TABLE OF CONTENTS.

CHAPTER XLIII.—ZEEK'S FAMILY.

ix

Tennessee Farm-House. - The Farmer. - The Kitchen.-Too well Ventilated

by Half. The Farmyard. Mule-Pen and Out-Buildings...

-

CHAPTER XLIV.-A NIGHT IN A TENNESSEE FARM-HOUSE.

..306

Concerning Doors. - Talk by the Firelight. - Depredations of the Two Armies. —

Hunting Conscripts. - Origin of the Name "Owl Creek."

Battle. Smart Son-in-law. - Zeek Retires. - The Bridal Chamber..

-

Reminiscences of the

CHAPTER XLV. - THE FIELD OF SHILOH.

-

-

-

...312

Departure. - Bridal Home. Before and After the Battle. - Hildebrand's Picket

Line. Graves in the Woods. Shiloh Church. Skeletons Rooted up by

Swine. Romance of the Widow Ray House. Romance of a Bale of Hay.-

Members of One Family. - Sheep Pasture. The "Long Avenue.".

of the Dead. Pittsburg Landing. - General Prentiss's Disaster....

CHAPTER XLVI-WAITING FOR THE TRAIN AT MIDNIGHT.

Mrs. Mon Slavery. - Hunting for the Railroad. - Negro Encampment......328

CHAPTER XLVII.-FROM CORINTH TO MEMPHIS.

West Tennessee.-Two Sides to the Picture.

CHAPTER XLVIII. — FREEDMEN'S SCHOOLS AND THE FREEDMEN'S BUREAU.

Freedmen in Memphis.-Colored Benevolent Societies. - Schools. - Officers of the

Bureau. Old Wrongs Righted. - Summary Justice. - Milly Wilson's Story.-

Cases from Mississippi. — Business of the Bureau. -Suppressed Wills...

-

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CHAPTER XLIX. - DowN THE MISSISSIPPI.

-

.336

A Mississippi Steamboat. - Passengers. Supper. - Evening Amusements. - Steam-

boat Race.- River and Shores. - Landings.-Captain and Colored Gentleman.

An Awful Thought. Helena. -A Colored Soldier's Return. - Condition of the

Levees.-Freshets. - Best Protected Plantations. - Negro Insurrections.......347

Sight of the Town. - Yankee Canal. - Hills of Vicksburg. - Caves. - An Under-

Ground Residence. Bombardment. Famine. Ride to the Fortifications. -

Grant and Pemberton Monument. - Sherman's Unsuccessful Assault. - Chickasaw

Bayou. Indian Mounds.- Fortifications below Vicksburg. —“Will the Freed-

men Work?"
358

CHAPTER LI.-FREE LABOR IN MISSISSIPPI.

Laborers defrauded of their Hire." Honesty" of a Planter. - Northern and South-

ern Master. — Freedmen and Planters. Furnishing Supplies. — Slave Labor on

Mr. P's Plantation. - Overseers and Negroes.- Change at Christmas....362

Ignorance of the Free-Labor System. Serf Code. Freedmen in Civil Courts.

Convention and Legislature. State Militia. - White and Black Offenders.

Persecution of Union Men.-A Pardoned Rebel. - Freedmen's Schools........369

CHAPTER LIII. - A FEW WORDS ABOUT COTTON.

Best Cotton Lands. - Anxiety of the Planter. - Fascination of the Culture. - North-

ern Planters.Estimate of Cost and Profits. - Prospect of Crop........

-

-

.379

CHAPTER LIV. -DAVIS'S BEND. - Grand Gulf. — Natchez.

Home of Jeff. Davis. Colony of Paupers. - Other Farms on the Peninsula. Suo-

cess of the Freedmen. - Colored Courts. Village of Grand Gulf. The "Gulf."

-Situation of Natchez.- Cargoes of Cotton.-Talk with an Overseer........383

CHAPTER LV.-THE LOWER MISSISSIPPI.

Used-up Deck Hands. - Toilsome Work and Brutal Treatment. - French Custom.

Steamboat Acquaintances. - Pay for Slaves.-Jim B- - and his Niggers.

"A Mountain Spout of a Woman."-Talk with an Arkansas Planter. Louisiana

Planters. Deck Passengers.- Black Woman's Story. - French Inhabitants.

Creoles and Slaves. Villages and Plantations. - Levees. - The River flowing on

a Ridge. Unavailable Swamps. - River Water. - River runs Up Hill.......388

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-

-

-

CHAPTER LVI. THE CRESCENT CITY.

-

-

--

-

Midwinter at New Orleans. - French Quarter. - Anomalous Third Class. - Style

of Building. Levee. Where the Cotton goes. - Shipment of Cotton during the

War and since. Freight of a Liverpool Steamer.St. Charles Rotunda. - One

of the Crowd. His Scheme for making a Fortune. His Opinion of the Plant-

ers.- Northern Men in Louisiana. - Planters and Niggers. Hard Overseers.

General Phil. Sheridan. - Military Division of the Gulf.-Troops in Texas.

The Mexican Question. -The South to be Northernized. - Sheridan's Personal

Appearance. Governor Wells. - Deeds and Professions. Mayor Kennedy. -

On the Future of New Orleans and the South. - Street Railroads. Property owned

by People of Color. - -A Black and White Strike......

.397

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CHAPTER LVII.- POLITICS, FREE LABOR, and Sugar.

-

Radical Union Men. On the President's Policy. On General Banks. Gentle-

man who had no Vote.- Newspapers. General T. W. Sherman. - Rebel Militia.

Colored "Cavalry" Drilling. Capital and Labor.-Louisiana Serf Code.

Planters and the Bureau. - Dependence of the Negroes. Defrauded by Whites.

Independent Homes for the Freedmen. - Colored Schools. - Northern Men. - A

Sugar Plantation.- Abandoned Parishes. - Sugar and Cotton. Cane Planting.

- Field of Cane in June. - A Sugar-Mill. — Sugar Crop. — White Laborer....406

CHAPTER LVIII.-THE BATTLE OF MOBILE BAY.

Lake Ponchartrain. - Capture of the "Waterwitch."— Morning in the Gulf.-En-

tering Mobile Bay. Scene of Farragut's Fight. A Poet in the Battle.......415

-

CHAPTER LIX.-MOBILE.

The Merchant Fleet. - Harbors on the Gulf. Spanish Fort. - Obstructions in the

Channel. -Up Spanish River. The City. The Great Explosion. - Bùsi-

River Steamers. - Character of Alabamians. — One of the Despairing Class.—Mr.

J's Experience. Mr. G's Opinions. Mr. Hof Lowndes County.-

Planters' Justice. One of the Hopeful Class.- Agricultural Associations......423

-

CHAPTER LXI.- WILSON'S RAID.

Shores of the Alabama.- Plantation Ploughs. -Author's Ignorance Enlightened. —

Selma. Ruins of the Town. - Chain-Gang. - Battle of Selma. A Freedman's

Story. Loyalty and Fidelity.— Negro Boy Arthur. - Raiders in Lowndes Coun-

ty. Planter's Wife and the Wine. — Track of Wilson's Cavalry........... . . . .433

CHAPTER LXII.-NOTES ON ALABAMA.

1

-

Montgomery. The Capitol. Where the Confederate Egg was Hatched. — Men

of the Back Country.-Small Farmers in the Legislature. - Original Secessionists

and Union Men. Young Man of Chambers County. -A Prisoner at Harrisburg..

Life among the Yankees. - Return Home. Disloyalty of the People. - News-

papers and Churches. - Northern and Southern Alabama. - Union Men of Ran-

dolph County. Great Destitution.-Service of the Freedmen's Bureau. - Negro

in Civil Courts. Freedmen's Schools. -

-

Cotton Stealing. Prospect of Cotton

Crop. How to Hire the Freedmen. - All Sorts of Contracts.-Northern Men in

-

-

TABLE OF CONTENTS.

Climate.

--

Alabama. - Topography.-Tree Moss.- Best Cotton Lands. - Disadvantages.—

Artesian Wells.-Region of Small Farms.

Common Schools. - First

Cotton Crop. Indian War. - Railroads...

.441

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CHAPTER LXIII. IN AND ABOUT ATLANTA.

Closing Battles of the War. The Yankees at West Point. Foggy Night at At-
lanta. -City by Daylight. - Colored Soldier's Widow. Property Destroyed. -
Religion a Nuisance. - Rebuilding. - Rents. White and Black Refugees. - Ac-
counts by Citizens. - Negro's Horse. Jesse Wade, the Poor White; on Sher-
man's Strategy; on Schools; on Reconstruction. - Nigger versus White Man.-
Out-door Convention of Freed People. — Georgia Railroads and Banks................

CHAPTER LXIV.-DowN IN MIDDLE Georgia.

-

452

Last View of Atlanta. -Negro Emigration. Indigent Negroes. - Niggers' best
Friends. Railroad to Macon. The Country.- City of Refuge.
Colored Popu-

lation. Murders and Shootings. -Need of Cavalry. - Georgia and the War.-

Freedmen's Bureau and the People.- Negro of Middle Georgia. - Infraction of

Contracts.- Control of Bureau Funds. Macon Freedmen's Schools. - Union

Men in Georgia. - An Old Settler's Story. - "No Party" Cry. Confederates and

Yankees...

CHAPTER LXV.-ANDERSONVILLE.

..460

--

Yankee Prison at Macon.-"Death's Acre."-Trial of Captain Wirz. - His Per-
sonal Appearance. -Scene of his Crimes.- Name of the Town. - Present Appear-
ance.The Stockade. - Double Walls. The Dead Line.- Prisoners' Caves. -
Huts and Barrack Sheds.-Out-Buildings. - Cemetery. - Death Record. —
scriptions. Rebel Owner's Claim. - Testimony of Georgians..

CHAPTER LXVI.—SHERMAN in Middle Georgia.

- In-

.468

-

Tradition regarding General Sherman's Gloves. - Confederate General's Testimony.
-Criticisms and Anecdotes." The Great Robber" in Jones County.- Confed-
erate Stockings.-Yankee Soldiers and Rebel Dogs. - Sherman's Field Orders. –
Pillagers.
-Shooting Horses and Stock. - Army and its Stragglers. - Negro and
the Trunk.-Persuasion of a Rope. The "Great Robber" in Putnam County.-
Not a Raid.-Movement of the Army. - Panic of the People. Flight from Mil-
ledgeville.-Masters and Slaves....

-

CHAPTER LXVII.—PLANTATION GLIMPSES.

..475

Worn-out Plantations.-Houses on Props. - A Northern Man's Experience. - Men

and Women Ploughing. Home Manufactures. A Planter's House.

ter and Young Master. A Georgia Woman and the Yankees.....

-

CHAPTER LXVIII.-POLITICS AND FREE LABOR IN GEORGIA.

Milledgeville.-State Legislature. - Repudiation. Complaints of Confederate Des-

potism. - Value of Slave Property; to be Paid for by the Government.- - Common-

School System. Freedmen's Schools. - Negro with the Small-Pox. - Georgia

Planter and Niggers.-Kinder than the Yankees. Poor Whites in New York

and Massachusetts. - Abuse of the Yankees; of Freedmen's Bureau. Mr. C-

of Oglethorpe County; why he damned the Yankees.- Tax on Color.- South-

ern Methods. State Commissioner of the Bureau. - Planters Profits.-Mean-

ness of the Georgians. - Sending Negroes out of the State.-Ignorance of the

Freed People.Tendency to Idleness. Bribes Offered. - Cruelties to Freed-

men.-Public Sentiment on the Subject.

Cotton Crop...

CHAPTER LXIX.- SHERMAN IN EASTERN GEORGIA.

-

.488

Sherman and the Railroads. Condition of the Tracks. General Grant on Sher-
man's "Hair Pins."- Machinery for Destroying Track. Condition of the Bent
Iron.-Railroad Buildings.
One Glove off. The "Bummers" in Burke

County-People Stripped of Everything.-Sherman and the Old Woman. -

Buried Gold and Silver.

Shrewdness of Planter's Wife. A "Sorry" Watch.

Experience of a Northern Man. - Running off Goods and Stock. - Hiding Place in

--

the Bushes. Coming of the Soldiers. -Stopped by Yankee Cavalry. - Why the

Women screamed. Pursuit of a Horse. Luck of a Poor Planter. - Reduced

to Corn-Meal Bran. - By Stage to Scarborough. By Rail to Savannah. -Com-

ments of the Passengers. By the Ogeechee River. Importation of Hay...501

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CHAPTER LXX.-A GLANCE AT SAVANNAH.

Sherman at Savannah. - Conference with Secretary Stanton. Issuing of General

Orders No. 15. - Aspect of the City, Situation. Inhabitants. Trade. - Col-

ored Schools. Bonaventure Cemetery..

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CHAPTER LXXI.-CHARLESTON AND THE WAR.

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Historic Water. -

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-

.508

Early

Charleston and Savannah Railroad.. Steamboats. Morning in Charleston Harbor.

Objects in the Mist.

Charleston and the Old Flag.

Walk in the City. - Turkey Buzzards. People and Houses. - Great Fire of 1861.

- Its Origin. Picturesque Ruins. Damage done by Shells. - Spite against

Firemen. Panic and Flight of the Inhabitants. A Northern Man's Experience.

-Nineteen Months' Bombardment. Not a Joyful Anniversary.

·- Evacuation by

the Rebels. Fire and Explosion. - The City isolated..

Harbor Obstructions. Destructive Water Worm.- Palmetto Wharves. - Fort Sum-

ter from without. A Mass of Ruins. Effect of Bombardment. - Section of the

Old Wall. — Landing at the Fort. Inside View. The Old Flag again. - Situa-

tion of the Fort.-Old Iron under the Walls. Cost of United States Forts.—

Garrison. - Beauregard's Bombardment. -Major Anderson's Fame. Fame not

so cheap since. - Military Duty and Common Sense. Policy of the Government.

-The Fort from Morris Island...

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CHAPTER LXXIII.-A PRISON AND A PRISONER.

-

-

..517

General S's Visits to Charleston. - Taken Prisoner. - Jumping from the Cars.
Circular Perambulation. — The Man with the Bag of Corn. - Pine-leaves and
Tobacco.-Chased by Blood-hounds. What he lived on. — - Visit to a lone Widow.

--

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Night in a Canebrake. -A Man on Horseback.. Proffer of a Canteen. - A
Friend in Need. - Night in a Gin-House. - Parting in the Morning. Entan-
gled among Streams. Taken for a Spy. - Recognized. - How he got his Clothes
again. -Sent to Macon.-Tunnelling the Ground under the Stockade. Betrayed.
Sent to Charleston. The Work-house. Jail and Hospitals. Entrance to
the Work-house, Rooms, and Cells. - Prisoners' Bunks. - Visited by a Shell.-
Watching the Shells by Night. A Taste of the pure Air.-Negro Whippings.
Tower of Observation. Mountain of Offal. "Kindness" to Prisoners.
Plans of Escape. - Exploring the Cistern.- Tunnelling the Walls.
again. Grand Scheme to Capture and Fire the City. - Exchanged...

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CHAPTER LXXIV. -THE SEA-ISLANDS.

Betrayed

......521

Negro of Cotton States and Border States.-Causes of Difference. Slaves and

Slavery in South Carolina. - Labor Disorganized. — Negro Instincts. - Emigra-

tion to the Coast. Settlements under Sherman's Order. No more Allotments.

General Howard's Visit. President's Theory. - Conflict of Authority. - Of

Freedmen's Crops. - Gun and Fishing-Rod. - Dis-

.532

Stroll along the Wharves. Negroes under Coal-Sheds.

James Island. Planters and their Freedmen. - Taciturn Boatman. - Previous

Visits. - Captured by Negroes. Third Visit. Our Reception. - Number of

Freedmen. House of Three Orphans.- Conversation with their Guardian.

An Unreasonable Complaint.-A Northern Man's Fortunes. - Negro from St.

John."Faithful Old Family Servant."-Colored Guard. - Women" Listing."

Our Guard takes Notes. Negroes Farming. Attachment to their Homes.

Children going to School. - Shade-Trees used for Fences.

Freedmen their own Drive......

TABLE OF CONTENTS.

CHAPTER LXXVI. - SHERMAN IN SOUTH CAROLINA.

-

xiii

Destruction by the Army.-A South Side View. - In Orangeburg District. - A
Lady's Account. - Discipline of the Army. - Fidelity of an Old Cook. Warned
by a Dream. Behavior of the Negroes.- Firing Houses. - Foragers. - Yankee
Officers. Soldiers' Fun and Mischief. Behavior. - Destructiveness. Three
Nights in the Chimney Corner. White Lie by a Black Boy. - White Officers
and Black Girls.- Robbed of everything. The Negroes afterwards..
White Men left in the Country. - Cut off from Charleston....

-

CHAPTER LXXVII. — THE BURNING OF COLUMBIA.

-

-

Few

.546

The Fall of Pride. - Infatuation of the People.- Scenes of Panic. - Citizen Plun-

derers. General Sherman's Promise. - Origin of the Fires. Accounts by Re-

sponsible Citizens. Rocket Signals. - Fire-Balls thrown into Houses. - Stories

of Federal Guards. — Skill at finding Treasures. — “Divining Rods.” — The Fire

in the Distance.— Dismay and Terror. -Thirty Millions of Property Destroyed.

Sacking of the Churches; of Masonic and Odd-Fellow Lodges.- Drunkenness. -

Discipline. Robberies. Many Guards faithful.-Curious Incidents. - Funeral

of a Lapdog.-Popular Jokes in the Army. Mrs. Minegault's Bracelet.-Des-

titution. Doing as we would have been done by. - War and Institutions of

Learning. - Horrors left behind. - Ruins ...

...553

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CHAPTER LXXVIII. - NOTES ON SOUTH CAROLINA.

Free Labor in the Eastern District.-West of the Wateree. Planters and the Crop
they depended on.-Cotton and Corn.-Crops during the Confederacy. — Rice
Culture.- Railroads. - Finances. United States Taxes. Prevalence of Crime.
-Dishonest Treasury Agents; their Modes of Operating. Animosity against the
Government. Progressive Class. Governor Orr on Negro Suffrage. -Story of

-

a Negro Carpenter.- Freedmen's Schools......

CHAPTER LXXIX. — THE RIDE TO WINNSBORO'.

..565

By Stage from Columbia. - Destruction of the Railroad Track.— The Yankees Dis-

sected. A Skeleton at the Banquet. -Stage-Coach Conversation. - Negro Suf-

frage and Free Labor. - Spirit of the People. Outrages on Negroes. - A Candid

Confession. Sherman's "Bummers" at Winnsboro'.

-

..571

CHAPTER LXXX.-A GLIMPSE OF THE OLD North State.

Change of Scene. -North Carolina Legislature.-Business at Raleigh. Impov-

erishment of the State. - Effects of Repudiation. Stay Laws. Rice Culture.

North Carolina Farmers. Freedmen and Freedmen's Schools.

on Sherman's "Bummers".

-

CHAPTER LXXXI. CONCLUSIONS.

-

Return Home. - Summing Up. — Condition of the South. Demand for Capital and
Labor. Recovery of Agriculture and Business. — A Hint to Emigrants. Loy-
alty of the People. - Union Men at the Close of Hostilities.-A Change for the
Worse.-Talk for the Talk's sake. Enough of War. - Danger of Unarmed Re-
bellion. Aims of Southern Leaders. Security needed.
How to punish

Treason.Plans of Reconstruction.- Southern Plan. - Southern Representatives

and the Test Oath. The Rule of Justice. Principles of the Declaration of In-

dependence. -Impartial Suffrage. History of Progressive Ideas. Time for the

Sowing of the New Seed. Are the Blacks prepared for the Franchise? - The

Basis of Representation. - Prospects.....

...588

-

CHAPTER LXXXII. THE WORK OF RESTORATION.

-

A Year later. Hopes disappointed. - Position of the Whites of the South.-

Treatment of Southern Unionists, Black and White. - Sections where the Hostil-

ity was most intense. - Honorable and Noble Exceptions to this State of Feel-

ing. The most Noisy Supporters of the Lost Cause. The Effect of President

Johnson's Course in stimulating this Hostility. - Review of his Course so far as it

relates to Reconstruction. Interviews with Southern Men. Organization of

Provisional Governments. - Specimens of the Men appointed by him as Gov.

ernors. Defiance of Congress in Advance. Assurances to South Carolina.

Democratic Conventions indorsing the President's Policy. - The Message of De-

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