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same time as a connecting link between
the Senecas and the rest of the Six Na-
tions. But under the constitution adopt-
ed a few months since, and now recog-
nized by the United States and the State
of New York, the chiefs have no political
pre-eminence over the warriors.
short, the existing government is strictly
republican.

SUMMARY.

From the foregoing survey, it will be seen that the Board has under its care twenty-five missions, embracing one hundred and three stations, one hundred and In fifty-eight ordained missionaries, nine of them being also physicians, five licensed preachers, seven physicians not ordained, twenty-four other male and two hundred and eight female assistant missionaries; making four hundred and two laborers

The excitement and agitation growing out of this change, and which even now have subsided only in part, have proved who have been sent forth from this coununfavorable to missionary labor. None have been added to the churches by pro-native preachers, and one hundred other try. Associated with these are thirty

fession; and the number of communicants is somewhat less than it was last year. The schools have not suffered so much; indeed, they have generally been well sustained. And it is not unlikely that the late political movements will give a new impulse to education; inasmuch as the need of more intelligence among the people and higher qualifications in candidates for office, is becoming more and more apparent.

It is gratifying to know that, except when serious epidemics occur, there is a slight increase in the population. There is much reason to believe, moreover, that these Indians will never part with their reservations. In these circumstances, with a sufficiency of excellent land, and enjoying at the same time the kind, fostering care of the State of New York, it may be hoped that they will eventually be raised to political and social equality with the whites. Many of them have already made great advances in general improvement.

ABENAQUIS.

ST. FRANCIS.-P. P. Osunkherhine, Native Preacher.

(1 station; I native preacher.)

native helpers; consequently the whole number of persons in connection with the missions is five hundred and thirty

two.

The number of churches, organized and watched over by these different missions, is eighty-seven; and one thousand nine hundred and thirty-nine hopeful disciples of the Lord Jesus Christ have been reported, within the last year, as having been received into Christian fellowship; making the present number of communicants twenty-five thousand six hundred and fifty-seven.

The educational department embraces seven seminaries for the training of native preachers and teachers, in which there are three hundred and forty-nine scholars; twenty-four other boardingschools, in which there are seven hundred and twenty six pupils; also three hundred and five free schools, in which nine thousand three hundred and fiftyfive children and youth are taught, making the whole number, directly or indirectly under the instruction of the missionaries, ten thousand four hundred and thirty. The common schools at the Sandwich Islands, as they are wholly supported by the natives, are not included in this estimate; though they owe their existence to the Board, and are still dependent for their prosperity and success, upon the coöperation of the missionaries.

There has been no improvement in the state and prospects of this mission during the past year. The roving habits of the Indians interpose a formidable barrier to the progress of the gospel. Even The present number of printing estabthe church members indulge this propen-lishments is twelve; connected with sity in some cases, much to their detriment. The present number of communicants in regular standing is thirty-six; and twenty remain under church censure. The school which has been taught of late by a native, has been discontinued for want of a sufficient number of scholars.

which there are seven type and stereotype founderies, and fonts of type for printing in nearly thirty languages. During the past year 36,061,118 pages are reported as having been printed, making the whole number of pages, from the commencement of the missions, 752,542,318.

INTELLIGENCE FROM THE MISSIONS.

Fuh-chau.

LETTER FROM THE MISSION, JUNE 30, 1849.

THE semi-annual letter from this mission con

Appeal for a Reinforcement.

At the close of the letter the mission appeals for additional laborers to be sent to that field, calling specially for a physician.

We cannot conclude this letter with

tains the following notice of the labors and pros-out expressing a strong desire that a pects of the mission.

Each family has now, daily, one religious exercise in Chinese, for the benefit of those connected with us, as well as

reinforcement of two or three families,

including a physician, may be sent to this mission as soon as practicable. The reasons for this, and particularly for a for our own improvement in the knowl- physician, have been given in previous edge and use of this language. The communications and need not here be repeated. We see no good ground for great object of our mission to this people-to make known to them the gospel changing the opinion we have heretofore -we have endeavored to keep steadily given of the healthiness of this place, in mind, in our studies and efforts for compared with other places in the same latitude. Yet sickness occurs here, as their good; and in view of past experi- it does every where else in our world, ence, we indulge the hope that we shall and when it does occur, it produces not thus labor in vain. Two day-schools much anxiety; occasioning the loss of for Chinese lads, each numbering from time, an increase of expense, and proba twelve to sixteen pupils, have been sustained most of the time, with encourag-vice of a skillful and judicious physician bly a loss of life, which the timely ser ing prospects. Our tract distribution, with other religious exercises, at two different stations, has been daily continued for most of the time under review. The people continue to exhibit an encouraging degree of interest in calling for our tracts, so that during the past six months, we have distributed between four and five thousand copies.

might greatly relieve, and, in many instances, wholly obviate. The native population too, we think, affords a field to a physician for doing good, by simply attending to the calls of individual cases, as at home, and by attempting to improve the native practice, which is not surpassed in India, or in any other heathen country. Christians have been long praying that China might be openLord has granted this petition in a reed to the preaching of the gospel. The markable manner. This is most emphatically true of this place. Here are interior of this vast empire, and having hundreds of thousands, living in the whom the gospel may be preached withintercourse with different parts of it, to that which is caused by our deficiencies out any other restriction or limit than in the knowledge and use of their lan

Our two congregations on the Sabbath, including our teachers and others connected with us, have each usually numbered from thirty to thirty-five. At these exercises, each individual is furnished with one of the Gospels, from which we generally read a chapter and give the sense, with additional remarks as we may be able. We also have sing ing and prayers, as at home; in the former of which all present are encouraged to join. On these occasions, we some that seriousness which is wont to prevail guage. Yet our numbers are few, and in a Christian congregation, and hope, are still diminishing. May the Lord with a trembling heart, that the Spirit of give us all grace to do, as well as to the living God may be moving on these pray, for the millions of China. dark minds, to convert them from the error of their ways. But hitherto we have not been permitted to see our hopes realized in this respect, and can only

times think that we discover a little of

Madras.

pray, and ask our friends to pray, that LETTER FROM MR. WINSLOW, SEPTEM

such glorious conquests of our great Redeemer may be soon witnessed in the midst of this heathen people.

BER 14, 1849.

IT is known to the readers of the Herald that the missions generally, hold an annual meeting at

the time of the annual meeting of the Board. In regard to this meeting of the Madras mission, Mr. Winslow writes as follows:

Yesterday was our annual meeting, held at Chintadrepettah, in unison with our fathers and brethren in America, and all parts of the world where your missions are established. The preceding evening we had our annual united feast, when the different classes of our church were together and enjoyed a social repast, with singing, prayers, and voluntary addresses. Three of the native brethren spoke, much to the purpose, on the benefits of such social intercourse in the promotion of brotherly love, and in doing away the caste distinctions so injurious to the church in this country. Mr. Muzzy, from Madura, also gave some account of a similar social entertainment there, last year, and of the difficulties of their mission from caste. Mr. Henry M. Scudder and myself also made some remarks. The evening was pleasantly and profitably spent.

The Communion Service.

There were three or four candidates who wished admission to the church at this time; but it was thought best to defer their admission to another season.

Madura.

LETTER FROM MR. MUZZY, JULY 1, 1849.

Notice of a Native Christian.

MR. MUZZY mentions the death of an aged native member of the church, named Parkeanarthan, and gives the following account of him,

which will be read with interest.

He was a respectable trader of the merchant, or high velalah caste, and lived in the village of Coodahreperttee, about three miles from our congregation of Moomcorlum, and fifteen from here. He had a family of eight children, nearly all of whom were married when I first became acquainted with him, and five of them lived in the same house with him.

He had ever been, as far as I could learn, a conscientious and consistent At the communion to-day there was heathen, and a very respectable man. an introductory service, attended by the And so much engaged was he in the reboys of the English school, about one ligion of his fathers, that he built a temhundred and twenty in number, the first ple and became a kind of priest, and had and second classes of the girls and boys a considerable number of disciples. in the vernacular schools, with teachers When consulted for the sick, as he often and several other adults, besides the was, he would take his silver-mounted Christians connected with us. In the ratan, which he used as a wand, and course of the exercises an account was saying some prayers over it would send given of the progress of Christianity it to be laid upon the sick person for his from the beginning throughout the recovery. This wand, with his sacred world, and of the operations of the thread, ashes and beads, were given up American Board from its commence- when he renounced heathenism, and are ment, and the present state of its mis- now in my possession. sions. An infant son of Mr. Dulles, as In the year 1844 or '45, as he was one a sort of grand-child of the mission, was day at a village where the catechist was baptized. The Lord's Supper was cele- explaining the Scriptures, he heard him brated after the greater part of the con- read a passage which seemed to be set gregation had left, that there might be home, by the Spirit, upon his heart. He more quietness; and we enjoyed a re- immediately stopped the catechist and freshing season. All the mission fami- asked him to read that passage again, lies were present except Mrs. Hunt, who and then again, and then, thinking for a is at Bangalore, and Mrs. Dr. Scudder, few moments, he said, "That is a wonnot well. Mr. Muzzy, from Madura, Mr. derful passage, really." Although he William W. Scudder from Jaffna, and had an earthen jar full of books, which Mr. Martz, lately arrived from America, he had at different times received from were also present; making in all, about the missionaries, and had probably read fifty at the table. The thought was this passage before, it now assumed altocheering, that though a little band here, gether a different appearance. He beand in the midst of the heathen, we came very much interested in it and were joined in spirit with the thousands remained with the catechist nearly all of Israel in our native land, and the that day, and the next, and so on for thousands also in foreign lands, rejoicing three weeks, asking questions and listenin the same faith and the same services. ing to the reading and explanation of

the Scriptures, and prayer. So much engaged was he that he gave up all other business, and seemed to have all his faculties absorbed in seeking the salvation of his soul; and, to his own satisfaction, and in the judgment of all who knew him, he had found the "pearl of great price." He was full of joy and love to his Savior, and .to him who had been made the instrument of his conversion. He soon went to his friends and told them of the precious Savior he had found, and urged them to come and taste of his goodness for themselves. But they were astonished at him. Some attributed the change to a possession of the devil, while others thought it a very great pity that such a respectable man should be crazy. But he was bold and earnest with them, and urged them to renounce their heathenism and all their sins, and to accept of Christ as their God and Savior. He said that many years since he had heard of the true God, that he was one, and that he was every where present. This he believed, and had ever since felt a strong desire to find and worship him. For this purpose he had taken much pains to examine the different religious systems of this country; but none had satisfied his desire, or answered the expectation which he had entertained till now; and now he was fully satisfied. He was very sure that he had found the true God, and hoped to be enabled to worship him the remainder of his days.

He renounced heathenism and caste at once. In the presence of a large number of people, he invited me to eat with him, and at the same time partook with me of food cooked by a low caste person.

About two years after he united with the church, a disease with which he had long been afflicted became so severe as to confine him to the house nearly all the time; yet he continued to talk with persons who came to see him. His trials were now very much increased, as his children and neighbors took this opportunity to persecute and abuse him. They would not permit the catechists or teachers, after our movement on caste, to come to the house or see the old man at all; nor would they permit any one to read the Bible to him, or suffer him to pray aloud when they could prevent it. As he was worn out with disease and old age, and was perfectly helpless and could not avoid them, he often suffered much from their neglect and violent and abusive language; as also from a want of the necessaries of life, although he and his family possessed a competence. Yet he was enabled to hold out with patience and firmness. He often attempted to come where the catechist was, and to see me; but his friends prevented him. Sometimes they would prevent him from setting out, and once when he had proceeded three or four miles, they overtook him and turned about the cart in which he was riding, and drove him home again. Once when, after great exertion and fatigue, he had reached the house of his daughter, three or four miles distant, because some cattle which had been sick for some time happened to die then, it was attributed to his Christianity, and he was hurried off, all worn out as he was, and sent back to his home again.

These annoyances were so severe and long continued that they brought him near to the grave, when I sent and This, of course, brought upon him a brought him to Madura, and took care of violent persecution. Not only his disci- him for a number of months. The evanples and neighbors joined in it, but his gelical society at this station supported own family turned against him, and he him, and he was much rejoiced to be suffered much from their opposition and where he could enjoy Christian priviabuse; yet he held on his way with firm-leges. With joy glistening in his eyes, ness and constancy. Not being able to he would say it appeared to him like see well, he took with him a small grand- heaven. His disease continued to unson to read the Scriptures, while he ex-dermine his constitution, and he soon plained them to the people, as he went became so weakened and broken down from house to house; and thus he spent by it that he could not enjoy the meetthe most of his time, in making known ings, or remain in them long at a time; the preciousness of the Savior he had yet he would have some one of the found, and in efforts to induce others to young men of the preparandi class read embrace him. the Scriptures to him and pray; and he would often say that the thoughts of the Savior were very sweet to him,-they were his joy and rejoicing. As he became still more feeble, and as it was evident that he could not continue long,

After a trial of some months, he was baptized and admitted to the church at the east station here, and we have ever since had reason to believe him one of the Lord's chosen ones.

his friends came and took him home, while all the rest were in darkness, I where after lingering a week or so he could not but think of it as an illustrawas taken, as we trust, from this world of sorrow to his Father's house.

He was so far from us that we could not well see him, but to the catechist who saw him a few days before his death, he gave assurances of his firmness in the faith; and wished him and his family to call us when he died, that he might be buried in a Christian manner; saying that he had been separated from the heathen in a part of his life and he wished to be so in his death. For this purpose he had procured a coffin some years before; but, through the opposition of his family, this privilege was denied him. They did not inform us of his death until after they had burned the body.

It would have been a privilege to have been with him in his last hours, and to have heard his dying testimony in favor of the religion which he professed; but the evidence which he gave while in life and health encourages us to believe that he was a true Christian, and that he is now at rest with his Redeemer.

Maloor.

Maloor is one of the out-stations under the care of Mr. Muzzy, about twenty miles from Madura. In the former part of his letter he speaks of the congregations there as suffering for want of more constant supervision than he is able, at so great a distance, to give them, and says a missionary is much needed there. At a later date he adds:

Since commencing this letter I have visited Maloor and the villages in its vicinity. Although the want of a missionary at the place is much felt there, yet there are many things to encourage us to labor on at the present disadvantage even. The members of the congregations mostly recited Scripture lessons, and appear to improve in a knowledge of the gospel; and numbers more would unite with us, I think, were there a missionary there to take care of them. It was quite encouraging to see, as we did in some places, fifteen or twenty individuals of all ages, fathers, mothers and children, all reading together the Scriptures and Scripture catechisms.

At one place we were obliged to hold the meeting after dark; and as only our people could be accommodated within, while large numbers of the town's people sat in rows in front of our shed of a school-house, and the feeble rays of our lamp rendered visible only the front row,

tion of their moral condition. The light of the gospel, which they so seldom see, and which, by their lack of perception, is to them so faint and dim, renders visible the condition of only a few, while the whole mass of the population are enveloped in gross darkness. But we would be encouraged by the precious assurance that "the people which sat in darkness, saw great light; and to them which sat in the region and shadow of death, light is sprung up." Oh, for the day when the Sun of righteousness shall arise on all this gloomy land.

In a village near Maloor, which I had not visited before, the principal women came out bringing brass plates containing a little ground pepper and water, and, arranging themselves near, reached out the plates towards me and made a continuous and loud noise, which was a kind of salute, for which they expected a reward. The crowd here listened to the gospel with attention, and showed, by the questions they asked, that they understood a part at least of what was spoken.

In another large village near the one just mentioned, the people appeared exceedingly ignorant even for heathen. They could neither read nor understand much of what was said. We saw few if any temples, but observed, fastened with long iron chains to the limbs of a tree near where we stopped, a great number of sharp crooked instruments in the form of small bush hooks, called the half-sword, of very general use here, and a number of lamps and a lantern. The people said that they were their gods, adding that "to this degree only was their knowledge." It is a practice with some castes in this country to worship the implements of their trade or calling, expecting thereby to obtain prosperity. When we attempted to show them the folly of these things, they appeared ready to admit it, but repeated again, "to this degree only is our knowledge."

Bombay.

LETTER FROM MR. ALLEN.

THE following communication from Mr. Allen will be read with much interest by those who desire to obtain definite and correct impressions in regard to what there is encouraging in the present state of things in India. It will be seen that some light is rising on the darkness; that to

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