cushion; also a stuffing or bolstering used in women's garments (Cotgrave).

Covert barn.-Covert baron, i.e. under the protection of a husband, the queen being said to be secretly married.

Concustable.-Probably "of equal cost with." Compare costable, expensive. "Čustade costable when eggs and crayme be geason" (Babees Book). Coltstaves.-Colestaff, cowlstaff, a staff for carrying a [cowl or] tub that has two ears (Halliwell). Burton speaks of witches "riding in the air upon a coulstaff, out of a chimney-top." Riding on a colestaff was a summary mode of executing popular judgment. H. WEDGWOOD.

BILLERICAY (5th S. vii. 28.)-Carlisle (in 1808) writes this name Billerecay or Billerca; and he gives a Billerica, co. Somerset. In Morant's history of the county (1768) the name is written Billerca. In 1395 it appears as Billerica in an Inquis. 9 Ric. II. Morant shows that in 1343 it was called Beleuca, which he thinks was "probably derived from the old word baleuga or banleuga, a territory or precinct round a borough or manor; in Fr. banlieu." Cowel writes:"Bannum vel banleuga, the utmost bounds of a manor or town, so used 47 Hen. III., Rot. 44, Carta Canuti Regis Coenobio Thorneia. Notum facio, me eleemosynam nostram Christo concessisse et omnibus Sanctis suis, &c., viz., primo Terram illam a Twiwella usque Therney, ubi Bannum nostrum cessat. Banleuca de Arundel, is used for all comprehended within the limits or lands adjoining, and so belonging to the castle or town (Seld., Hist. of Tithes, p. 75)." Littré renders Banlieue, "territoire dans le voisinage et sous la dépendance d'une ville, de ban et lieue, lieue du ban, c'est-à-dire, distance à laquelle s'étendait le ban seigneurial." R. S. CHARNOCK.

Junior Garrick.

ST. PETER'S WIFE AND DAUGHTER (5th S. vii. 107.)-The wife and daughter of St. Peter are thus noticed by Cornelius a Lapide, in the remarks inserted in his note on St. Matthew viii. 4 :—

"When St. Peter was called by Christ, he left his wife and daughter, whose name was Petronilla, after her father's, and followed Him. St. Peter's wife was called Perpetua, according to one authority, but according to others Concordia, or Mary. She was a convert, and when she was led to martyrdom for the faith, was encouraged by St. Peter with these words: O wife! remember the Lord,'-that is, remember Christ, who willingly endured for thee the death of the cross, that in thy turn thou mayest nobly shed thy blood for Him.' Clem. Alex., Strom., lib. ii. [cor. vii., and after him Euseb., Hist., cap. xxx. His daughter Petronilla because of her beauty was sought in marriage by a certain nobleman named Flaccus; she desired a respite of three days.

and on the third day, after receiving from a priest the holy Eucharist, expired. She died a Virgin. Her name is commemorated on May 31. Her relics are venerated in the church of St. Peter, at Rome."

"INMATE" (5th S. vi. 469; vii. 55.)-In his translation of the Iliad, George Chapman uses the word inmate in a sense which illustrates its old meaning. He is translating the speech of Achilles to Patroclus in Book XVI. of the Iliad. Achilles affirms that Agamemnon has treated him as Tu ἀτιμητον μεταναστην, which phrase Chapman renders, "A fugitive, an inmate in a towne, That is no citie libertine nor capable of their gowne." The use of the word inmate as equivalent to aτnтos petavaστns, a "despised wanderer," shows that it was in his day almost equivalent to our words "vagrant" and "tramp."

Chorlton-cum-Hardy.

NICOLAI C. Scпoг, Jun.

REV. ROBERT TAYLOR (5th S. vi. 429; vii. 54.)-He was a man of great talent and learning, notwithstanding the peculiarity of his opinions and expression. The only work of his that I have seen is "The Diegesis: being a Discovery of the Origin, Evidences, and Early History of Christianity, never yet before or elsewhere so fully and faithfully set forth. By the Rev. Robert Taylor, A.B., M.R.C.S. 8vo., London, Richard Carlile, 1833," where his great talent and learning are It was written from Oakham evident enough. Gaol, and the following is the excellent and most respectful dedication :

:

"To the Master, Fellows, and Tutors of St. John's College, Cambridge.

"Reverend and Learned Sirs,-In remembrance of the high sense your learned body were pleased to express of my successful studies, when I received your general vote of thanks, delivered to me by the Master himself, the late Dr. Craven, for the honour you were pleased to consider that my poor talents and application, in statu pupillari, had conferred on our college, which holds such distinguished rank in the most distinguished university in the world; I very respectfully dedicate the Diegesis, the employment of my many solitary hours in an unjust imprisonment, incurred in the most glorious cause that ever called virtue to act, or fortitude to suffer. You will appreciate (far beyond any wish of mine that you should seem to appreciate) the merits of this work. Your assistance for the perfecting of future editions by animadversion on any errors which might have crept into the first, and the feeling with respect to it, which I cannot but anticipate though it may never be expressed, will amply gratify an ambition whose undivided aim was to set forth truth, and nothing else but truth.

"ROBERT TAYLOR, A.B., Prisoner. "Oakham Gaol, Feb. 19, 1829."

And it seems, from J. E. B., that he was in Horsemonger Lane Gaol in 1832, having been sentenced to two years' imprisonment; and when he was

liberated in 1834, an action for breach of promise of marriage was brought against him by a Miss Richards (afterwards Mrs. Dorey), he having married a woman of property, and she obtained a verdict against him of 2501.; but this sum he never paid, and probably soon after this retired to France and practised as a surgeon in Tours, where he continued to live till the time of his decease in 1844. It was said that he had renounced his deistical opinions, and that he had left a large quantity of manuscript respecting revealed religion; if so, the party in whose possession it now is will very likely be the only one able to state the precise import of it.

Soon after his decease, the following notice respecting him appeared in the John Bull newspaper, London, Saturday, October 12, 1844 :

"THE REV. ROBERT TAYLOR.- This misguided man, who made himself notorious as an infidel preacher and writer, is no more. He died in the early part of last month at Tours, in France. Robert was the youngest son of a respectable ironmonger, who amassed considerable property and sent his son to Cambridge, where he gained honours. He afterwards obtained a curacy, but, preaching deistical doctrines, was stripped of his gown. His brother, a highly respectable tradesman, who survives him, endeavoured to persuade Robert to sever himself from Carlile, but in vain. Taylor lectured and preached in coffee-shops, public rooms, chapels, and in fact everywhere that he could collect auditors, both in London and in the provinces. During the mayoralty of Alderman Brown, Taylor was committed to the Compter. There, in company with Carlile, Miss Richards (better known now as Mrs. Dorey, the party implicated in the Barber and Fletcher forgeries) visited him. An affection grew up between them, and Taylor gave the lady a promise of marriage. Subsequently, Taylor was sentenced to two years' imprisonment for blasphemy. At the expiration of his sentence he married the lady who is now his widow. He renounced, or professed to renounce, his deistical principles. Miss Richards brought an action for breach of promise of marriage and received 250. damages. This sum Taylor never paid. He retired to Tours, where he practised as a surgeon, he being, as he himself stated, a member of the Royal College of Surgeons, London. Dr. Taylor was for some time in a delicate state of health, and died as above stated. He was fifty-two years of age. He had written several works, and has left, it is said, a mass of manuscript on the subject of revealed religion."

D. WHYTE.

"CARPET KNIGHT": "NINE DAYS' WONDER

work the following quotation from the Bibliotheca Anglo-Poetica :

"There was a real Order of Knighthood which bore the appellation of Knights of the Carpet, as it appears that William Lord Burgh was made a Knight of the Contemporary Carpet on the 2nd of October, 1553. writers speak of the order with great contempt. The present poem is in the Hudibrastic measure, and divided into twelve cantos, each having the name of a month." It is more probable, however, that the name was originally given to one who was dubbed a knight on a carpet at court, and not for his bravery on the field of battle. Nares quotes examples from Randle Holmes, Massinger, and Harrington, and "carpet-squire" from Turberville's Tragicall Tales, 1587. Kemp's "Nine Daies Wonder. Performed in a Daunce from London to Norwich, 1600," is well known, having being edited for the Camden Society by Mr. Dyce in 1840. A. SMYTHE PALMER.

Lower Norwood, S.E.

Sir Thomas Fitzherbert, of Norbury, was "dubbed a Knight of the Carpet" at the coronation of Edward VI. (Strype's Memorials, vol. ii. pt. ii. p. 328). J. CHARLES COX.

VERSES ON THE INADEQUATE POWERS OF PORvi. 276, 370; vii. 38, 136.)—I have in my library TRAITURE (5th S. iv. 363, 416, 496; v. 238, 497; Andrews's Private Devotions, with his portrait, under which are the following:

66 The lineaments of art have well set forth
Some outward features, though no inward worth;
But to these lines his writings added can
Make up the fair resemblance of a man.
For as the body's form is figur'd here,
So there the beauties of his soul appear;
Which I had praised, but that in this place
To praise him were to praise him to his face."
By another hand :—

"If ever any merited to be

The universal bishop, this was he

Great Andrews, who the whole vast sea did drain
Of learning, and distill'd it in his brain.
These pious drops are of the purest kind,
Which trickled from the limbeck of his mind."
WM. FREELOVE.

Bury St. Edmunds.

"OVER THE HILLS AND FAR AWAY" (5th S. vi.

vester's translation of Du Bartas, 1621 :

"But may one hope in Champions of the Chamber,
Soft Carpet-knights, all senting Musk and Amber
(Whose chief delight is to be over-com),
Vn-danted hearts that dare not Over-com?"

Diuine Weekes and Workes, p. 311, fol.

Cotgrave has: "Muguet, a fond wooer, or courter of wenches; an effeminate youngster'; a spruce Carpet-knight." Pendragon, or the Carpet Knight his Kalendar, was the title of a volume of Hudibrastic verse printed in 1698. Mr. Hazlitt, in his Notes and Collections, appends to his notice of this

oft-quoted line was taken from Farquhar's play of The Recruiting Officer, and was afterwards used by Swift and others.

In Time's Telescope for the year 1828 (p. 114), a song is given in which the words occur frequently. The date assigned to this production is 1714, which is thus accounted for :—

"The memorial of the Princess Sophia and the Elector should be taken to drive the Pretender from the Court of of Hanover, among other things, requests that steps Lorraine to Italy; but from a subsequent proclamation of Queen Anne, her Majesty's attempt to effect this

A Song.

Bring in a bowl, I'll toast a health

To one that has neither land nor wealth;
The bonniest lad you ever saw

Is over the hills and far awaw,
Over the hills and over the dales;
No lasting peace till he prevails.
Pull up, my lads, with a loud huzza,
A health to him that's far awaw.

By France, by Rome, likewise by Spain,
By all forsook but Duke Lorrain;
The next remove appears most plain
Will be to bring him back again.
Over the hills and far awaw,
Over the hills and far awaw;
The bonniest lad you ever saw
Is over the hills and far awaw.

He knew no harm, he knew no guilt,
No laws had broke, no blood had spilt;
If rogues his father did betray,
What's that to him that's far away?
Over the hills and far awaw,
Beyond these hills and far awaw;
The wind may change and fairly blaw,
And blaw him back that's blown awaw."

This song must have been written just seven years after Farquhar's death, which took place in 1707. R. W. H. NASH, B.A.

Florinda Place, Dublin. CURIOUS ANAGRAMS (5th S. vii. 26.)-Is not an historical blunder made here? The first cable was deposited by the Great Eastern, the Faraday being simply the first ship specially built for cablelaying purposes. I believe I am right in this statement, and in mentioning that the Hooper cable ship was constructed (also on the Tyne) shortly afterwards-some four years ago.

KINGSTON.

"THE BOOK-HUNTER" (5th S. vii. 134.)-I am glad that attention has at last been called to the fact that this delightful little work is virtually out of print. When a book published at five or six shillings can only be had at a guinea, and very seldom even at that, it is surely time for the author to promise another edition. Does not Dr. J. H. Burton know that people who have not read The Book-Hunter want to read it, and that people who have read it want (as I want) to buy it and read it again? With permission of " N. & Q." I appeal to him for a new edition, as excellent in type, and paper, and binding as the first was.

A. J. M.

"DISPEACE" (5th S. vii. 148.)—In an edition of Collins's Library Dictionary, 1871, which I possess, this word is given, and its meaning defined as "6 want of peace." It is not in Richardson's Dictionary nor in Johnson's edition of 1799. It does not strike me as being so unnecessary as MOTH seems to think. We have "quiet" and

"disquiet," why not "peace" and "dispeace"? The meaning of these two words is very analogous; and had the writer in the Times used "disquiet" instead of "dispeace," we should all have understood him, though the sense would not have been altered thereby. R. P. HAMPTON ROBERTS.

RICHBOROUGH CASTLE (5th S. vii. 129.)-MR. COLLIS will find, in C. R. Smith's Antiquities of Richborough, Reculver, and Lynme, an attempt of Mr. Rolfe, in 1843, to ascertain the nature and purpose of this structure, but he was not very successful. A cruciform excavation cut out of the solid rock was found near the village of Swinton, North Riding, Yorkshire, in 1868; a very similar structure, but formed on the natural ground, with a mound over it, was found at Helperthorpe, on the Wolds, in 1867. All these structures are supposed to be Roman. SAMUEL SHAW. Andover.

If MR. COLLIS will refer to the Archeologia Cantiana of the Kent Archæological Society, vol. viii., printed by Taylor & Co., Little Queen Street, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, 1872, he will find a most interesting account of the Roman castrum at Richborough, by G. Donker, Esq., F.G.S. FREDK. RULE.

"INFANTS IN HELL BUT A SPAN LONG (2nd S. xi. 289; 5th S. vi. 256, 316, 352; vii. 19.)-I have nowhere met with a more graphic statement of this revolting doctrine than the one contained in the following passage from a work by the Rev. David Swing, minister of the Fourth Presbyterian Church, Chicago. In Truths for To-Day, p. 319 (Chicago, 1874), he thus refers to the former teaching of the Puritans of the New England States:—

"Besides the formulas of its books, our (Presbyterian) Church has suffered more than pen can record from the these it has been my frequent duty to try to separate her wild utterances of some of its great names, and from fair and sweeter present. There were ages when mothers wailed in awful agony over a dead infant, because they had been taught that children not a span long' were suffering on the hot floor of hell, and each new-born infant was only a lump of perdition'; and, under the awful lashing of these thoughts, mothers used to baptize their dead-born little ones, piteously beseeching God to ante-date the sacred rite. In the midst of this wail of infants damned, Luther himself says, 'God pleaseth you when He crowns the unworthy; He ought not to displease you when He damns the innocent. H. BOWER.

"

GAMBADOES (5th S. vi. 189, 292, 418.)—In a recent catalogue of James Roche, 1, Southampton Row, Holborn (No. 3, 1876, p. 16), occurs the following entry :

"405.__ Gambado's (ie. Capt. Grose) Academy for Works, with upwards of thirty very humorous engravGrown Horsemen, also Annals of Horsemanship. Both ings from designs by Bunbury. 2 vols. roy. 4tɔ. bds., 35s. 1796."

If not already sold, these books might be worth buying by one of your correspondents who has been trying to ventilate the meaning of this word. At any rate its mention is worth noting, for reference can be made to the books in one of our large libraries, as that of the British Museum for instance. JOHN PICKFORD, M.A.

Newbourne Rectory, Woodbridge.

EMBLEM (5th S. vii. 149.)-In Kent, Emblem Sayer, present century; Imblim Petman, 1635; Imbloing Hunt, 1657. HARDRIC MORPHYN.

“HERB JOHN" (¿th S. vi. 328, 456, 479; vii. 57.)-Will the following epitaph from Heath's Clarastella (1650) throw any light on the subject?

"Epitaph on John Newter.

Reader! John Newter who erst plaid
The Jack on both sides, here is laid,
Who like th' herb John Indifferent
Was not for King or Parliament;
Yet fast and loose he could not play
With death, he took him at a Bay;
What side his soule hath taken now
God or Div'l? we hardly know:
But this is certain, since he dy'd,
Hee hath been mist of neither side."

captain who was wrecked in the neighbourhood.
At the foot of his grave was placed erect a
large bust of a female figure-the figure-head of
his vessel. It had a singular effect from a little
distance. As for inscriptions, I add one which I
saw lately to a soldier's memory in the cemetery
at Portland, Dorset :-
"Billeted here by death,

Quartered to remain,
When the last trumpet sounds
I'll rise and march again."

H. N.

of a mile west of Uppingham, there is on a tombAt Bisbrook, a little village about three-quarters stone in the churchyard the following epitaph :—

"Here lies the body of Nathaniel Clarke,

Who never did no harm in the light nor in the dark, But by his blessed horses having taken great delight, He often travelled by them by day and by night." Above is a waggon with a team of eight horses, with agricultural implements, such as the flail, the hoe, and various others, and I think the waggoner himself. E. T. MAXWELL WALKER. Chace Cottage, Enfield, Middlesex.

ANNE DONNE, THE MOTHER OF COWPER (5th S.

Boston, Lincolnshire.

R. R.

HALÉVY (5th S. vii. 117.)-This name of the French (or German) composer is traced by DR. CHARNOCK to the Teutonic Alwig. It may be interesting to learn that a Hungarian Jew, a friend of mine, who lived for a long time in Paris, has often told me that the proper name of his German-Jewish friend was H. A. Levy (I forget the meaning of the initials). Meierbeer is also, I believe, an artificial or designed combination of baptismal and surname, "Meier Beer."

ALEX. V. W. BIKKERS.

EMBLEMS ON TOMBSTONES (5th S. vii. 66, 125, 194.) That it is no unusual thing to put carved representations of a man's calling on his monument hundreds of cases testify, as regards persons of all professions. Our London Père la Chaise-par préférence-Kensal Green, gives many examples. I will name two or three-The tomb of Madame Soyer, the artist (which exhibits the identical pallets she used); that of Andrew Ducrow, on which are graven the plumed hat, the gauntlets, &c., it was his wont to wear in the ring at Astley's Amphitheatre; and that of Samuel Vagg, otherwise Collins, the Irish vocalist, over whose "In memoriam" is a representation of the shillelagh and Irishman's hat that added attraction (?) to his mimicry when singing.

W. PHILLIPS.

The church of Hartland, Devon, is near the rocky headland, Hartland Point, and in the graveyard I saw a stone to the memory of a

the poet Cowper's mother, was the son of William Donne, of Letheringsett, co. Norfolk, "descended pedigree, Coll. of Arms, printed in the Miscel from the family of the celebrated Dr. Donne lanea Geneal. et Heral., i. 330, New Series), who married Mary (Cooke ?), and died Nov. 20, 1684, aged thirty-nine. I have not been able to trace the family further back, and think that the relationship to know more of the above Mary Donne. The to Dr. Donne was only collateral. I should be glad Letheringsett, with his own, are given thus by arms impaled on her husband's gravestone at Blomefield (ix. 413), "On a chevron ingrailed, two lioncels rampant, between as many crescents." They are somewhat similar to a coat preserved in the east window of Ketteringham Church, Norfolk, which the late eminent antiquary, Joseph Hunter, was unable to identify, viz., "Sable, on a chevron ingrailed argent, between three crescents ermine, two lions passant affronté, gules" (Norfolk Archeology, vol. iii. p. 280). In Burke's Armory the following are given as the arms of Cooke (Norfolk), "Azure, on a chevron argent, betw. three cinquefoils ermine, two lions combatant, of the field, armed gules."

With regard to the other part of H. H.'s question, I can inform him that Catharine, wife of Roger Donne, was the daughter of Bruin Clench, by Catharine, daughter of William Hippesley, Esq., by Catharine, daughter of John Pellatt (son and heir of Sir John Pellatt of Bolney), by Anne, daughter of Thomas West, Lord Delawarr, by Anne, daughter of Sir Francis Knollys, K.G., by Catharine, daughter of William Carey, Esq., by