Elements of Mineralogy, Crystallography and Blowpipe Analysis: From a Practical Standpoint, Including a Description of All Common Or Useful Minerals, the Tests Necessary for Their Identification, the Recognition and Measurement of Their Crystals, and a Concise Statement of Their Uses in the Arts |
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antimony arsenic arsenopyrite axes axial axis basal bead bisectrix bismuth BLOWPIPE blue borax brittle brown calcite carbonates cent chloride cleavage coat cobalt cold colorless colors the flame COMPOSITION compounds copper crystalline crystals cube deposits DESCRIPTION.-A ETC.-Fuses ETC.-Infusible ETC.-On charcoal faces fibrous fluorite forms frequently fumes fuses easily galenite glass granular gray green gypsum H₂O heat hematite Hexagonal hydrochloric acid iron Isometric isomorphous light limonite LUSTRE magnetic magnetite masses mica Monoclinic nearly nickel nicol nitric acid obtained occurs odor opaque Optically Orthorhombic oxide parallel Physical Characters pinacoid plane plates powder precipitate prismatic produced pyramid pyrite pyroxene pyrrhotite quartz rarely rays refraction REMARKS.-Occurs rhombohedron rocks salt siderite silicates silver soda sodium Soluble in nitric sometimes STREAK sublimate substance sulphate sulphides sulphur Supplement angles symmetry TENACITY Tetragonal translucent transparent triclinic twin unit prism usually vertical vibration violet vitreous yellow yields water zinc
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Page 121 - Co obscures the tests, dissolve the substance in borax on charcoal to saturation, and treat for five minutes in hot RF If a visible button results, separate it from the borax, and treat with S. Ph. in the OF, replacing the S. Ph. when a color is obtained. If no visible button results, add either a small gold button or a few grains of test lead.
Page 111 - In Closed Tube with Dry Soda and Magnesium. — The soda and substance are mixed in equal parts and dried, and made to cover the magnesium. Upon strongly heating there will be a vivid incandescence, and the resulting mass, crushed and moistened, will yield the odor of phosphuretted hydrogen. Potassium, K. Flame. — Violet, except borates and phosphates. INTERFERING ELEMENTS. Sodium. — (a) The flame, through blue glass, will be violet or blue.
Page 107 - The residual button will be bluish-green when melted, will dissolve in the slag and color it red upon application of the OF, or may be removed from the slag and be submitted to either the S. Ph. or the flame test. FLUORINE, F. Etching Test. — If fluorine is released it will corrode glass in cloudy patches, and in presence of silica there will be a deposit on the glass. According to the refractoriness of the compound the fluorine may be released : (a) In closed tube by heat.
Page 112 - SELENIUM, Se. On Coal, RF — Disagreeable horse-radish odor, brown fumes, and a volatile steel-gray coat with a red border. In Open Tube. — Steel-gray sublimate, with red border, sometimes white crystals. In Closed Tube.
Page 120 - S. and with yellow fringe ; but if quickly heated, the coat formed is pale yellow and black. Confirmation Hg. — If the substance is heated gently in a closed tube or matrass with dry soda or litharge, a mirror-like sublimate will form, which may be collected into little globules of Hg by rubbing with a match end. The test with bismuth flux on charcoal yields only a faint yellow coat. Bi. — Bright chocolate-brown coat, with sometimes a reddish fringe.
Page 108 - Violet, choking vapor and brown sublimate. In Open Tube, with equal parts Bismuth Oxide, Sulphur, and Soda. — A brick-red sublimate. With Starch Paper. — The vapor turns the paper dark purple Interfering Elements. Silver. — The iodide melts in KHSO4 to a dark-red globule, yellow on cooling, and unchanged by sunlight.
Page 114 - With Borax. — OF Yellow hot, colorless cold. RF Brown to black and opaque. With S. Ph. — OF Yellowish green hot, colorless cold. (Crushed between damp unglazed paper becomes red, brown, purple, or blue, according to amount present.) RF Emerald-green.
Page 119 - ... moisten with water and let stand. S, Se, Te. — The bright silver is stained black or dark-brown, and unless the horseradish odor of Se or the brown coatings of Se and Te with bismuth flux have been already obtained, this stain will prove sulphur. CONFIRMATIONS S. — The soda fusion will evolve H2S when moistened with HC1. By holding in the gas a piece of filter paper moistened with a drop or two of lead acetate (test is made more sensitive by adding a drop of ammonia to the acetate), the paper...
Page 123 - ... scorify it in RF with fresh borax, then place button on cupel and blow OF across it, using as strong blast and as little flame as are consistent with keeping button melted.
Page 103 - In Open Tube. — Dense, white, non-volatile, amorphous sublimate. The sulphide, too rapidly heated, will yield spots of red. In Closed Tube. — The oxide will yield a white fusible sublimate of needle crystals ; the sulphide, a black sublimate, red when cold. Flame. — Pale yellow-green. With S.