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stepped aside and let the people I met speak for themselves. Notes taken on the spot, and under all sorts of circumstances, on horseback, in jolting wagons, by the firelight of a farm-house, or negro camp, sometimes in the dark, or in the rain, have enabled me to do this in many cases with absolute fidelity. Conversations which could not be reported in this way, were written out as soon as possible after they took place, and while yet fresh in my memory. Idiomatic peculiarities, which are often so expressive of character, I have reproduced without exaggeration. To intelligent and candid men it was my habit to state frankly my intention to publish an account of my journey, and then, with their permission, to jot down such views and facts as they saw fit to impart. Sometimes I was requested not to report certain statements of an important nature, made in the glow of conversation; these, not without regret, I have suppressed; and I trust that in no instance have I violated a confidence that was reposed in me.

I may add that the conversations recorded are generally of a representative character, being selected from among hundreds of such; and that if I have given seemingly undue prominence to any subject, it has been because I found it an absorbing and universal topic of discussion.

ΜΑΥ, 1866.

TABLE OF CONTENTS.

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CHAPTER XXVI. - FORTIFICATIONS. — DUTCH GAP.-FAIR OAKS.

Ride with Major K-Forts and Earthworks. Winter Quarters of the Army
of the James.- Affair at Laurel Hill. At New-Market Heights. - Gallop across
the Country. Butler's Canal. - Origin of the Name "Dutch Gap.". Cox's
House. Out on the Nine-Mile Road. - Fair Oaks Station. - Seven Pines. -
Charge of Sickles's Brigade. — Savage's Station. - Two Sundays...........

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Burning of Hampton. - Freedmen's Settlements. Visits to the Freedmen......219

CHAPTER XXX.-A GENERAL View of VIRGINIA.

Fertility.-Natural Advantages. — Old Fields. — Hills and Valleys. - Products. —

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Value of Land. - Manufactures. Oysters. Common Schools. - Freedmen's
Schools. -Negro Population. -Old Prejudice. Wages. Negroes in Tobacco
Factories. Freedmen's Bureau. Secession. Railroads. Finances.
pects......

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