this Divinity may be gathered from a comparison of these heads. The countenance is long and oval, which the crobylos above the forehead tended to lengthen still more, serving as an apex to the entire form; in the contour we see combined a soft fulness and a massive firmness. In every feature is manifested a lofty, proud, and clear intelligence, with a tendency in later times to assume the peculiar softness and roundness of the feminine form.

Just as we may gather from a comparison of several heads of Apollo an idea of the general type of that Deity, so we may in like manner study the type of Heracles. In his form the Heroic Ideal is expressed with the greatest force. Strength, proved and steeled by great exertion, is the main feature which early Greek art sought to indicate. Thus, even in the youthful statues of this Hero, concentrated energy is shown in the enormous strength of the muscles of the neck, in the thickly-set short curls of his small head, the comparatively small eyes, and the great size and prominence of the lower part of the forehead. Four distinct periods of life are represented on different heads : first, that of an infant; secondly, that of a beautiful youth; thirdly, that of a young man, with less beauty, but the characteristics of strength more evidently pourtrayed in the lineaments of his countenance; and, lastly, that of an old man, bearded, and with features compressed and earnest, in which the effect of long-continued exertion and fatigue has not been effaced by transient repose. Examples of the second, third, and fourth of these periods are exhibited in the following heads:

No. 46 is a terminal head of the young Heracles, the countenance expressing such beauty as might lead any one at first sight to imagine that the effeminate Dionysus was the subject of the sculptor's art. The short upright hair, however, on the forehead is peculiar to Heracles, and the wreath round his head is of the leaves of the poplar, a tree which was sacred to him. This head was found at Gensano, in 1777.

T. 77 is a head of Heracles in middle age, larger than life, displaying more conspicuously those peculiarities of treatment appropriate to Heracles which we have already pointed out. The hair is short and curly, and rises abruptly from the forehead. A narrow diadem nearly covered by the hair surrounds the head. This head is probably of the Macedonian period. It was formerly in the Barberini Palace. Some small portions have been restored.

T. 75 is a colossal head of Heracles, representing the hero in advanced age, and exhibiting a remarkable hardness of character, and formality in the arrangement of the hair and beard, which is formed of short, stiff, and uniform curls. The moustachio is more flowing. The ears are swollen and lacerated, which was characteristic of the

ancient boxer. This head has been copied from a work in bronze. The same character of workmanship may be observed in the basrelief of Heracles subduing the Mænalian stag. As a copy, it belongs to the Roman period. It was found by Mr. Gavin Hamilton in 1769, at the Pantanella in Hadrian's villa.

No. 11 is a colossal head of Heracles, most probably a copy of the celebrated statue, by Glycon, of Hercules resting from his labours, which was found in the baths of Caracalla, and from its present place of deposit is known by the name of the Farnese Hercules. There are, however, some points of difference between this head and that of the Farnese Hercules, in that the face is broader, the muscles of the cheeks and forehead have more convexity, and the hair of the head and beard is in more distinct masses. The whole head is executed in a bolder style of art, and is characterised by a greater grandeur and sublimity. This head was dug up at the foot of Mount Vesuvius, where it had been buried by the lava from that volcano: it was presented to the Museum by Sir William Hamilton. The nose, right ear, and a splinter on the right cheek are the only restorations which it has received. Another head of Heracles, bequeathed by Mr. Payne Knight, possesses the same character as that just described: it is the head of a personage advanced in years, and is probably a copy somewhat modified from the type of Glycon's statue.

No. 21 is a head of Hermes or Mercury, the features of which admirably pourtray the beauty for which he was celebrated. The head is slightly inclined forward; and the term to which it is attached is modern. The right side of the head has undergone restoration, but the whole of the face, except the tip of the nose, is antique and in excellent preservation. It was purchased in 1812, at the sale of the collection of Mr. Chinnery. This head probably belongs to the period of Praxiteles. The type of Hermes, as conceived by the later Athenian school, seems studied from one of the Attic Ephebi, his form slender but powerful, and his hair cut short and slightly curling. The features indicate a calm and acute intellect and a benevolent disposition, without the proud look of Apollo, and somewhat broader and flatter. The general expression is that of the comeliest youth, the countenance melting into a gentle smile.

T. 79 is the bust of an unknown female, rather larger than life, and apparently rising from the petals of a flower. It has borne various names, but that of Clytie is the one by which it is best known. The flower has been conjectured to be that of the Nymphæa Lotus, whence the bust itself has been sometimes called Isis. The hair, which appears very low upon the forehead, is divided, and falls in small ringlets upon the neck, which, with the left shoulder and part of the bosom, are uncovered. It probably represents the portrait of some lady during the early period of the Roman Empire; perhaps an Empress, in the character of Isis. This bust was purchased at

T. 79. Clytie.

Naples from the Laurenzano family, in whose possession it had been for many years, and is in exquisite workmanship.

T. 54 is also the head of a female larger than life, the name of whom cannot be determinately assigned, as there is no distinguishing attribute. It was at one time generally considered to represent Juno, but it differs materially from those representations of that Goddess with which we are acquainted. The head is not encircled by a diadem, the eyes are small, and there is not the severity and gravity which we might anticipate in a Juno. Mr. Combe has given it the name of Dione, the mother of Venus, to whom the matronly character of the countenance appears to be appropriate. The ears have been pierced to receive ear-rings, and the hair, which is parted in a straight line down the middle of the head, is disposed on each side in wavy locks, somewhat in the style of the Venus found at Ostia. The whole of the head, with the exception of the nose, is antique; the bust is modern.

T. 88 is a fine head, larger than life, inclined to the right and looking upwards. Its general character has led to the supposition that it represents one of the Homeric heroes, perhaps Menelaos,