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the southern division of Keang-nân, in February, 1853. This city I visited with our embassy, and have given an account of it in the Sketches of China.'* From the country about this and other captured towns they collected large amounts of supplies and provisions; and with fresh accessions of strength, as they moved onward, they appeared before Nanking at the commencement of March, 1853, and took it with very slight resistance on the 19th of that month, putting all the Tartars to death. This, with the passage of the canal at Chin-keang-foo, has for four years been the term of their real progress; for though two successive armies have been despatched to the neighbourhood of Peking, they have both returned without success, but still unbroken and in good order. The Tae-pings, however, have commanded the valley of the Yang-tse-keang from Nanking as far as Eechang west of the Tungting lake, a distance of several hundred miles, and comprising some of the richest portion of China.

* Vol. ii. p. 40.

INDEX.

ABACUS.

ABACUS, or suân-pân, used in arith-
metic, ii. 244

Actors, stage directions to, ii. 150
Affrays, law concerning, i. 290
Agriculture, discouragements to, ii. 324;
objects of cultivation, 326; no arti-
ficial pastures, 329; allotment of
wastes to the poor, 331; manures,
332; irrigation, 334; rice cultiva-
tion, 335.

Alceste, H. M. ship, silences Chinese
forts, i. 87

Almanac, contents of, ii. 254

American flag hoisted at Canton, i. 65;
sailor delivered up to Chinese, 90.
Amherst, Lord, embassy of, i. 80
Amherst vessel sent on trading experi-
ment, i. 107; failure of the same, 108
Amoy captured, i. 152; a new con-
sulate, 159

Amusements, i. 378

Anarchy, hateful to Chinese, i. 259

Anatomy, ignorance of, ii. 228

BELLS.

Arms of military, i. 275
Arrow lorcha, outrage on flag, i. 178
Art of printing, early in China, i. 229;
ii. 174; process of, 176
Arts and inventions, ii. 173
Artemisia, species of, the moxa, ii, 227
Assumption, i. 354

Astrology combined with medicine, ii.
223; identical with its former state
in Europe, ibid.

Astronomy, knowledge of, ii. 247; of
Hindoos compared, 250

Astronomical instruments constructed
by Arabians, ii. 251

Averages of the climate at Canton, ii, 321
Aviary at Macao, ii. 275
Ayew, a Chinese linguist, banished to
Tartary, i. 77

B.

Ball on cap denoting rank, i. 270

Annals, barren and uninteresting to Bamboo, numerous uses of the, ii. 299

Europe, ii. 128

Anson, Commodore, at Canton, i. 44
Apartments described, i. 403
Aphorisms, collection of, ii. 120
Arabians, early visits of, i. 4; super-
seded at Peking by Jesuits, ii. 247
Arch, ancient knowledge of the, ii. 267
Architecture, ii. 263

Argo, H. M. ship, measured by Chinese
for port-charges, i. 51
Aristocracy of China, official, i. 202
Arithmetic, ii, 243

Banks of rivers planted with fruit-trees,
ii. 334

Barbers, numbers of, i. 395
Barometer, monthly averages, ii. 321;
extreme depression during typhoons,

323

Basaltic rocks, ii. 315

Bats ominous of good, ii. 98
Batuta, lbn, his account of China, i. 6
Belles-lettres, consisting of drama, poe-
try, and romance, ii. 138
Bells, ii. 196

BIOGRAPHICAL.

Biographical works, ii. 133
Birds, ii. 285

Boca Tigris, batteries forced, i. 118:
captured, 149; convention signed,
166

Books, printed, ii. 177

COAL.

of, 466; subject to floods, ibid.;
condition of European traders, 468;
China-street and Hog-lane, 469;
population of town, 471

Cantonese, their superior seamanship,
ii. 415

Boots, complimentary ceremony of, i. Caps, i. 385

394

Botany, ii. 292

Bowring, Sir John, i. 177

Braves, a disorderly militia, i. 171

Carnivora, larger kinds scarce, ii. 279
Carving in wood and ivory, ii. 199
Cathcart, Colonel, sent to China, his
death, i. 60

Bremer, Sir G., captures Bogue forts, i. Catholic missions, i. 20; scandalous

149

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Bricks turn blue in baking, ii. 312
Bridges, ii. 266

Brougham, Lord, his comments on

China and its institutions, ii. 407.
Budhism in China, ii. 37; Indian his-
tory of, 38; five interdicts, 40;
priests, ibid.; resemblance to po-
pery, 41, 53, 57; Chinese objections
to, 47; account of, by Mr. Gutzlaff,
50; scriptures in a language un-
known to the vulgar, 57; heaven and
hell, 60; doctrines, 63; Chinese, 67
Buffalo, small species, ii. 283
Butcher, singular case of, i. 89

C.

Calculating dish, ii. 244

Camellia, is allied to tea-plant, ii. 294
Camphor, used in medicine, ii. 227;
timber trees producing, 296
Canal, Imperial, described, i. 185
Candles, mode of making, ii. 193
Cangue, or moveable pillory, punish-
ment of, i. 285

Canton, siege of, i. 150; riot, 159;
another riot, 160; another, 167;
trained volunteers, 168; expedition
to, 170

Canton, streets of, i. 453; shops de-
scribed, 454; trading associations,
ibid.; frequent fires, 457; temples,
464; foreign factories, confined state

disputes of priests, 22; who are
denounced and expelled, 25

Celibacy of Budhist priests, ii. 53
Censors, public, i. 268

Census of population, ii. 348
Cercle de Craie, French translation of a
play, ii. 154

Ceremonial usages, i. 355
Chain-pump described, ii, 258
Chalky formation, north of Peking, ii.

308

Chapoo captured, i. 156
Character, good and bad traits of, i. 300
Charms, ii. 94

Checks to population, of the positive
kind, ii. 352

Chemistry, practice of, ii. 235
Chě-keang, province of, i. 198
Children, i. 331

Chinese compared with other races of
men, i. 307; squabbles with, near
Lintin, 109

Chinkeang-foo captured, i. 158
Chinhae captured, i. 154
Chow, dynasty of, i. 221
Christ, Chinese account of, ii. 54
Chusan, first capture, i. 147; second,
153; restored, 166

Civil code of present dynasty, ii. 134
Clanship, prevalence of, in Canton and
Fokien, i. 459

Classification of objects in nature, ii. 268
Climate and meteorology, ii. 319
Coal, near Peking, ii. 309; near Poyang
Lake, 310; at Canton, 313; its use
described by Marco Polo, 314

COASTING.

Coasting trade, restrictions on, ii. 353
Cochin-China, mission to, i. 66; tribu-
tary to the empire, 211
Coin of base metal, ii. 367; its in-
conveniences, 369; of silver not
adopted, 370
Comets, ii. 249

ECLIPSES.

Davis, Sir John, reaches Hongkong, i.
160; receives visit from Keying,
165; expedition to Canton, 170
Debtor and creditor, law of, i. 292
Diet of poor indiscriminate, i. 374
Diet and regimen, essay on, ii. 226
Difficulties of language overrated, ii.
103

Commerce, early, i. 12, 17; internal,
ii. 378; foreign, at Canton, 380
Company's trade, termination of, i. 110
Compass, early knowledge of, ii. 184;
said to point south, 186; variation
of at Peking long known, ibid.
Concubinage, legalized, effects of, i. Dispensary at Macao, ii. 241

Dinner, invitation to, i. 361; forms
attending, ibid.; description of one,
363

323

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Conveyance of goods, i. 411

Diplomatic forms, i. 356
Discussions in 1829, i. 98

Distillation, process of, ii. 240
Divination, mode of, ii. 100
Division of labour, its advantages ex-
plained by Mencius, ii. 17; an argu-
ment for different orders in society,
18

Divorce, grounds of, i. 326

Doctor at Canton, ii. 228

Dog, described by White of Selborne,
ii. 280

Dogs used for food, i. 374

Cookery, Chinese, resembles French, i. Doris, H. M. ship, in China, i. 78.

371; steam applied to, ii. 240
Corea, a tributary country, i. 211
Corporations at Canton, i. 455
Corundum, ii. 317

Costumes described, i. 383; theatrical,

ii. 143

Cotton, mode of cleaning, ii. 193
Council of state, i. 267

Critique on penal code, from Edinburgh
Review, i. 292

Croton Sebiferum, candles made from,
ii. 193; tree described, 298

Crows sacred birds, ii. 98

Drama described, ii. 139

Drawing and painting, ii. 213
Dress, summer and winter, i. 385
Drinking games, i. 378
Drug-shops, ii. 226

Drury, Admiral, at Canton, i. 74
Ducks reared in boats, i. 375

Dutch settle on Formosa, i. 26; their

contests with the Chinese, 28; are
expelled by force, 31; embassy suf-
fered by performing the ko-tow, 81
Dwarf trees, ii. 303

Cultivation, principal objects of, ii. 326 Dwellings described, i. 397

Cycle of sixty years, ii. 250

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Davis, Mr., succeeds Lord Napier, i. Eating-houses, i. 376

120

Eclipses, ii, 249

EDUCATION.

Education, influence of, i. 257; very
general, 332; process of, 333
Elliot, Captain, chief superintendent, i.
124; delivers opium to Lin, 135
Embassy from Marcus Antoninus, i. 3;
of Earl Macartney, 60; of Lord
Amherst, 80; from China to Khan
of the Tourgouths, ii. 130
Emigration, obstacle to, ii, 345
Emperor is worshipped with divine
honours, i. 263; has absolute dis-
posal of succession, 265; is high
priest of heaven, 266
Emperor, new, in 1850, i. 176
English, first visit of, i. 33; trade at
Formosa, 37; confined by Tartar
dynasty to Canton, 38

Entertainment, imperial, described, i.

359

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Fire of Canton in 1822, i. 94; great General, duties of a, i. 478

risk of, 457

Fire-arms forbidden, i. 383

Geographical sketch of empire, i. 180
Geography, science of, ii, 246

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