Baskenridge, Hacketstown, Pleasant Grove, Mansfield, Lamington, German Valley, and Bound brook. In the Presbytery of Susquehannah, Pike, Silver Lake, Windsor, and Athens. In the first Presbytery of Philadel phia, Doylestown, Neshaminy, Newton, Deerfield, and Kensington. These revivals, together with the good order and spirit of religious zeal which prevails in the city of Philadelphia, renders this a highly interesting part of our spiritual vineyard. In the Presbytery of Newcastle, an extensive work of grace seems to have commenced, and the Congregations which have principally shared in it, are Fag's Manor, Upper Octorara, Nottingham, Charleston, Pencador, St. George's, and Doe Run. The Presbytery of Carlisle must be added to this list; and in the interesting revival which has visited both the congregation and the college of Carlisle, we find an occasion for lively gratitude. In the Presbytery of Washington, Penn. Mill Creek, and the Flats. In the Presbytery of Hart. ford, Newcastle, Slippery Rock, Long Run, New-Salem, Mount Pleasant, Hopewell, and Nishanok. This revival has been greatly pro moted by Sabbath Schools, and a system of visitation by several ministers. In the Pres bytery of Grand River, Warren and Geneva have experienced small revivals. In the Presbytery of Winchester, a number have been added to the church, in consequence of revi. vals at Fredericksburgh and Hartwood. In the Presbytery of Lexington, Lexington, New-Monmouth, Oxford, Timberridge, NewProvidence, and Fairfield. In the Presbytery of Hanover, Petersburgh, Norfolk, Cumberland, Cubcreek, and Briery. In the Presbytery of Abingdon, three congregations. In the Presbytery of Orange, Eno, and Little River. From the Presbytery of Georgia, we have heard, with peculiar emotions, not only of the wide and melancholy desolations which spread around them, but of the reviving showers of Divine graces which have descended upon some of their churches. A powerful work of grace is said to have commenced in the congregation of Medway, and more than ordinary additions have been made to the churches of Augusta, Savannah, Darien, and St. Mary's.

A writer in the Boston Recorder says, that in the churches connected with the General Assembly, there were three revivals of religion in 1815; 14 in 1816; 50 in 1817; 41 in 1818; 33 in 1819; 37 in 1820; 100 in 1821; 81 in 1822; and 98 in 1823. He also says, that in the schools connected with the Female Union Sabbath-school Society of New-York city, 66 teachers and 18 scholars have, during the past year, made a profession of religion; and that the whole number of teachers and scholars, who have joined the visible church, during the last seven years, is 418.

·

There are revivals at Randolph, SouthBridgewater, and Wareham, Mass. The revival in Charlestown continues. That in sev

eral religious societies in this city, is silently producing most pleasing changes. Those, who have been conversant with the people, for the last six months, find no reason to believe, that the present interesting state of things is to come speedily to an end; though it may be more interesting at some times, than at others. On the contrary, hopes are entertained, that the revival, so far from de clining permanently, will gain new strength with the greater religious advantages of the approaching autumn. That these hopes may not be disappointed, should be the fervent prayer of all who love Zion.

There is said to be a revival in the north. ern part of New-Hampshire, where the Rev. Jonathan L. Hale is laboring as a missionary. Pittsford, Orville, and Middlebury, Vt., are mentioned as the subjects of revivals recent. ly commenced. For some time past, there has been an outpouring of the Spirit upon Kenebunkport and Castine, in Maine. Ser eral places at the south, particularly Charleston, S. C., are said to be blessed in a similar

manner.

RELIGIOUS CELEBRATION OF INDEPENDENCE.

A CUSTOM has been commenced, and is annually gaining ground, of celebrating the birth day of our nation by observances strictly religious. The people assemble in the house of public worship; unite in appropriate ascriptions of praise and thanksgiving to the Great Giver of national blessings; listen to a se. rious review of our multiform privileges, civil, literary, and religious; and then take up & collection for some object of charity. At least, this has been the form of these celebrations, in several places from which we have heard. This was one of the forms, in which this first day in our political year was cele brated in this city. The services were in Park Street Church. The time selected for them was such, as not to interfere with those, which were of a less religious character. The hymns, the prayers, and the Address by the Rev. Louis Dwight, were appropriate. At the close of the whole, a collection of $80 was taken in aid of the American Colonization Society, which is worthy of greater attention, and needs more liberal assistance, than it has hitherto received. At Keene, N. H., and, we believe, in several other places, there were, also, contributions for this Society.

MEDICAL DISPENSATORIES,

THE following facts shew the great utility and cheapness of gratuitous medical dispensatories. A late report of one of these institutions in Paris states, that, in 1821, 3428 patients had been prescribed for, of whom, not more than 101 had died: the whole expense amounted to only about thirteen francs for each patient. The total number of persons assisted during eighteen years by this institu tion had been 28,582, of whom only 994 had died. Dispensatories are beginning to be formed in most of the principal towns in France.

ARCTIC SEAS.

A French journal recapitulates as follows the advantages derived to science by the late British voyages of discovery in the Arctic Seas:

1. that the continent of America is not so Fextensive as has been commonly supposed towards the North Pole. 2. That its northern coasts, though at present inaccessible, lie under parallels less elevated than those of the Asiatic coasts in general, and exceed only by a few degrees the latitudes in the North of Europe. 3. That Baffin's Bay, as it is called, is not properly a bay, but forms a part of the Arctic Ocean, communicating with it by Lancaster Streight. 4. That Greenland is not conjoined with the Arctic countries of North America, but forms an immense island, or rather a sixth continent (Australasia being the fifth) from the extremity of the great headland which it projects, between Europe and America, to New Siberia, which appears to be its furthest limits. 5. That admitting this, it must be frozen land, and not the Hyperborean Ocean, which fills the space between the 80th degree of latitude and the North Pole. 6. That combining the results of the Polar expeditions with Russian discoveries, there is reason to conclude that this Arctic continent has been originally subject to the same geological laws as the other great divisions of the globe; its configuration, it would appear, is similar; its greatest breadth being in the northern part, as in the five othér continents. One advantage to navigation has already resulted from certain passages discovered by Captain Parry; the whale-fisheries have ventured as far as Lancaster Streights having returned with rich cargoes. I

ST. MICHAEL'S.

DR. WEBSTER, in his account of the island of St. Michael's, states, that in the orange groves every tree yields annually 6000 or 8000 oranges or lemons; and that 26,000 are known to have been gathered from a sin. gle tree. The proprietors, to whom speculation would be a fatigue, sell the produce to English or American merchants, whose agents travel about the country, purchasing all the fruits, even before they are ripe. Dr. Web. ster calculates the annual exports of fruit at nearly 60,000 chests: what remain in the island he rates at 40,000.

ANCIENT TAVERNS.

MR. FOSBROKE, in the second Number of his Encyclopedia of Antiquities, gives the fallowing curious description of the ancient tav. erus of Italy.

"Nothing is a stronger proof of the size and populousness of Herculaneum, than its nine hundred public houses. These houses, as appears by the Herculanean placard, contained not only baths, but pergula-galleries at the top of the houses, or balconies, but more commonly green arbors,-and canacula, dining-rooms in the upper story of the house. A kind of counter appears at Pompeii, because the Romans did not recline, but sat, when they refreshed themselves at these places. The flaggons were chained to posts. The landlord and landlady had a particular costume. Venders of unguents and perfumes also attended, and addressed the guest with Dominus and Rex, if he hoped for custom. In the inns on the roads there were both hot and cold meats; but Plutarch mentions a Spartan who brought his own meat, and gave it to the host to dress. Tiberius prohibited their selling any baker's goods. Nero permitted only boiled vegetables, though every kind of delicacy was common before. Juvenal describes the company as usually consisting of thieves, sailors, artificers, drunken Galli, &c.; and these then, as now, were considered as permitting freer behavior than elsewhere."

BUTYCHUS.

THE Rev. Mr. Jowett, in his "Christian Researches," mentioned in his visit to the Greek

Christians at Haivali, the form of their houses, Bays, that their chief room is in an upper or third story. "The room," he describes as "higher and larger than those below; it has two projecting windows, and the whole floor is so much extended in front beyond the lower part of the building, that the projecting windows considerably overhang the street. In such an upper room, secluded, spacious, and commodious, St. Paul was invited to preach his parting discourse. The divan, or raised seat, with mats or cushions, encircles the interior of each projecting window; and I have remarked, that when company is numerous, they sometimes place large cushions behind the company seated on the divan; so that a second tier of company, with their feet upon the seat of the divan, are sitting behind, higher than the front row. Eutychus, thus sitting, would be at once level with the open window, and being overcome with sleep, he could easily fall out from the third loft of the house into the street; and be almost certain, from such a height, to lose his life. Thither St. Paul went down and comforted the alarmed company, by bringing up Eutychus alive."

It is noted that "there were many lights in the upper chamber." The very great plenty of oil in this neighborhood would enable them to afford many lamps: the heat of these, and so much company, would cause the drowsiness of Eutychus at that late hour, and be the occasion, likewise, of the windows being open,"

STATE OF EGYPT.

From Silliman's Journal of the Arts and Sciences. EVERY traveller in Egypt attributes to the Viceroy all the qualities of a statesman. The Christians who live under his laws are under many obligations to him; and enterprising travellers of all nations and religions may now traverse Egypt with a security before unknown to the Ottoman dominions. The army of the Viceroy consists of not less than 45,000 men, comprehending infantry, cavalry, and artillery. His naval force is composed of 22 vessels, and the navigation of the Nile is protected by a great number of gun-boats, each of which carries 40 men. The revenues of Mohamet Ali, as Viceroy, amounts to 25 millions of Spanish piastres. They arise from custom-house duties, taxes, tolls, fisheries, public domains, contributions from conquered countries, and from caravans, &c. The Viceroy pays in title of vassal 2,400,000 livres to the Sultan; he sends the same sum to the treasury of Mceca; 800,000 measures of rice, &c. to Constantinople, furnishes provisions to the caravans of Cairo; keeps a brilliant court. and often sends presents to the Sultan, to the favorite Sultana, as well as to the ministers of his highness, and to persons in credit at the seraglio. The actual population of Egypt does not exceed 3,000,000. It contains 2,496 towns and villages, of which 957 are in Upper Egypt, and 1,539 in the Delta.

NEWSPAPERS.

On the 1st of May, a religious newspaper was commenced in New-York city, denominated

the "New-York Observer." Thus far it has been edited with ability; and from the repu tation of the Editor, there can be no doubt but its character will be sustained.

The following remarks, with respect to the circulation of newspapers in this country, are extracted from the Prospectus of that paper.

In no part of the world does the newspaper possess so extensive an influence as in our own country. It is estimated, that in the whole Union, there are at least five hundred news paper establishments, from which are issued annually more than thirty million printed sheets; a number, much greater, it is believed, than is circulated in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, although the population of those two islands is more than double that of the United States. With a large class of our citizens, the newspaper is the only publication that is regularly perused. From it they derive their opinions on almost every important subject.

This universal popularity of the newspaper seems to result, partly, from the nature of our republican institutions, which give to every man a personal influence in public affairs; part ly, from the scattered state of our population, which makes it difficult to combine the efforts of literary men, in support of publicatious of a more elevated character; and partly, from the peculiar encouragement afforded by our post-office laws, to the circulation of this spe cies of publication. In Great Britain, every newspaper is burdened by the government with a heavy duty, and on this account, & daily paper in London, it is said, cannot be al forded for less than thirty or forty dollars a year. In this country, on the other hand, in stead of making the newspaper a source of re enue, the government undertakes to send t to every part of the Union, for a sum which must be below the price paid to the mail contractors for its transportation; thus, virtually, taxing the community for its support.

PROSPECTS OF OUR COUNTRY.

FROM the paper above named, we take the following paragraphs, which are worthy of much attention.

The

It appears from the late census, that the population of the United States increased 32.9 per cent. between 1810 and 1820. At this rate it will double in about 25 years. ratio of increase, however, seems to be grad. ually diminishing. Between 1790 and 18 it was 35. 1 per cent., and between 1800 and 1810 only 34.6 per cent. Still, there is every reason to believe, that the population will con tinue to increase with nearly the same rapidity as heretofore, for many years, perhaps for a century, to come. The vast interior of North America will accommodate, with ease, all the millions which would be produced dur ing that period by such a rate of increase. The following statement will show the popu lation of the United States for 100 years to come, supposing the increase to be in the

If we deduct 60,000,000 for losses by war and other calamities, there will still be left 100,000,000 for the population of the United States, a century hence. This number, scattered over a territory of 2,000,000 square miles, would average 50 to each mile; a pop. ulation not so dense as that of the southern half of New-England, or as the average of all Europe.

The view of our population should stimu. late all those who are engaged in promoting the moral and religious improvement of our Countrymen, to increased and unceasing effort. Let it be remembered, that this vast population will constitute one-eighth or one-tenth part of the whole human family; that they will consist of the grand-children and great grand-children of the generation now on the stage; that they will imbibe from us their moral and religious principles; that their character will be moulded in our institutions, and receive all the impression of our virtues and oar vices. If we neglect the education of the rising generation, they will be ignorant. If we permit a single county to remain destitute of ministers, a little nation will soon be withont a preached gospel. On the other hand, if we promote the establishment of schools, if we provide for the education of ministers, if we send missionaries to our destitute settlements, we eventually secure invaluable blessings to a large portion of the human race.

The American people of the present gen eration derive an importance from the relation in which they stand to the future millions who will inhabit this continent, which it becomes them well to appreciate. The effect of every word we utter, and of every action we perform, multiplied tenfold from this circumstance alone. Ho does the sin of Adam swell beyond conception, when we view him as the father of his race, and entailing upon countless millions the fruits of one man's disobedience. In an important sense, we are in the situation of Adam. A new world is to receive, from us, its character and its destiny.

ILLUSTRATIONS OF SCRIPTURE.

THE two last of the following illustrations are, the one from Burckhardt's, and the other from Bruce's, Travels. The rest are taken from Wilson's Travels in Syria and the Holy Land.

Isaiah ii, 4. And they shall beat their swords into ploughshares, and their spears into pruning-hooks. The plough is not moved upon wheels; the share, which is small, scarcely grazes the earth; and it has only one handle, or shaft, for the use of the husbandman to guide it.

He holds it with the right hand. It is made so light, that a person might, with facility, carry it in his arms. The share is coverco with a broad piece of iron, and pointed at the end, which might readily be converted into a weapon of warfare, and again restored to its former state and applied to agricultural purposes.

Psalm lix, 14, 15.

And at evening let them return and make a noise like a dog, and go round about the city. During the whole day, the dogs of the city (Cairo) were perfectly quiet; but the moment the sun went down, they commenced a bideous bark or yell, which continued without intermission till sun-rise. The noise, to those unaccustomed to it, is most disturbing, and places a complete embargo on sleep.

I will be as the dew unto Israel.

Dec. 16. Notwithstanding the sun was powerfully hot yesterday, the cold last night was most excessive, and this morning a prodigious dew with mist has fallen which penetrated to the cabin. We, at first, supposed some fire had broken out, the whole cabin being completely enveloped in a cloud. This dew in the climate of Egypt, where rain seldom falls, is particularly refreshing to the plants of the earth, and is received as a peculiar blessing. It falls heavy like rain during the night, and is rapidly absorbed at sunrise.

Mark v, 38.

And he cometh to the house of the ruler of the synagogue, and seeth the tumult, and them that wept and wailed greatly.

At departing from the convent, my attention was attracted by a crowd of women, arranged in a circular form, who appeared to be overwhelmed with grief and despair, making an extraordinary noise or howl. On com ing up to them, I observed all were surrounding, in a sitting posture, an open grave, containing a coffin, and they were lamenting the loss of a native of the village whose body was deposited in it. Many of them hung down their heads, others were wringing their hands, and weeping bitterly, looking at the same time into the grave. Several were actually howling aloud, in one particular tone, as if suffering acute bodily pain, who, in reality, did appear to feel a deep sorrow on occasion of the loss sustained. On the other hand, I could evidently perceive that many among the group were acting a hired part.

Nehemiah viii, 15, 16. So the people went forth, and brought branches, and made themselves booths, every one upon the roof of his house, &c.

The heat in Tiberias is sometimes so ex> tremely great, from being situated in a hollow or valley, shut in with mountains, that the inhabitants are frequently obliged to have recourse to the tops of their houses to repose

THE SCORNER HUMBLED.

THE simplicity of the following anecdote is characteristic of the Moravian style. The Occurrence took place near Groenekloof, a settlement of the United Brethren in South Africa.

Brother Stein set out to purchase some cattle. On his journey, he spent the night with a farmer, who soon shewed his contempt of religion and religious persons; and, among the rest, of all missionaries and ministers of the church: he concluded his remarks upon them by saying-that he lived and acted as he pleased that there was a time for all things; a time to go to church, a time to dance, and to teach his children to dance; nor need any one be strictly virtuous. Brother Stein replied "And would you dance under the gallows, on which your father had suffered the merited punishment of death?" "God forbid!" exclaimed the farmer: "how could I dance there!" The missionary answered"Then consider, that the Son of God, who is our Creator and our Lord, suffered innocently for us; bearing all our sins, and likewise those in which you seem to delight, in His body, on the cross; becoming a curse for us, and dying a death of pain and torment, far greater than what a man suffers on the gallows. If you reflect on this, you will no longer wish to live the slave of sin." The farmer replied "O Sir, such words I have never heard before: and I beg as a favor, that whenever you, or any of your brethren, come this way, you would always make my house your home."

Sandwich Islands.

As this sheet was going to the press, we received a letter from the Rev. George Burder, Secretary of the London Missionary Society, and Wm. Alers Hankey, Treasurer, enclosing published letters from Messrs. Tyer. man and Bennet, dated at the Sandwich Islands. It will be interesting to the friends of missions to read a few extracts from the easy and familiar correspondence of these gentlemen with their own Society.

After some introductory remarks, stating the object of their voyage, and mentioning some of the missionaries at the islands, they observe:

*

The way was opened, for the admission of missionaries here, in a remarkable manner: Divine Providence having induced the king Rehoreho to cause the idols and morais of these islands to be destroyed, just before our friends came, and, in fact, while they were detained at sea by contrary winds. As their entrance upon the islands was providentially facilitated, so their establishment here is very comfortable. They have the approbation of the king and the principal chiefs; and have been used to have one service in the convenient chapel (which stands near the mission house) on the Lord's Day, and one even. ing service in the course of the week.

From our first reaching these islands, they appeared to us to present a missionary field of the first magnitude, and of the greatest promise; and while lying at Owhybee, before we saw our missionary friends here, we frequently said to each other, "Would God, that missionaries were here, to speak to these people of the wonderful works and the grace of Jehovah, in their own language!" Whilst we were at Owhy hee, the chief of that fine island, and many others, greatly desired that the pious natives who had come with us, and Mr. Ellis, would remain in these islands, "to teach them the Good Book, and all the good things which had been learned in the Society Islands." When we reached this island, many expressed the same wishes respecting Mr. Ellis and our Tabitian friends. But though our hearts yearned with compassion for this numerous, ignorant, and vicious peo. ple, yet these repeated requests were in no degree hearkened to, until the painful provi dence above referred to. While we were meditating, what could be intended by our way being so hedged up, as to prevent our visiting the Marquesas, and even our getting away from these islands, Auna (which is the name of one of the excellent deacons from Huaheine) and his wife, came up to us at the mission house, from the king and queen of Atooi, (with whom Auna and his wife have lived ever since they came to this island) with an earnest request from those important and influential personages.

But before we proceed, perhaps it will be well to mention the singular providence which led to Auna's residence with them. When we landed at this island, while our missionary friends were requesting us, with our Tahitian companions, to take up our res idence at the mission house, a respectable looking person was desiring our companions might go and reside with him, as they were his countrymen, having come from Tahiti some years ago. This was agreed to, and the deacons and their wives went with him. He introduced them into the house of the queen of Atooi; this person being her confidential attendant. Auna's wife soon discov

*This was done in consequence of what he had been informed had taken place in Otaheite, &c.