid. Soda manufacture

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Edward Andrew Parnell
Taylor and Walton, 1844

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Seite 8 - Yet by some such fortuitous liquefaction was mankind taught to procure a body at once in a high degree solid and transparent, which might admit the light of the sun, and exclude the violence of the wind: which might extend the sight of the philosopher to new ranges of existence, and charm. him at one time with the unbounded extent of the material...
Seite 8 - Who, when he saw the first sand or ashes, by a casual intenseness of heat, melted into a metalline form, rugged with excrescences, and clouded with impurities, would have imagined, that in this shapeless lump lay concealed so many conveniences of life, as would in time constitute a great part of the happiness of the world...
Seite 9 - ... old age with subsidiary sight. Thus was the first artificer in glass employed, though without his own knowledge or expectation. He was facilitating and prolonging the enjoyment of light, enlarging the avenues of science, and conferring the highest and most lasting pleasures ; he was enabling the student to contemplate nature, and the beauty to behold herself.
Seite 351 - East, with these, exchanging them for raw cotton, silk, wine, raisins, indigo, &c., &c., we can understand why the English government should have resolved to resort to war with Naples, in order to abolish the sulphur monopoly, which the latter power attempted recently to establish. Nothing could be more opposed to the true interests of Sicily than such a monopoly; indeed, had it been...
Seite 198 - ... four feet below the surface of the ground. This serves both as a drain for discharging the water of the vault, and to admit damp, cool air, to supply the place of that which has become rarefied, and thus keep up a current through the ventilator at top. The ridge of the roof may be level with the surface of the ground; on the ridge, and extending its whole length, set up two planks, edgewise, two inches apart.
Seite 199 - In the course of a few days, when the hair begins to loosen upon the upper parts, take them down, raise the middle bar, and hang them by the other end until they will easily unhair. The hides should not be broken until they are taken from the vault, and ready to unhair. In a good vault, where the thermometer ranges from 44° to 56°...
Seite 160 - If we look abroad on the instruments of husbandry, on the implements used in most mechanic trades, on the structure of a multitude of engines and machines ; or if we contemplate at home the necessary parts of our clothing, breeches, shoes, boots, gloves, or the furniture of our houses, the books on our shelves, the harness of our horses, and even the substance of our carriages, what do we see but instances of human industry exerted upon Leather ? What an aptitude has this single material, in a variety...
Seite 198 - ... feet. The covering of earth upon the vault and drain is to preserve a low temperature for the hides, so that they may unhair without tainting. Spring water should be conducted, either in pipes or logs, around the angles formed by the ceiling with the walls of the vault, from which water should be allowed to flow in small quantities, either forming a spray, or falling so as to raise a mist or vapour, and saturate the atmosphere of the vault.
Seite 269 - As you approach the lagoons, the earth seems to pour out boiling -water, as if from volcanoes of various sizes, in a variety of soils, but chiefly of chalk and sand. The heat in the immediate...
Seite 274 - The steam, which has been so ingeniously applied to the concentration and evaporation of the boracic acid, will probably hereafter, instead of wasting itself in the air, be, employed to move huge engines, which will be directed to the infinite variety of production which engages the attention of labouring and intelligent artisans ; and thus, in...

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