The Nature of Statistical EvidenceOur motivation for writing this book was a dissatisfaction with the many books with titles hke Foundations of Statistics. These books provide a needed description of the subject with examples of various statistical methods; but they do not satisfy the discerning reader because they do not explain why certain conclusions may be drawn from certain data and they do not discuss how statistics, the subject, meshes with the scientific process. We naively set out to fill in these gaps, but the situation is not so simple. What is desired is a tool—the one true statistics—which can be applied to data with certainty to justify conclusions, but what is available, in fact, are various competing theories of statistics. The careful reader may correctly point out the relation of this manuscript to po- modem epistemology, a philosophy which emphasizes that all human knowing—in fields as diverse as religion and science—is culture dependent and that therefore "truth" is not absolute. Take, for example, the "truths" of Christianity and Islam— wars have been fought over their differences. In the field of statistics there are, for example, Bayesians and sampling theorists. Carson (2003) states, "Surely it is better, postmodems tell us, to encourage insights that flow from many different perspectives. . . " In statistics, postmodernism is manifest at two levels. First, the findings of statistical applications are not about the true state of nature but about models of experiments on nature. |
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Inhalt
| 1 | |
Mathematics and Its Applications 9 | 7 |
The Evolution of Natural Scientists and Their Theories | 18 |
Law and Learning | 33 |
Introduction to Probability | 41 |
Attitudes Toward Chance | 61 |
A Framework for Statistical Evidence | 75 |
A Critique of Bayesian Inference | 84 |
The LongRun Consequence of Behavior | 97 |
The Nature of Statistical Evidence | 116 |
The Science of Statistics | 122 |
Deductive Logic | 133 |
| 143 | |
| 151 | |
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accepted according alternative applied approach argument assumes assumption axioms Bayesian behavior belief calculated called chance Chapter checked common concept concerned conclusion consequence consider consistent continuous deduction defined density depends developed difficult discussion distribution economic equally evidence example exist expected experiment experimental explain fact fair follows formulated frequency function geometry given hence hypothesis ideas important independent individual inference interpretation knowledge likelihood logic mathematics meaning measure method nature objective observed obtain occur outcome p-value parameter particular performed possible practice prediction present principle prior probability problem proposition prove question random variables ratio reason relative rule sample scientific scientists sense significance simple single situation statements statistical success suggests summarize Table Theorem theory true truth write
Beliebte Passagen
Seite 143 - ON THE ALGEBRAICAL AND NUMERICAL THEORY OF ERRORS OF OBSERVATIONS AND THE COMBINATION OF OBSERVATIONS.
Bibliografische Informationen
| Titel | The Nature of Statistical Evidence Band 189 von Lecture Notes in Statistics |
| Autor/in | Bill Thompson |
| Ausgabe | illustriert |
| Verlag | Springer Science & Business Media, 2007 |
| ISBN | 0387400540, 9780387400549 |
| Länge | 152 Seiten |
| Zitat exportieren | BiBTeX EndNote RefMan |