ick, the Lord Admiral, (Lord Howard,) Lord Hunsdon, Sir hristopher Hatton, and Sir Francis Walsingham, were then with br. In Murdin's State Papers is the copy of a manuscript, in Lrd Burleigh's own writing, specifying the rooms in which the sceral persons belonging to her court were to be accommodated. Ir1593, her Majesty's stay at Theobalds was prolonged to nine des. Each of these visits is said to have cost the Lord Treasurer fra 2000l. to 3000l. The Queen lay there at his Lordship's chige, sometymes three weeks and a month together,' says the wrer of his Life. Her Majesty had also sometymes straungers ancambassadors came to her at Theobalds, where she hath beyn sen in as great royalty, and served as bountifully and magnificeny, as at anie other tyme or place, all at his Lordship's chardg: withrich shows, pleasant devices, and all manner of sports that coldbe devised, to the greate delight of her Majesty, and her whol traine, with greate thanks from all who partook of it, and as grate commendation from all that heard of it abroad.' The usual expense of his house-keeping at Theobalds was 801. per week: his stables cost him a thousand marks (6661. 13s. 4d.) per annum. The sum of 101. per week was allotted to setting the poor to ork in his garden; and 20s. a week was distributed by the Vicaof Cheshunt, as his Almoner.

"Lor Burleigh was succeeded at Theobalds by his son Robert, afterward created Earl of Salisbury, who, like his father, proved one of tl ablest statesmen of his time. On the third of May, 1603, hentertained King James the First on his way from Scotland, why he came to take possession of the crown of this kingdom. He the Lords of the Council paid their homage: the King appated several new Members, both of the English and the Scotch nolity, and made twenty-eight Knights. His Majesty,' says Stow, staid four days, with entertainment such, and so costly, as hard can be expressed, considering the multitudes that thi ther resortl, besides the train; none going thence unsatisfied.” In 1606, te Earl gave a second entertainment to King James, and to Christoper the Fourth, King of Denmark, who staid with him

Stow's Annals.

four

four days. Soon afterwards, to oblige his Royal master, who was much pleased with the situation of Theobalds, he gave him the house, manor, and park, in exchange for the palace and manor of Hatfield.

"Theobalds became a favorite residence of King James, who frequently retired thither, particularly in the latter part of his reign: he drew his last breath in this Palace, on the twenty-seventh of March, 1625. King Charles resided occasionally at Theobalds: there the petition from both Houses of Parliament was presented to him in February, 1642; and thence he went immediately afterwards, to put himself at the head of his army. When the sale of the Crown lands was in agitation in 1649, it was at first resolved that Theobalds should be excepted; but it was afterwards determined that it should be sold. In the year 1650, the Commissioners who were appointed by Parliament to make a survey of Theobalds Palace, reported, that it was an excellent building, in very good repair, by no means fit to be demolished; and that it was worth 2001. per annum; exclusive of the Park: yet, lest the Parliament should think proper to have it taken down, they had estimated the materials, and found them to be worth 82751. 11s. Notwithstanding this report, the greater part of the Palace was taken down to the ground; and the money arising from the sale of the materials divided among the army."§

When King James "got possession of Theobalds, he enlarged the Park, by taking in part of Enfield Chase, and of Northaw and Cheshunt Commons, and surrounded it with a brick wall, ten miles in circumference. When the survey was taken in 1650, Theobalds

* Biographia Britannica.

+ Lord Clarendon's History of the Rebellion, Vol. I. p. 343. Fol.

Whitlock's Memorials, p. 411. This was in the month of June; the subject was again debated on the 12th of July. In an Act which passed soon afterwards, Theobalds is not mentioned among the houses to be reserved from sale. Perfect Summary, July 23-30: 1649.

§ Environs of London, Vol. IV. p. 31-33.

balds Park contained 2508 acres; valued, together with six Lodges, one of which was in the occupation of Colonel Cecil, at 15451. 15s. 4d. per annum. The deer were valued at 10001, the rabbits at 151. the timber at 72591. 13s. 2d, exclusive of 15,608 trees marked for the use of the navy; and others, already cut down for that purpose. The materials of the barns and wall were valued at 1570l, 16s, 3d."*

Among

* In the survey of Theobald's Palace, taken in 1650, and now preserved in the Augmentation Office, it is described as consisting of “ two principal quadrangles, besides the Dial-court, the Buttery-court, and the Dove-house-court, in which the Offices were situated.

"The fountain-court, so called from a fountain of black and white marble in the centre, was a quadrangle of eighty-six feet square; on the east side of which was a cloister, eight feet wide, with seven arches. On the ground-floor of this quadrangle was a spacious hall, paved with Purbeck marble; the roof arched over at the top with carved timber of curious workmanship, and of great worth, being a goodlie ornament to the same:' at the upper end was a very large picture of the bignesse of a paire of stagges hornes seene in France. On the same floor was the Lord of Holland's, the Marquis of Hamilton's, and the Lord of Salisbury's lodging rooms,' the council chamber, and the chamber for the King's waiters. On the second floor was the presence chamber, wainscotted with carved wainscot of good oak, painted of a liver color, and richly gilded with antick pictures over the same; the seelinge full of gilded pendents hanging downe, settinge forth the roome with greate splendor; as alsoe with verie large windowes, and several coates of armes sett in the same.' These windows opened south on the walk in the great garden leading to the green gates going into the park, where was an avenue of a mile long, between a double row of trees. On the same floor were also the privy chamber, the withdrawing chamber, the King's bed chamber, and a gallery 123 feet by twenty-one, wainscotted with oak, and paintings over the same of divers cities, rarely painted, and sett forth with a frett seelinge, with divers pendents, roses, and flower de luces, painted and

gilded

• William, Earl of Salisbury, was made Keeper of Theobalds House by King James, in 1619; as was William, his son, the third Earl, by King Charles, in 1628.

Among the few parts of the Palace that were left standing after its dismantlement, about 1650, was one of the Chapels, which continued to be used by the Presbyterians till the year 1689, when VOL. VII. APRIL, 1806. Q the

gilded with gold; alsoe divers large stagges heades sett round the same, and fastened to the sayd roome, which are an excellent ornament to the same.' The windows of this gallery looked north into the park, and so to Cheshunt.' On an upper floor were the Lord Chamberlain's lodgings, my Lord's withdrawing chamber, and several other apartments. "Near the Chamberlain's lodgings, on the east, was a leaded waik, sixty-two feet in length, and eleven in breadth, with an arch of freestone over it, which sayd arch and walk,' says the survey, looking eastward into the middle court, and into the highway leading from London to Ware, standeth high, and may easily be discerned by passengers and travellers to their delight.' On the west of the Lord Chamberlain's lodgings was another walk of the same dimensions, looking westward into the fountain-court. At the corners of these walks stood fower high, faire and large towers, covered with blue slate, with a lyon and vaines on the top of each; and in the walk over the hall, in the midst of the fowre corners, one faire and large turrett, in the fashion of a lanthorne, made with timber of excellent workmanship, curiouslie wrought, standinge a great height, with divers pinacles at each corner, wherein hangeth twelve bells for chiminge, and a clocke with chimes of sundrie worke. The walk from the lower gate up to the middle of the fountain-court, is described as leading through the severall courtes, so that the figure of Cupid and Venus (which stood between the pillars of the fountain) maye easily be seene from the highway, when the gates are open.' This walk, continues the survey, is so delightful and pleasant facing the middle of the house, and the severall towers, turretts, windowes, chimneyes, walkes, and balconies, that the like walke, for length, pleasantness, and delight, is rare to be seene in England.'

"The middle court was a quadrangle 110 feet square; on the south side of which were the Queen's Chapel, (with windows of stained glass,) her presence chamber, privy chamber, bed chamber, and coffer chamber. The Prince's lodgings were on the north side: on the east side was a cloister, over which was the green gallery, 109 feet by twelve, 'excellently well painted round with the severall shires in England, and the armes of the noblemen and gentlemen in the same. Over this gallery was a leaded walk, (looking eastward towards the dial-court

and

the site of the Palace, and the Park, were granted, by William the Third, to the Earl of Portland. From him they descended to the present Duke of Portland, who, about the year 1762, sold the

estate

and the highway,) on which were two loftie arches of bricke, of no small ornament to the house, and rendering it comely and pleasant to all that passed by.' On the west side of the quadrangle was another cloister, on five arches; over which were the Duke's lodgings, and over them the Queen's gallery, 109 feet by fourteen.

"On the south side of the house stood, a large open cloister, built upon severall large faire pillars of stone, arched over with seven arches, with a faire rayle and balisters, well painted with the Kinges and Queenes of England, and the pedigree of the old Lord Burleigh, and divers other ancient families;* with paintings of many castles and battailes, with divers supscriptions on the walls:' this cloister was standing so lately as 1765. The whole house was built, as the survey states, of excellent brick, with coins, jambs, and cornices of stone.†

The Gardens at Theobalds were large, and ornamented with labyrinths, canals, and fountains. The great garden contained seven acres of ground; besides which, there was the pheasant-garden, privy-garden, and laundry-garden. In the former were nine knotts, artificially and exquisitely made; one of which was sett forth in likeness of the Kinge's armes.' The Stables (which are included in the survey of the manor) stood on the road leading from Waltham Cross to Cheshunt. On the west side of the road was the camel stable, sixty-three feet in length on the east side were two stables, each 119 feet; and a barn 163 feet in length."

:

The mutilated remnants of these pedigrees, as they existed in 1765, were engraved for Queen Elizabeth's Progresses, published by J. Nichols.'

+ " I have not been able to find any print, or painting, which conveys any adequate idea of this Palace. There is a scarce print of it, by Stent, upon a small scale, which seems to be a very imperfect representation. The view in the Tapestry, at Houghton, which was supposed to be Theobalds, and is engraved in Gough's edition of Camden, does not agree with the description in the survey. At Hinton St. George, (the seat of Earl Poulet,) there is, according to Walpole's Anecdotes, an inside view of Theobalds, by Polenberg."

Lysons' Environs, Vol. IV. p. 34-37.