Recapitulation of Elementary Principles $ 201; Meaning of VEHEMENT, VIGOROUS AND APPELLATORY SELECTIONS. Assertive, Positive Style: Mainly Downward Inflections, § 211. Against Curtailing the Right of Suffrage Resistance to British Aggression *The War Inevitable, March, 1775 - *The Declaration of Independence Rienzi's Address to the Romans Civil War the Greatest National Evil, 1829 Union with Great Britain, 1800 The South during the Revolution, 1830 South Carolina and Massachusetts, 1830 - Military Supremacy Dangerous to Liberty *Marked for Emphasis and Gesture. Antithetical and Ironical Style: Circumflex Inflections, § 213. Illustrative Style: References to Man and Nature, § 219. * Marked for Emphasis and Gesture. ORATOR'S MANUAL. VOCAL CULTURE. GENERAL DIRECTIONS HOW TO USE THE ORGANS WHILE BREATHING, VOCALIZING AND ARTICULATING. 1. Always inhale through the nostrils. a. These warm and filter the air, and thus prevent it from either chilling or irritating the vocal passages. If the mouth is open, as in speaking, keep the back of the tongue against the palate. When inhaling in this way the voice will not become husky. 2. Always draw the air into the lungs by making the abdomen press forward, and force the air out, whether vocalized or not, by contracting the abdomen, or making it sink in. a. Under the breathing and over the digestive organs, separating the two, is the diaphragm, the muscles of which are so formed as to act in the lungs like a piston in a pump's cylinder. These are the only muscles in the body so made and placed as to draw into the lungs all the air possible; or to force it out of them in such a way as to produce the most powerful and effective sounds. When this diaphragm sinks, to draw in the air, it crowds down the abdomen and pushes it outward. When the diaphragm rises, to force out the air, it contracts and draws in the abdomen. Babes and strong men breath and speak thus, naturally. Weak persons, and those who sit or stoop much, acquire a habit of using mainly the muscles of the upper chest, the lifting of which, in order to inhale, draws the abdomen in, and the dropping of which, in order to exhale, forces the abdomen out. This habit weakens the lower lungs, by keeping one from using them. It weakens, also, the upper lungs, by employ |