rina, the latter to the repair of the roads and pavements in the neighbourhood of Athens. No. 378 is a decree of the Boule of the Boeotians, ordaining the election of three extraordinary magistrates to take charge of the recasting some articles of gold and silver belonging to the Temple of Amphiaraus. The back of the tablet records the plate then recast. Visconti considered the tablet to belong to the period of the successors of Alexander, but not to be låter than B.C. 171. Nos. 205, 225, 226, 287, 294, 350, 362, 370, 386, appear to be all fragments of decrees. 6. Miscellaneous Fragments of Inscriptions. The following numbers contain portions of inscriptions with one or more names legible upon them, but which do not appear to be of sufficient interest to deserve separate notice-Nos. 163, 185, 261, 273, 284, 288, 291, 296, 299, 333, 334, 346, 368, 369, 377, 381, 382, 385, 387, 388, 401, 421, 425. VIII.-ARCHITECTURAL FRAGMENTS. It will not be necessary to describe at length any of the fragments of temples and other buildings which may be found in the Elgin Room. We propose only to give the numbers of each subject in order, so that the student of Greek Architecture may be able to pursue his studies with some regard to logical sequence. With this view we shall subdivide this main genus into several species, so as to comprehend as far as possible all objects relating to architecture which are at present in the Elgin Room. 1. Ornaments of roofs. a Fleuron, No. 169 (from Temple of Demeter at Eleusis). No. 418, from Athens. No. 437 (cast from a sepulchral monument). B Antefixal ornaments, No. 389 (from Parthenon); No. 390 (cast); No. 411 (Temple of Aphrodite); Nos. 412, 413, 414, 417 (Athens). y Tile, No. 297, in terra cotta, used to cover the joints of the larger tiles, bearing in front a fleuron and the name of its maker, Athenæus. Lion's head from roof of the Parthenon, No. 393, and fragments, Nos. 365 and 367. 2. Ceiling, from the Erectheion at Athens, No. 108. 3. Coffer, from Erectheion at Athens, No. 117. a Doric, from Propylæa at Athens, No. 131. 8 Frieze, from Erectheion at Athens, Nos. 252-255. from Tomb of Agamemnon at Mycenæ, a most interesting and curious fragment of early Greek architecture, and probably of the heroic age, Nos. 177-180. 5. Architrave, from Erectheion at Athens, Nos. 219, 220. painted Mæander from the peristyle of the Parthenon, No. 399. 6. Columns and parts of Columns. a Doric, capital and shaft from Parthenon, No. 112. γ from Erectheion, No. 125. from Temple of Artemis at Daphne, Nos. 133, 231, 264. from Temple of Artemis Eucleia, No. 398. Column, from Erectheion, No. 110 and No. 125. from Erectheion, No. 114. Base, from Temple at Daphne, No. 135. Shaft and base, from Erectheion, Nos. 126-7. Corinthian capitals, Nos. 233, 268. column (cast from Choragic Monument of Lysicrates, No. 360*.) capital from the interior of the Parthenon, No. 400. 7. Jamb of a door, from Erectheion, No. 115. 8. Mouldings. a Leaf moulding, from Erectheion, No. 116. Note. The above numbers are taken for the present from the last edition of the "Synopsis of the Contents of the British Museum, London, 1851," some of the objects not being as yet marked. LYCIAN ANTIQUITIES. LYCIAN ROOM. THE monuments in the Lycian Room, like those we have described in other parts of the Museum, admit of being grouped under a certain number of general heads, which will facilitate the description of these antiquities, and will enable the student to pursue his investigations in a more connected manner. We therefore propose the following general heads as useful for general reference, without, as we have previously stated in the case of the collections in the Elgin Room, pretending to any scientific arrangement. The present arrangement, indeed, of the room itself precludes a regular and orderly description of the objects contained in it, no one subject or structure being together, and fragments of different ages being placed in inharmonious connection the one with the other: some, too, of the sculptures (as, for instance, those on the tops of the rocktombs) are indistinctly seen, owing to their height above the basement-floor. We propose the following heads as a rough division of the objects in the Lycian Room : I. SCULPTURES FROM AND CONNECTED WITH THE XANTHIAN II. MISCELLANEOUS RELIEFS. III. TOMBS AND SARCOPHAGI. IV. INSCRIPTIONS. V. MISCELLANEOUS FRAGMENTS OF SCULPTURE. VI. ARCHITECTURAL FRAGMENTS. Previous, however, to our giving a description of the monuments themselves, we must say a few words on the subject of their dis covery. The sculptures in the Lycian Room, the very large proportion of which came from one town-Xanthus, together with casts from some other places, as Myra, Cadyanda, and Antiphellus, were discovered by Sir Charles Fellows, during a tour he made through the S.W. of Asia Minor in the year 1838. On his return to England, his representations induced the English Government to fit out two expeditions in the years 1841-2, and 1843-4, over both of which Sir Charles Fellows presided; the first time assisted by Mr. G. Scharf, jun.; and the second time by Mr. Scharf and Mr. Rohde Hawkins. The sculptures in this room are the results of those expeditions. They consist of monuments of various date, from the earliest Greek period down to that of the Byzantine Empire, and are of great value as links in the chain of the history of Greek art. Xanthus, the city from which they have nearly all been procured, appears in ancient times to have undergone great vicissitudes of fortune, and the subjects of the sculptures, no less than the character of their workmanship, indicate certain distinct periods of its history. It may not be uninteresting to mention briefly what we know of this ancient place, as such a notice may tend to put more vividly before the eye of the spectator the course of the monumental records he is inspecting. The real history of Xanthus is much intermixed with the Mythic legends. It would seem to have been originally founded by a Cretan colony, and to have been subsequently augmented by one from Attica. In the Iliad, Sarpedon and Glaucus appear as leaders of the Lycians in the Trojan army, and the former is slain by Patroclus, and his body conveyed by Sleep and Death to Lycia, to be honoured with a stele and tomb. Pandarus, too, the celebrated archer, is believed to have led a tribe of Lycians to the same celebrated contest. From the Trojan War to the time of Croesus, the Lycians were probably independent, and their people chiefly aborigines, with the addition of some Greek settlers: the Lydian monarch is stated to have brought them, as well as the other nations West of the Halys, under his dominion. On the advance of Cyrus into Western Asia, Sardis fell, and with it the empire of Croesus; and a division of the Persian army was sent, under Harpagus, to conquer Lycia, his force consisting of Persians, Dorians, and Ionians. The Ionians had, in their contest with Cyrus, chosen the Glaucidæ, or Royal family of Lycia, for their leaders, and hence Lycia became in an especial manner the object of the hostility of that conqueror. The expedition of Harpagus happened about B.C. 546. The resistance of the natives of the S. W. part of Asia Minor was not of long endurance; the people of Pidarus and Xanthus alone |