BIBLI

LONDON: PRINTED BY W. CLOWES AND SONS, STAMFORD STREET,

AND CHARING CROSS.

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The Four Books'

Mencius 'Five Canonical Works'. Book of Sacred Songs-

Historical fragment Book of Rites Confucius' history of his

own times - The 'Yě-king,' its resemblance to the mystical num-

bers of Pythagoras — Theory of creation - Confucian philosophy -

Recogni-

Opinion of Jesuits concerning philo-

Sacrifices

Objects of state worship-

Page 1

CHAPTER XV.

RELIGION-BUDHISM.

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Three systems of religion or philosophy — Indian history of Budhism

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Its introduction into China Its five precepts - Its resemblance

to popery - Monastery near Canton - Pagodas - Chinese objections

to Budhism Debtor and creditor account in religion · Present

condition of Budhism in China - Pagan and Romish practices -

Chinese account of Christ Sacred language Paradise and hell

- Budhist doctrines

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Chinese Budhism

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37

CHAPTER XVI.

RELIGION-TAOU SECT.

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Laou-keun, the Chinese Epicurus - His sect Fragment of old

romance The Philosopher and his Wife' - Origin of Voltaire's

'Zadig' Superstitions - Fatalism - Illustrative tale Charms

and talismans - Belief in ghosts illustrated - Omens Divina-

tion

70

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Neglect of the unities

Stage cos-

Belles lettres The drama - Passion for theatrical exhibitions

Absence of scenic deception

tume Character of plays - Comparison with Greek drama

'The Heir in Old Age' — Analysis of a tragedy - Poetry

ture of verse Character of poetry - Ancient ode Poem on

London Romances and novels The Fortunate Union'.. 138

provement Industrial arts Cleaning cotton

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Struc-

Obstacles to im-

Candle-making

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· Metallurgy - Metallic mirrors Carving Tools Silk ma-

Silkworms - Porcelain manufacture - Egyptian bottle

Three divisions of human knowledge-Contempt for abstract science—

Optics - Union of astrology with medicine - Scheme of physics —

Practice of medicine Ignorance of native doctors - Small-pox

and vaccination - Chemistry Cooking by steam - Distillation

- Dispensaries Science of numbers Geography - Astronomy

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– Lunar year and cycle — Almanac — Mechanics and machinery ·

Architecture The arch

CHAPTER XXI.

NATURAL HISTORY AND PRODUCTIONS.

European researches Mr. Beale's aviary - Zoology

- Mammalia - Birds Reptiles - Fishes - Insects - Botany -

Tea-plant Timber-trees — The bamboo — Useful plants — Fruits

- Flowers Geological features - Abundance of coal-Volcanic

ments to population - Obstacles to emigration - Census - Positive

checks Land-tax

Salt-tax- Taxes on transit

Revenues partly in kind - Grain-junks –

Expenditure-Deficiency of revenue

.. 319

Silver passes by weight

Pawnbroking - Interest of money

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Internal commerce

vantages of Canton for English trade - Origin of Hong merchants

- Imposts on foreign shipping

in opium New law against it

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paration of tea

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Linguists Smuggling Trade

- Black teas

Green teas - Pre-

Spurious green teas European tea-trade-In-

crease of English trade since 1842 .

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367

APPENDIX.

I.-Free Importation and Consumption of Opium..

II.-The Tae-ping Rebellion

411

412

INDEX

417

PLAN OF BUDHIST MONASTERY NEAR CANTON

GATEWAY OF BUDHIST TEMPLE NEAR CANTON

OFFICIATING PRIEST OF BUDHA

THE CHINESE WIDOW FANNING THE GRAVE

TRADING JUNK

CLEANING COTTON

METAL TEAPOT, COVERING EARTHENWARE
PORCELAIN BOTTLE, FROM EGYPTIAN TOMBS
SPECTACLES

CHAIN-PUMP, FROM STAUNTON..

BAMBOO WATER-WHEEL

GARDEN PAVILION

261

.. 265