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Lisbon restored: A vifion. 6d. Reeve. An account of the European fettlements in America. 2 vols. 10s. DodЛley.

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A

The motto on the title-page of this book is, One thing is needful; and all along one leading point is kept in view, which the author calls the Jole requifite to juftification, or acceptance with God, in oppofition to thofe, who, while they openly avow only one meritorious cause of justification; do yet lead the guilty to feek after fome inward motions, feelings, or defires, as fome way requifite in order to acceptance with God. mong thefe he ranks Watts, Doddridge, Boston, Erfkines, Whitefield, and many others. By the fole requifite, he understands the work finished by Chrift in his death, proved by his refurrection to be all-fufficient to juftify the guilty.- He main tains, That the whole benefit of this event is conveyed to men only by the apostolic report concerning it: That every one who understands this report to be true, or is perfuaded that the event actually happened as teftified by the apoftles, is juftified, and finds relief to his guilty confcience: That he is relieved, not by finding any favourable fymptom about his own heart, but by finding their report to be true: That the event itfelt which is reported becomes his relief, fo foon as it stands true in his mind, and accordingly becomes his faith: That all the divine power which operates on the minds of men, either to give the first relief to their confciences, or to influence them in every part of their obedience to the golpel, is perfuafive power, or the forcible conviction of truth.In illustration of this, he maintains,

That man is happy or miferable according to what he knows, is confcious or perfuaded of, about the character of God and his law. we know nothing of God further than he is pleafed to make himself manifest in fome work or ap

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pearance. That juftice, with the greatest profufion of kindness in that channel, is our primary notion of the divine character. That this view of God is fufficient for the comfort of all who remain faithful in their obedience to him; and that, had not man departed from his duty, there would have been no need for any further difcovery of the divine character, nor any place found for fuch discovery. That our primary notion of the divine character can give no comfort to the guilty, but on the contrary must make them miferable by a fenfe of fear and shame That this is manifeft from the dread which all nations, more especially the molt untaught favages, have of fome invifible adverfe power. That we have no natural knowledge, nor can, by the utmoft exertion of our reafoning faculty, acquire any, fufficient to free our minds from this difquieting fear. That the most ingenious prefumptions of philofophers are, upon the trial, found equally infufficient in this refpect, as the most defpicable expiatory thifts of favages. That, however, it appears from the reasonings of the former, and the poor fhifts of the latter, that the confcience of man every where intimates the neceffity of a righteoufnefs, or fomething inftead of it, for keeping his mind eafy with regard to invifible power.

That no fubfequent discovery of God can ever ferve to invalidate our primary notion of his character; otherwise it could not appear to be a difcovery of the fame God: or, That no argument can be brought to fhew that God may be gra cious, fo as to forgive fin, without fhewing at the fame time how he may appear perfectly just in fo doing.

That all men are equally fit for juftification, or equally deftitute of any plea for acceptance with God That thofe called the ftricter fort, cannot, by their utmost affiduity in devotion, contribute any more to this end, than the most no'torious felons ready to fuffer for their crimes. That in this refpect none of mankind has the leaft room to glory over another. That man's impotency to do what is pleafing to God, lies in the averfion of his will; and that all men are as able to please God as they are willing.

That the fupernatural facts recorded in the writings of the apostles, open to view a further discovery of the divine character, than can be learned from any thing obfervable in the courfe of nature. That in the work finished by Christ on the cross, this new difcovery of the divine character was made. That thence it appeared, that God might be just in justifying the ungodly, or those who have nothing about them but what fits them for condemnation. That this is proved and demonftrated with evidence fufficient to counterbalance all objections, by the resurrection of Chrift from the dead.

That every one who is perfuaded of the fact of Chrifl's refurrection, as circumstanced in the gospel-history, (even while he finds nothing about himself in the way of with, defire, or otherwife, but what renders him obnoxious to the divine difpleature), knows how God may be just in justify

ing him, and receiving him into favour, prefently as he ftands; fo finds relief from the aforemen tioned difquieting fear; for which no remedy can be found by any argument drawn from any ap. pearance of God in the courfe of nature.

That the great mistake of the popular preachers, or the chief leaders in devotion, lies in this, that they cannot understand how God can appear to an unrighteous perfon just in justifying him as he prefently ftands, without his feeling fome motion or tendency in his will towards a change to the better, whether this motion be called fome faint defire to close with Chrift, to trust in him, to put forth an act of faith, or by any other name. That the whole doctrine of thefe preachers is devifed for producing, animating, and directing this motion, that fo the anxious hearer may find about himself some diftinguishing reaton why the Deity may regard him more than others. That the great ufe they have for Chrift, his grace and fpirit, is to affift men in acquiring fome fuch requifite to juftification. That accordingly, by the name Jesus Christ, by the words, grace, spirit, faith, &c. they mean quite different things from what the apoftles understood by them. That they fubftitute heart-work, or acts of faith, inftead of the Jewish works of the law. That, in general, they differ from the Jewish teachers rather in words than in things.

That, in effect, they make their acts of faith to stand, not only for the ground of acceptance with God, but alfo for the evidence and proof of one's being in favour with God. That, accordingly, they fhew their difaffection, not only to the justifying work of Chrift, but also to the works of felf-denied obedience, wherein his peo ple are called to be conformed to him, as the proof of their being his disciples indeed. That the appropriation contended for in the popular doctrine, is disagreeable to the scripture, and productive of the worst confequences. That no man can warrantably be affured that he is a Chriftian, a believer in Chrift, or an object of the peculiar favour of God, any other way than by being affured on good grounds, that his practice, in obedience to the peculiar precepts of Christianity, is influenced by the love of that fame truth which influenced the lives of the apoftles.

Our author maintains also, That Christianity is the only religion that is not political. That it never was nor can be the established religion in any nation in this world, without becoming the reverse of what it was when first instituted. That the common expectation of fome general converfion of Jews and Gentiles, is without foundation in fcripture. That the common ufe of the word mystery, is very different from the sense in which it is ufed in the New Teftament. That the apostolic account of charity differs greatly from what is commonly understood by that word, That we have no reason to complain of the prefent times as worse than the former; and no ground to expect better in this mortal state. That there is a great connection betwixt the honour of the clergy, and mistakes about the Chriftian religion.

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POLITICS Speech in the debate on the motion for leave to bring in a bill for the encouragement of feamen, by L. Halienus 225. Extracts of W. THOMPSON's account of corrupt practices in victualling the navy 228. A political ANECDOTE, Gent. Mag. March 232. Some account of the MARINE SOCIETY 232. METEOROLOGICAL journals 237.. POETRY Love's artifice 238. Epitaph, defigned for its author ib. Epigram, on a late tranfaction ib. and on the King of Pruffia's being put under the ban of the empire ib. HISTORY 239.- 274 Bohemia entered by the Pruffians in three places at once 239. An account of an action at Reichenberg, by the Pruffians 240. by the Auftrians ib. Accounts of a general engagement near Prague, by the Pruffians 241. by the Auftrians 243. Prague befieged 244. A declaration by the King of G. Britain, as Elector of Hanover ib Proceedings relative to the Antigallican's prize 246. Damien's fentence and execution 249. Affairs in North America 250. Disasters at Bengal 252, 3. Lifts of killed, &c. 254.

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-Acts paffed 255. Two royal meffages ib. Compliments to Meff. Pitt and Legge 256, 9.

The Scots thanked for their activity in raifing the new levies 258. The carrying of meal out of certain fhires prohibited 259.

Proceedings of the general affembly, &c. Commiffions not attested in terms of the act 9. 1722 received 261. A diffent from this judg ment ib. The reafons 234. Of discontinuing the Saturday and Monday fermons in the fynod of Argyle 262. and the Friday fellowshipmeetings in that of Sutherland and Caithness 263. Determination of the profecution against Mr Carlyle for going to the playhouse 264. Overtures relating to the flage and to fimoniacal practices ib. A comparison between the calculations on which the scheme for a provifion to minifters widows, &c. proceeded, and the facts as they have come out ib. Settlements 265. The affair of Prof. Brown of St Andrew's 266. Mr Grier of Durifdeer depofed 273. Mr Home of Athelstonford refigns 274.

LISTS, TABLES, &C. 274.- 280.

Proceedings of the POLITICAL CLUB, continued from p. 185.

The debate on the motion for a bill for the
encouragement of feamen concluded.
The Speech of L. Halienus, the last pu-
blifhed of this debate.
Mr Prefident,

I

Was very much furprised to hear the Hon. and learned gentleman fo much as fuggeft, that the bill now propofed contains any thing like a declaration of war, after having heard from almoft every gentleman who has fpoke in its favour, that the bill is not to be of any force unless a war be actually declared. Our paffing fuch a VOL. XIX.

bill will therefore be fo far from being a fort of declaration of war, that it will all Europe as a proof, of our being rebe a proof, and must be looked on by

folved not to enter into a war, unless forced to it by the injuftice and obftinacy of the court of France. Such a bill cannot be confidered by any court in Europe, no not even by the court of France itfelf, but only as a method of preparing for war: and if any fuch method could be called a declaration of war, furely our voting 50,000 men for the fea-fervice, as we did but a few days fince, ought much rather to be

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confidered

confidered as a declaration of war. any fuch apprehenfion. And with reSuch a bill as this now propofed is real- gard to the reftitution of the ships and ly a neceffary confequence of that refo- cargoes which we have taken, or fhall lution; and must be agreed to, other take before a declaration of war, the wife that refolution will, to the whole bill propofed, if paffed into a law, could world, appear to be ridiculous; for what not any way affect that restitution; as fignifies voting fuch a number of feamen, neither hip nor cargo is to be appropriaunless we take the moft proper method ted to the captors, until after a declara for raifing them? I mult beg that gen- tion of war; and after our having passed tlemen will have fome little regard to this bill, the French can have no better the character, the honour and dignity title to that reftitution than they have at of this auguft affembly, by confidering prefent: for fuppofing the fhips to have what the people without doors will been taken by way of reprifal, or fupthink of our one day voting 50,000 men pofing they have been taken as a pledge for the fea-fervice, and the next day re- for the damage they have done us, and jecting that which has, by experience, the expence they have put us to, they been found to be the most effectual me- can in no cafe have any pretence to dethod for raising them, as well as the mand reftitution, without offering to most agreeable to the conftitution of our make good all that damage and ex government. pence; and this, I am convinced, does already amount to more than the value of all the ships we have taken, or may take before a declaration of war. They will make this demand, if they find that our minifters are so pufillanimous as to dread coming to an open war. But in no cafe will they demand reftitution of the fhips and cargoes themfelves; nor could we make it if they fhould, even though this motion were rejected; becaufe many of the cargoes, and perhaps fome of the fhips, are already become rotten by lying in our harbours. And this makes me think, that a war, which fome gentlemen seem now to be so much afraid of, is already become inevitable: for the French court will, I believe, infift peremptorily upon being paid the value of all the fhips and cargoes we have taken, without any allowance for our damage or expence; and this, I believe, no British minifter will venture to advise his Majefty to agree to; nor will a British parliament grant the money for fuch a purpose, as long as we have a fhip that dare swim the ocean.

Whoever does this, Sir, will, I am fure, readily concur in ordering this bill to be brought in; and I am equally fure, that no man, either abroad or at home, who understands any thing of the punctilio of honour, can think, that the honour of France will be more deeply engaged by our paffing fuch a bill as this, than it has been by our feizing their fhips, and imprisoning their feamen. Whether they fill continue to amufe us with a negotiation, as they have done for feveral years paft, is what I know nothing of; but if they do, and are now at laft become fincere, I am fure, our paffing fuch a bill as this can give them no occafion to think themselves bound in honour to break it off; and if they ftill defign nothing but amufement, the fooner they break it off, the better for us. We ought ourfelves to break it off; for after negotiating, and tamely fuf. fering their incroachments and infults for fo many years, no court in Europe could find fault with us, fhould we now fend our ultimatum to the court of France, and demand a pofitive and categorical anfwer in a month or fix weeks time. With regard to the first difadvantage, therefore, which the Hon. and learned gentleman fuppofed our agreeing to this motion would be attended with, it is evident, I think, Sir, that there is not the least foundation for our being under

This confideration, Sir, fhould make us the lefs concerned about what may be the confequences of our paffing fuch a bill as is now propofed; for as war is, in my opinion, become inevitable, we fhould neglect nothing that may in the leaft tend to enable us to profecute it

with vigour, that we may, as I truft in God we fhall, end it with glory. That the bill now propofed will have fuch a tendency, is not to be doubted: nay, this has in fome degree been allowed by every gentleman that has fpoke againft it: it will not only induce fome, I think many feamen, to enter into his Majefty's fervice, but it will revive the fpirits of all thofe that are in his fervice. I fay, revive, Sir; for their fpirits have been very much flattened by obferving fo many prizes brought in, and no ftep taken towards giving them, or any thing in lieu of them, to the captors, This they expected; this they had reafon to expect; and their difappointment operates the more ftrongly, as they fuspect, that this new method of commen. cing and carrying on a war, has been refolved on, with a defign to deprive them of the advantage they would by exprefs law have had a right to, had the war been commenced in the ufual open and generous manner.

houfe had agreed to the refolution of our committee of fupply, for employing 50,000 men in the fea fervice for the enfuing year: and if they have been ignorant or negligent of their duty to their King and country, it can be no reason against the defect being fupplied by any member of this houfe, who is fo lucky as to foresee what will be fo necessary for the public fervice.

Thus, Sir, it must appear, that no difadvantage can attend our bringing in and paffing fuch a bill, that a very great advantage will probably refult even from its being ordered to be brought in, and that it is become abfolutely neceffary to bring it in as foon as poffible, in order to enable us to prepare for a war, which the conduct of our ministers has already made inevitable. Nothing therefore can, I think, prevent this motion's be ing agreed to, but a fawning complaifance for the court of France, taken up by fome amongst us, after perceiving that the hectoring countenance they lately put on is not like to produce the effect they expected. But fuppofing that we still had fome ground to hope for an amicable end to the disputes now fub. fifting between France and us, and that it would be improper, while fuch hopes are depending, to have fuch a bill paffed into a law; even this can be no argument against our ordering fuch a bill to be brought in; because it is allowed, on all hands, that in two or three months every hope of this kind must be abfolutely determined; and though the bill were now ordered to be brought in, it will be two or three months before it can be paffed into a law, as the act now in be ing, relating to the difpofal of prizes, ftands in need of many amendments, efpecially with regard to agents, who during the laft war were too apt to convert to their own ufe, or to detain in their own hands, that property which If fhould have been immediately after their receiving it diftributed among our brave feamen.

Our brave feamen, Sir, are too loyal to impute any disappointment, or any oppreffion they meet with, to their fovereign. That the King can do no wrong, is a maxim rivetted in their breafts, not by churchmen or lawyers, but by early education, and the continual practice of loyalty; therefore we have no occafion to apprehend that this motion, or our paffing fuch a bill as this, can alienate the affections of any one feaman from his Majefty. It may indeed give them caufe to think, that we in this houfe are better and more faith. ful counsellors to our fovereign than any of his minifters; and I hope, that not only all our feamen, but all our foldiers, will for ever think fo. Therefore, Sir, I am fo far from being forry at this motion's having been now made, that I am glad it has been made without fo much as a hint from any of those who call them felves the fervants of the crown. they had been wife and vigilant fervants, fuch a bill as this would have been mo. ved by them, and paffed by this houfe, before the end of laft feffion; or at leaft fuch a motion as this would have been made last week by them, as foon as the

Therefore, Sir, if the bill fhould be now ordered to be brought in, and a peace fhould enfue before its being paff ed into a law, we may then drop the

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