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That wrings mine eyes to 't.

PROS.

Hear a little further.

And then I'll bring thee to the present business

Which now's upon 's; without the which this story

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My tale provokes that question. Dear, they [140

durst not,

So dear the love my people bore me, nor set

A mark so bloody on the business, but

With colours fairer painted their foul ends.

In few, they hurried us aboard a bark,

Bore us some leagues to sea: where they prepared
A rotten carcass of a butt,3 not rigg'd,

Nor tackle, sail, nor mast; the very rats
Instinctively have quit it: there they hoist us,
To cry to th' sea that roar'd to us, to sigh
To th' winds whose pity, sighing back again,5
Did us but loving wrong.

MIR.

Was I then to you!

1 Impertinent, irrelevant.

2 Wench, a female person, a woman; not always in a bad sense, as at present, but used as a general familiar expression, in any variation of tone between tenderness and contempt.-SCHMIDT.

3 A rotten carcass of a butt, as we should say, an old rotten tub. Rowe, following Dryden's version

Alack, what trouble

150

of The Tempest, substituted boat for butt, and so most editors.

4 Hoist. Is this the past tense of hoise or the present of hoist? Both verbs occur in Shakspere, but the original form is hoise, and the t is due to the past pt. of hoise,hoist used for hoised.

5 Note the pathetic effect of the slow movement of these lines.

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Thou didst smile

Thou wast that did preserve me.

Infused with a fortitude from heaven,

When I have deck'd' the sea with drops full salt,
Under my burthen groan'd; which rais'd in me
An undergoing stomach,2 to bear up

Against what should ensue.

MIR.

PROS. By Providence divine.

How came we ashore?

Some food we had and some fresh water that
A noble Neapolitan, Gonzalo,

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Out of his charity, who being then appointed
Master of this design, did give us, with

Rich garments, linens, stuffs and necessaries,
Which since have steaded much; so, of his gentleness,
Knowing I lov'd my books, he furnish'd me

From mine own library with volumes that

I prize above my dukedom.

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Sit still, and hear the last of our sea-sorrow.
Here in this island we arriv'd; and here

Have I, thy schoolmaster, made thee more profit3

1 Deck'd, covered-so many were the tears he shed. Quite unnecessary to connect it with a dialectic word deg, to sprinkle. Schmidt

says, To speak of floods being increased by tears is a hyperbole fre

quent with Shakspere."

2 An undergoing stomach, a courage capable of enduring.

3 Profit, a verb = benefit, inprove.

Than other princess' can, that have more time
For vainer hours, and tutors not so careful. [you, sir,
MIR. Heavens thank you for 't! And now, I pray

For still 'tis beating in my mind, your reason

For raising this sea-storm?

PROS.

Know thus far forth.

By accident most strange, bountiful Fortune,
Now my dear lady, hath mine enemies

Brought to this shore; and by my prescience
I find my zenith doth depend upon

A most auspicious star, whose influence

If now I court not but omit, my fortunes

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Will ever after droop.2 Here cease more questions:
Thou art inclin'd to sleep; 'tis a good dulness,
And give it way: I know thou canst not choose.

Come away, servant, come.
Approach, my Ariel3, come.

=

1 Princess (spelt in the Folio Princesse) princesses; "The plural and possessive cases of nouns in which the singular ends in s, se, ce, and ge, are frequently written, and still more frequently pronounced, without the additional syllable."-Gr. § 471. Rowe's conjecture "princes" is therefore unnecessary, though Schmidt quotes two passages to show that prince was sometimes feminine, viz., Greene, Pandosto (1588), ed. Collier, p. 15, Alas, Bellaria, better thou hadst been born a beggar than a prince," and p. 20, Seeing she was a prince she ought to be tried by her peers."

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2 Cp. Julius Cæsar, iv, 3, 218

221,

[Miranda sleeps.

I am ready now.

"There is a tide in the affairs of men,

Which, taken at the flood, leads on to fortune;

Omitted, all the voyage of their life Is bound in shallows and in miseries."

3 Ariel. The name occurs in the Old Testament,-in Ezra. viii. 16, as that of a man; in Isaiah xxix., as a designation given to the City of Jerusalem; and in Ezekiel xliii. 15, 16, as a synonym for the altar of burnt offering. Here Shakspere may have found it, and, as Thoms suggests (Three Notelets on Shakespeare, p. 21), selected it from the resemblance its sound bore to the character of his quaint spirit.

Enter ARIEL.

ARI. All hail, great master! grave sir, hail! I come To answer thy best pleasure; be 't to fly,

To swim, to dive into the fire, to ride

On the curl'd clouds, to thy strong bidding task
Ariel and all his quality.'

PROS.

Hast thou, spirit,

Perform'd to point the tempest that I bade thee?
ARI. To every article.

2

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I boarded the king's ship; now on the beak,
Now in the waist, the deck, in every cabin,
I flam'd amazement: sometime I 'ld divide,
And burn in many places; on the topmast,
The yards and bowsprit, would I flame distinctly, 200
Then meet and join. Jove's lightnings, the precursors
O' th' dreadful thunder-claps, more momentary
And sight-outrunning were not; the fire and cracks*
Of sulphurous roaring the most mighty Neptune
Seem to besiege, and make his bold waves tremble,
Yea, his dread trident shake.

PROS.

My brave spirit!

Who was so firm, so constant, that this coil5

Would not infect his reason?

ARI.

1 Quality, Professional skill. Wright compares Hamlet ii, 2, 452, "Come give us a taste of your quality; come, a passionate speech;' and adds that the word was most commonly applied to the profession of players.

Not a soul

2 The Waist, the middle part of the ship.

3 Distinctly, separately. In ii, I, 217, it means intelligibly.

4 Cracks, loud reports.
5 Coil, turmoil, confusion.

C

210

But felt a fever of the mad, and play'd
Some tricks of desperation. All but mariners
Plung'd in the foaming brine and quit1 the vessel,
Then all afire with me: the king's son, Ferdinand,
With hair up-staring,2 then like reeds, not
hair,-

Was the first man that leap'd; cried, 'Hell is

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On their sustaining3 garments not a blemish,
But fresher than before: and, as thou bad'st me,
In troops I have dispers'd them 'bout the isle.
The king's son have I landed by himself;
Whom I left cooling of the air with sighs

In an odd angle of the isle, and sitting,
His arms in this sad knot.

PROS.

Of the king's ship

The mariners say how thou hast dispos'd

And all the rest o' th' fleet.

1 Quit, here and in 1. 148 = quitted. "In verbs in which the infinitive ends in 1, ed is often omitted in the past indicative for euphony." Gr. § 341.

2 Up-staring, standing on end. Cf. Julius Cæsar, iv, 3, 280, where

220

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