the southern division of Keang-nân, in February, 1853. This city I visited with our embassy, and have given an account of it in the Sketches of China.'* From the country about this and other captured towns they collected large amounts of supplies and provisions; and with fresh accessions of strength, as they moved onward, they appeared before Nanking at the commencement of March, 1853, and took it with very slight resistance on the 19th of that month, putting all the Tartars to death. This, with the passage of the canal at Chin-keang-foo, has for four years been the term of their real progress; for though two successive armies have been despatched to the neighbourhood of Peking, they have both returned without success, but still unbroken and in good order. The Tae-pings, however, have commanded the valley of the Yang-tse-keang from Nanking as far as Eechang west of the Tungting lake, a distance of several hundred miles, and comprising some of the richest portion of China.
ABACUS, or suân-pân, used in arith- metic, ii. 244
Actors, stage directions to, ii. 150 Affrays, law concerning, i. 290 Agriculture, discouragements to, ii. 324; objects of cultivation, 326; no arti- ficial pastures, 329; allotment of wastes to the poor, 331; manures, 332; irrigation, 334; rice cultiva- tion, 335.
Alceste, H. M. ship, silences Chinese forts, i. 87
Almanac, contents of, ii. 254
American flag hoisted at Canton, i. 65; sailor delivered up to Chinese, 90. Amherst, Lord, embassy of, i. 80 Amherst vessel sent on trading experi- ment, i. 107; failure of the same, 108 Amoy captured, i. 152; a new con- sulate, 159
Amusements, i. 378
Anarchy, hateful to Chinese, i. 259
Anatomy, ignorance of, ii. 228
Arms of military, i. 275 Arrow lorcha, outrage on flag, i. 178 Art of printing, early in China, i. 229; ii. 174; process of, 176 Arts and inventions, ii. 173 Artemisia, species of, the moxa, ii, 227 Assumption, i. 354
Astrology combined with medicine, ii. 223; identical with its former state in Europe, ibid.
Astronomy, knowledge of, ii. 247; of Hindoos compared, 250
Astronomical instruments constructed by Arabians, ii. 251
Averages of the climate at Canton, ii, 321 Aviary at Macao, ii. 275 Ayew, a Chinese linguist, banished to Tartary, i. 77
Ball on cap denoting rank, i. 270
Annals, barren and uninteresting to Bamboo, numerous uses of the, ii. 299
Anson, Commodore, at Canton, i. 44 Apartments described, i. 403 Aphorisms, collection of, ii. 120 Arabians, early visits of, i. 4; super- seded at Peking by Jesuits, ii. 247 Arch, ancient knowledge of the, ii. 267 Architecture, ii. 263
Argo, H. M. ship, measured by Chinese for port-charges, i. 51 Aristocracy of China, official, i. 202 Arithmetic, ii, 243
Banks of rivers planted with fruit-trees, ii. 334
Barbers, numbers of, i. 395 Barometer, monthly averages, ii. 321; extreme depression during typhoons,
Basaltic rocks, ii. 315
Bats ominous of good, ii. 98 Batuta, lbn, his account of China, i. 6 Belles-lettres, consisting of drama, poe- try, and romance, ii. 138 Bells, ii. 196
Biographical works, ii. 133 Birds, ii. 285
Boca Tigris, batteries forced, i. 118: captured, 149; convention signed, 166
Books, printed, ii. 177
of, 466; subject to floods, ibid.; condition of European traders, 468; China-street and Hog-lane, 469; population of town, 471
Cantonese, their superior seamanship, ii. 415
Boots, complimentary ceremony of, i. Caps, i. 385
Bowring, Sir John, i. 177
Braves, a disorderly militia, i. 171
Carnivora, larger kinds scarce, ii. 279 Carving in wood and ivory, ii. 199 Cathcart, Colonel, sent to China, his death, i. 60
Bremer, Sir G., captures Bogue forts, i. Catholic missions, i. 20; scandalous
Bricks turn blue in baking, ii. 312 Bridges, ii. 266
Brougham, Lord, his comments on
China and its institutions, ii. 407. Budhism in China, ii. 37; Indian his- tory of, 38; five interdicts, 40; priests, ibid.; resemblance to po- pery, 41, 53, 57; Chinese objections to, 47; account of, by Mr. Gutzlaff, 50; scriptures in a language un- known to the vulgar, 57; heaven and hell, 60; doctrines, 63; Chinese, 67 Buffalo, small species, ii. 283 Butcher, singular case of, i. 89
Calculating dish, ii. 244
Camellia, is allied to tea-plant, ii. 294 Camphor, used in medicine, ii. 227; timber trees producing, 296 Canal, Imperial, described, i. 185 Candles, mode of making, ii. 193 Cangue, or moveable pillory, punish- ment of, i. 285
Canton, siege of, i. 150; riot, 159; another riot, 160; another, 167; trained volunteers, 168; expedition to, 170
Canton, streets of, i. 453; shops de- scribed, 454; trading associations, ibid.; frequent fires, 457; temples, 464; foreign factories, confined state
disputes of priests, 22; who are denounced and expelled, 25
Celibacy of Budhist priests, ii. 53 Censors, public, i. 268
Census of population, ii. 348 Cercle de Craie, French translation of a play, ii. 154
Ceremonial usages, i. 355 Chain-pump described, ii, 258 Chalky formation, north of Peking, ii.
Chapoo captured, i. 156 Character, good and bad traits of, i. 300 Charms, ii. 94
Checks to population, of the positive kind, ii. 352
Chemistry, practice of, ii. 235 Chě-keang, province of, i. 198 Children, i. 331
Chinese compared with other races of men, i. 307; squabbles with, near Lintin, 109
Chinkeang-foo captured, i. 158 Chinhae captured, i. 154 Chow, dynasty of, i. 221 Christ, Chinese account of, ii. 54 Chusan, first capture, i. 147; second, 153; restored, 166
Civil code of present dynasty, ii. 134 Clanship, prevalence of, in Canton and Fokien, i. 459
Classification of objects in nature, ii. 268 Climate and meteorology, ii. 319 Coal, near Peking, ii. 309; near Poyang Lake, 310; at Canton, 313; its use described by Marco Polo, 314
Coasting trade, restrictions on, ii. 353 Cochin-China, mission to, i. 66; tribu- tary to the empire, 211 Coin of base metal, ii. 367; its in- conveniences, 369; of silver not adopted, 370 Comets, ii. 249
Davis, Sir John, reaches Hongkong, i. 160; receives visit from Keying, 165; expedition to Canton, 170 Debtor and creditor, law of, i. 292 Diet of poor indiscriminate, i. 374 Diet and regimen, essay on, ii. 226 Difficulties of language overrated, ii. 103
Commerce, early, i. 12, 17; internal, ii. 378; foreign, at Canton, 380 Company's trade, termination of, i. 110 Compass, early knowledge of, ii. 184; said to point south, 186; variation of at Peking long known, ibid. Concubinage, legalized, effects of, i. Dispensary at Macao, ii. 241
Dinner, invitation to, i. 361; forms attending, ibid.; description of one, 363
Conveyance of goods, i. 411
Diplomatic forms, i. 356 Discussions in 1829, i. 98
Distillation, process of, ii. 240 Divination, mode of, ii. 100 Division of labour, its advantages ex- plained by Mencius, ii. 17; an argu- ment for different orders in society, 18
Divorce, grounds of, i. 326
Doctor at Canton, ii. 228
Dog, described by White of Selborne, ii. 280
Dogs used for food, i. 374
Cookery, Chinese, resembles French, i. Doris, H. M. ship, in China, i. 78.
371; steam applied to, ii. 240 Corea, a tributary country, i. 211 Corporations at Canton, i. 455 Corundum, ii. 317
Costumes described, i. 383; theatrical,
Cotton, mode of cleaning, ii. 193 Council of state, i. 267
Critique on penal code, from Edinburgh Review, i. 292
Croton Sebiferum, candles made from, ii. 193; tree described, 298
Crows sacred birds, ii. 98
Drama described, ii. 139
Drawing and painting, ii. 213 Dress, summer and winter, i. 385 Drinking games, i. 378 Drug-shops, ii. 226
Drury, Admiral, at Canton, i. 74 Ducks reared in boats, i. 375
Dutch settle on Formosa, i. 26; their
contests with the Chinese, 28; are expelled by force, 31; embassy suf- fered by performing the ko-tow, 81 Dwarf trees, ii. 303
Cultivation, principal objects of, ii. 326 Dwellings described, i. 397
Cycle of sixty years, ii. 250
Davis, Mr., succeeds Lord Napier, i. Eating-houses, i. 376
Education, influence of, i. 257; very general, 332; process of, 333 Elliot, Captain, chief superintendent, i. 124; delivers opium to Lin, 135 Embassy from Marcus Antoninus, i. 3; of Earl Macartney, 60; of Lord Amherst, 80; from China to Khan of the Tourgouths, ii. 130 Emigration, obstacle to, ii, 345 Emperor is worshipped with divine honours, i. 263; has absolute dis- posal of succession, 265; is high priest of heaven, 266 Emperor, new, in 1850, i. 176 English, first visit of, i. 33; trade at Formosa, 37; confined by Tartar dynasty to Canton, 38
Entertainment, imperial, described, i.
Fire of Canton in 1822, i. 94; great General, duties of a, i. 478
Fire-arms forbidden, i. 383
Geographical sketch of empire, i. 180 Geography, science of, ii, 246
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