nity, thou hast built a paper-mill. It will be proved to thy face that thou hast men about thee that usually talk of a noun and a verb, and such abominable words as no Christian ear can endure to hear. Thou hast appointed justices of

peace, to call poor men before them about matters they were not able to answer. Moreover, thou hast put them in prison; and because they could not read, thou hast hanged them; when, indeed, only for that cause they have been most worthy to live. Thou dost ride in a foot-cloth,(161) dost thou not? Say. What of that?

Cade. Marry, thou oughtest not to let thy horse wear a cloak, when honester men than thou go in their hose and doublets.

Dick. And work in their shirt too; as myself, for example, that am a butcher.

Say. You men of Kent,

Dick. What say you of Kent?

Say. Nothing but this, 'tis bona terra, mala gens.

Cade. Away with him, away with him! he speaks Latin. Say. Here me but speak, and bear me where you will. Kent, in the Commentaries Cæsar writ,

Is term'd the civill'st place of all this isle:

Sweet is the country, beauteous, full of riches; (1)
The people liberal, valiant, active, wealthy; (163)
Which makes me hope you are not void of pity.
I sold not Maine, I lost not Normandy;
Yet, to recover them, would lose my life.
Justice with favour have I always done;

Prayers and tears have mov'd me, gifts could never.

(161) in a foot-cloth,] The original play and the second folio have on a footcloth;" but the reading of the first folio is equally right. Compare Jonson's Case is altered, act iv. sc. 4 (Works, vi. 394, ed. Gifford), "I'll go in my foot-cloth, I'll turn gentleman."

(162) Sweet is the country, beauteous, full of riches;] The folio has "Sweet is the Country, because full of Riches."-"Because' has undoubtedly usurped the place of some epithet, in all probability 'beauteous.' "Sweet' is wholesome." Walker's Crit. Exam., &c., vol. iii. p. 162,-where, in a note, Mr. W. N. Lettsom remarks, "So Hanmer, whose excellent correction ["beauteous"] was rejected by Capell, and has been since forgotten."

(163) wealthy;] Mr. Collier's Ms. Corrector and Hanmer substitute "worthy."

When have I aught exacted at your hands,
But to maintain the king, the realm, and you ?(16)
Large gifts have I bestow'd on learnèd clerks,
Because my book preferr'd me to the king:
And, seeing ignorance is the curse of God,
Knowledge the wing wherewith we fly to heaven,
Unless you be possess'd with devilish spirits,
You cannot but forbear to murder me:

This tongue hath parley'd unto foreign kings
For your behoof,-

Cade. Tut, when struckest thou one blow in the field? Say. Great men have reaching hands: oft have I struck Those that I never saw, and struck them dead.

Geo. O monstrous coward! what, to come behind folks? Say. These cheeks are pale for watching for your good. Cade. Give him a box o' th' ear, and that will make 'em red again.

Say. Long sitting to determine poor men's causes

Hath made me full of sickness and diseases.

Cade. Ye shall have a hempen caudle,(165) then, and the help of hatchet.(166)

(164) When have I aught exacted at your hands,

But to maintain the king, the realm, and you?]

The folio has "Kent to maintaine, the King," &c.,-the word "Kent" having crept in here by some mistake, perhaps in consequence of its occurring three times a little above.-Steevens conjectured "Bent to maintain the king," &c.; which does not well suit the context.-I have no hesitation in adopting the correction of Johnson, "But to maintain the king," &c.,-which Walker (Crit. Exam., &c., vol. iii. p. 162) pronounces to be "undoubtedly" the right reading.—Mr. Singer and Mr. Collier print "Kent, to maintain the king," &c.,-supposing "Kent" to be addressed to the Kentish men which appears to me no less strange than Mr. Collier's objection to Johnson's emendation "But,”—that it makes Lord Say acknowledge himself guilty of exaction.

and

(165) caudle,] So the fourth folio.-The earlier eds. have "Candle." (166) the help of hatchet.] Altered in the second folio to "the help of a hatchet."-Farmer conjectured "pap with a hatchet" (a cant_phrase of the time).-Steevens gave "the pap of a hatchet."-The Rev. J. Mitford (Gent. Magazine for Nov. 1844, p. 458) would read ". the helve of a hatchet:" but why the handle of that instrument?— Steevens says that "the help of a hatchet is little better than nonsense,' forgetting that "a hempen caudle" properly comes under the head of nonsense also if we allow of the latter prescription for Lord Say's "sickness and diseases," we surely need not be offended at the former.

Dick. Why dost thou quiver, man?

Say. It is the palsy,(167) and not fear, provokes me.

Cade. Nay, he nods at us, as who should say, I'll be even with you: I'll see if his head will stand steadier on a pole, or no. Take him away, and behead him.

Say. Tell me wherein have I offended most?
Have I affected wealth or honour,-speak?
Are my chests fill'd up with extorted gold?
Is my apparel sumptuous to behold?

Whom have I injur'd, that ye seek my death?
These hands are free from guiltless blood-shedding,
This breast from harbouring foul deceitful thoughts.
O, let me live!

Cade. [aside] I feel remorse in myself with his words; but I'll bridle it: he shall die, an it be but for pleading so well for his life.-Away with him! he has a familiar under his tongue; he speaks not o' God's name. Go, take him

away, I say, and strike off his head presently; and then break into his son-in-law's house, Sir James Cromer, and strike off his head, and bring them both upon two poles hither.

All. It shall be done.

Say. Ah, countrymen! if when you make your prayers, God should be so obdurate as yourselves,

How would it fare with your departed souls?

And therefore yet relent, and save my life.

Cade. Away with him! and do as I command ye.

[Exeunt some with Lord Say. The proudest peer in the realm shall not wear a head on his shoulders, unless he pay me tribute; there shall not a maid be married, but she shall pay to me her maidenhead ere they have it: men shall hold of me in capite; and we charge and command that their wives be as free as heart can wish or tongue can tell.

up

Dick. My lord, when shall we go to Cheapside, and take commodities upon our bills?

(167) It is the palsy,] So The First Part of the Contention, &c.-The folio has "The Palsie."

Cade. Marry, presently.

All. O brave!

Re-enter Rebels, with the heads of Lord SAY and his Son-in-law.

Cade. But is not this braver ?—Let them kiss one another, for they loved well when they were alive. Now part them again, lest they consult about the giving-up of some more towns in France. Soldiers, defer the spoil of the city until night for with these borne before us, instead of maces, will we ride through the streets; and at every corner have them kiss.-Away! [Exeunt.

Alarums.

SCENE VIII. Southwark.

Enter CADE and all his rabblement.

Cade. Up Fish-street! down Saint Magnus'-corner! kill and knock down! throw them into Thames!-[A parley sounded, then a retreat.] What noise is this I hear? any be so bold to sound retreat or parley, when I command them kill?

Enter BUCKINgham and old CLIFFORD, with Forces.

Dare

Buck. Ay, here they be that dare and will disturb thee: Know, Cade, we come ambassadors from the king

Unto the commons whom thou hast misled;

And here pronounce free pardon to them all

That will forsake thee and go home in peace.

0. Clif. What say ye, countrymen? will ye relent, And yield to mercy whilst 'tis offer'd you;

Or let a rebel (168) lead you to your deaths?

Who loves the king, and will embrace his pardon,
Fling up his cap, and say, "God save his majesty!"

(168) rebel] The folio has "rabble."-I give the emendation of the two Ms. Correctors, Mr. Collier's and Mr. Singer's; and, though it requires nothing to confirm it, I may mention that in the corresponding speech of the older play Cade is termed "this monstrous Rebell here."

Who hateth him, and honours not his father,

Henry the Fifth, that made all France to quake,
Shake he his weapon at us, and pass by.

All. God save the king! God save the king!

Cade. What, Buckingham and Clifford, are ye so brave? -And you, base peasants, do ye believe them ?(169) will you needs be hanged with your pardons about your necks? Hath my sword therefore broke through London gates, that you should leave me at the White Hart in Southwark? I thought ye would never have given out (170) these arms till you had recovered your ancient freedom: but you are all recreants and dastards, and delight to live in slavery to the nobility. Let them break your backs with burdens, take your houses over your heads, ravish your wives and daughters before your faces for me, I will make shift for one; and so, God's curse light upon you all!

All. We'll follow Cade! we'll follow Cade!

0. Clif. Is Cade the son of Henry the Fifth,
That thus you do exclaim you'll go with him?
Will he conduct you through the heart of France,
And make the meanest of you earls and dukes?
Alas, he hath no home, no place to fly to;
Nor knows he how to live but by the spoil,
Unless by robbing of your friends and us.
Were't not a shame, that whilst you live at jar,
The fearful French, whom you late vanquished,
Should make a start o'er seas, and vanquish you?
Methinks already in this civil broil

I see them lording it in London streets,

Crying "Viliaco!" unto all they meet.(171)

(169) them?] The folio has "him." (These two words are very often confounded in old books: see note 168 on As you like it.)

(170) given out] Walker (Crit. Exam., &c., vol. iii. p. 162) would read "given over." But, says Mr. Staunton, "to give out in the sense of resign or surrender is yet current among the vulgar."

(171) Crying "Viliaco!" unto all they meet.] The folio has "Crying Villiago," &c.-Theobald printed "Crying, Villageois," &c.; which Capell (see his note) adopted with hesitation; and Mr. Hunter (New Illust. of Shakespeare, ii. 73) has protested against.-The old reading "villiago," or more properly "viliaco," is a term of reproach which we not unfrequently find in our early writers. So in Every Mun out of his Humour,