Bulletin, Issues 241-244U.S. Government Printing Office, 1904 - Geology |
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Alabama Alkalies Alumina Al2O3 Analyses beds belt black shale Bluff Brook section 1455 burning calcareous Cambrian Carbon dioxide Carboniferous cement manufacture cement materials cement plants cement rock cent chalk Chemung chert Chonetes clay clayey cleavage clinker composition contains County Creek Cretaceous Demopolis deposits Devonian east exposed fauna Faunule of zone feet thick formation fossiliferous fossils fuel Geological Survey gray grinding grit Gulf Brook section Hudson Ibid Iron oxide Iron oxide FeO3 kiln Lehigh district lime Lime CaO Lime carbonate CaCO3 limestone Lower Cambrian Magnesia Magnesia MgO Magnesium carbonate Magnesium carbonate MgCO3 marl miles mill Mississippian Mountain natural cement Ordovician outcrops Portland cement Portland Cement Company Portland-cement materials pure limestone quarry quartzite railroad raw materials Rept River sandstone sandy Saratoga Silica SiO2 Silurian slag species stone Sulphur trioxide Tombigbee River Trenton Trenton limestone U. S. Geol upper Valley
Popular passages
Page 25 - ... under existing commercial conditions. The necessity for making the mixture as cheaply as possible rules out of consideration a large number of materials which would be considered available if chemical composition was the only thing to be taken into account. Some materials otherwise suitable are too scarce; some are too difficult to pulverize. In consequence, a comparatively few combinations of raw materials are actually used in practice. In certain localities deposits of argillaceous (clayey)...
Page 334 - ... (2) Natural cements, after burning and grinding, are usually yellow to brown in color and light in weight, their specific gravity being about 2.7 to...
Page 58 - ... the grinding mills employed, and a consequent increase in the cost of cement. At some point in the process, therefore, the gain in strength due to fineness of grinding will be counterbalanced by the increased cost of manufacturing the more finely ground product. The increase in the required fineness has been gradual but steady during recent years. Most specifications now require at least 90 per cent to pass a 100-mesh sieve; a number require 92 per cent; while a few important specifications require...
Page 7 - May 11, 1904. SIR: I have the honor to transmit herewith the manuscript of a report on the geology of the Hudson Valley between the Hoosic and the Kinderhook, by T.
Page 22 - By a Portland cement is meant the product obtained from the heating or calcining up to incipient fusion of intimate mixtures, either natural or artificial, of argillaceous with calcareous substances, the calcined product to contain at least 1.7 times as much of lime, by weight, as of the materials which give the lime its hydraulic properties, and to be finely pulverized after said calcination, and thereafter additions or...
Page 27 - Varieties of Limestone. A number of terms are in general use for the different varieties of limestone, based upon differences of origin, texture, composition, etc. The more important of these terms will be briefly defined. The marbles are limestones which, through the action of heat and pressure, have become more or less distinctly crystalline, though the term marble is often extended to cover any limestone which will take a good polish. The term marl...
Page 33 - This reestablishment in favor of the hard limestones is doubtless due, in great part, to recent improvements in grinding machinery, for the purer limestones are usually much harder than argillaceous limestones like the Lehigh district "cement rock," and it was very difficult to pulverize them finely and cheaply with the crushing appliances in use when the Portland cement industry was first started in America. A series of analyses of representative pure hard limestones, together with analyses of the...
Page 57 - The coal as usually bought is either "slack" or "run of mine." In the latter case it is necessary to crush the lumps before proceeding further with the preparation of the coal, but with slack this preliminary crushing is not necessary, and the material can go directly to the dryer.
Page 26 - States were probably deep-sea deposits formed in this way. Some of these limestones still show the fossils of which they were formed, but in others all trace of organic origin has been destroyed by the fine grinding to which the shells and corals were subjected before their deposition at the sea bottom.
Page 42 - ... and this is the method followed by quarrymen or miners in general. To the cement manufacturer, however, such an estimate is not so suitable as one based on the cost of raw materials per ton or barrel of finished cement.