SPECIAL COLLECTIONS OF BOOKS (5th S. vi. 483, 544; vii. 40, 153, 294.)-MR. WALFORD does not enumerate insurance against robbers and burglars, of which I have in my collection of prospectuses one, towards the close of the last century, of a society for insuring against such risks. HYDE CLARKE. PROVINCIAL FAIRS (5th S. vi. 108, 214, 278, 353; vii. 99.)—The following provincial fairs, in which a procession forms part of the opening ceremony, should be added to those already mentioned. Coventry Show fair (Warwickshire). The last procession of Lady Godiva took place on Monday, June 20, 1870, and has not since been repeated. Peterborough Bridge October fair (Northamptonshire) is, I believe, still opened by proclamation, and a procession takes place every year on Oct. 2. Perhaps some of the local readers of "N. & Q." may be able to give some particulars respecting the origin and history of this ancient fair. Shrewsbury Show (Salop) has a very ancient procession, originating in the great religious festival of Corpus Christi. At Lichfield (Staff.) there is a festival called Greenhill Bower, in which a procession forms the principal feature in this pleasure fair. Stourbridge, or Sturbich, fair (Camb.) is still held by proclamation, and in the year 1805, I find, lasted a fortnight. G. O. The fair at Lichfield, held on Shrove Tuesday, is proclaimed by the Mayor and Corporation in the market place in much the same manner as the Walsall ceremony described at the second of the above references. HIRONDELLE. ARMS, BUT NO CREST (5th S. vii. 28, 170), were common enough among the old French nobility. I know of several Huguenot families whose old seals show not only no crest, but no motto. I have heard it mentioned by the descendant of an old Refugee family that the Huguenots on their arrival in England all chose religious mottoes. His own motto was "Nisi Dominus frustra," our own is "In misericordiâ Dei confido." Can any one bear out this latter statement? HUGUENOT. Poona. DOES BLUSHING EVER TAKE PLACE IN THE DARK (5th S. vii. 145, 295.)—HERMENTRUDE has given, of course, the right answer to the question. There can be nothing to prevent blushing from taking place in the dark. It proceeds from a sense of shame which stops the heart's action for a second, and thrusts the blood to the surface of the skin all over the body, but is most apparent in the cheeks, because there the skin is thinner, and the vascular system more active and elaborate. When alone, sensitive people will blush at a thought passing through the mind, but no doubt one of the great incentives to blush is the eye of another fixed upon one. This is absent in the dark; but as in the case of shame it is only the secondary cause of blushing, the primary cause would secure the effect without it. In darkness the secondary cause is always absent, but undoubtedly the effect takes place just the same, for the reason assigned. I have no doubt that many would blush in daylight, and in the presence of others, who would not blush in the dark at all, because with such it is not the thing done, but the being found out, C. A. WARD. that touches them. Mayfair. THE DIVISIONS OF AN ORANGE (5th S. vi. 513; vii. 134, 297.)-Sir Walter Scott calls the divisions of an orange "cloves" in the following passage : "They marched before Colonel Everard and his party, keeping as close to each other as two cloves of the same orange."- Woodstock, chap. x. JOHN CHURCHILL SIKES. Chigwell. THE SIMILE: MILTON (5th S. vii. 186, 296.) — This comparison was common enough, and, one would think, would suggest itself naturally. Drayton had written years before : "In ev'rything she must be monsterous; Her piccadil above her crown up-bears; Her fardingale is set above her ears, Which like a broad sail with the wind doth swell, To drive this fair hulk headlong into hell." Moon-Calf (Drayton's Works, 1748, p. 174). A little later Benlowe wrote : "Scarce is the Toy at Noon to th' Girdle drest; Nine Pedlars need each morn be prest To lanch her forth: A ship as soon is rigg'd to th' West." Benlowe's Theophila, p. 200. Much earlier Stubbs had written : "Thei haue great & monsterous Ruffs...so that thei stande a full quarter of a yarde (and more) from their necks, hanging ouer their shoulder points in steade of a vaile. But if Eolus with his blasts, or Neptune with his stormes, chaunce to hit vpon the crasie barke of their brused Ruffes, then thei goeth flip flap in the winde."Stubbes's Anatomie of Abuses (Aug., 1583), f. 22, verso. "Rigged out" is now a very common term for a gaily dressed woman. R. R. Boston, Lincolnshire. ENGRAVINGS PASTED ON WALLS (5th S. vii. 226, 274, 354.)—Have A. and P. P. noticed the following passage in Goldsmith's Description of an Author's Bedchamber?— "The humid wall with paltry pictures spread; And brave Prince William show'd his lamp-black face." 66 with all their Bibles, which they did as long, I suppose, as the term of the patent lasted. This information is from a manuscript in my possession, written by John Speed, M.D., who died in 1781. He was the great-great-grandson of the chronologer. J. SPEED D. Day sat to Sir Joshua Reynolds January, 1757, ANNE FRANKS, OR DAY (5th S. vii. 350.)—Miss This seems to indicate-1, that the pictures and January, 1760. She married Sir Peter Fenwere attached to the wall; 2, that listing was houlet, Exon of the Guard, who was knighted at sometimes used to frame them. Any student of the coronation of George III. The picture is that Hogarth's and other designs of the period in ques-face half in shadow, a nosegay in her bosom, her of a pretty woman, in a flat Woffington hat, the tion will remember numerous instances of pictures or engravings pasted, as well as pinned or tacked, on walls of rooms. The practice survives on screens. F. G. S. CURIOUS BURIAL CUSTOM OF THE DYOTT FAMILY (5th S. vii. 246, 392.)—The origin of, and reason for, this custom can, as far as I see, be traced to nothing beyond whim or eccentricity. I can cap the case of your correspondent's ancestor with that of an ancestor and namesake of my own. Writing several years ago to the then rector of Boldon, Durham, for some statistics which I desired relative to a predecessor of his in the living, Dr. Edmund Tew, some time Fellow of Jesus College, Cambridge, among other things he informed me that as he learned from an old parishioner" Dr. Tew always went to bed at ten o'clock, and he was buried at ten o'clock at night in the chancel, a walking funeral-six poor men bore the coffin, and four poor boys carried torches." May not, therefore, this "custom of the Dyott family" have its "origin" in a desire similar to that which seems to have influenced my worthy namesake-to be buried at the same time he went EDMUND TEW, M.A. to bed? HENRY R. ADDISON (5th S. vii. 249, 318.)-The Sentinel; or, Louise d'Eperon, was written at Bruges, about the year 1834, for amateur theatricals. I believe it never was printed or acted in this country. Colonel Addison can hardly be called a musical composer, although a well-known song writer, in conjunction with Alexander Lee, George Barker, Knight, and others. He wrote some sixty dramas and farces for the London stage, and was a frequent contributor to Bentley, Tait, Fraser, &c. For an account of his literary industry I would refer R. G. to the Era of July 2 last, and the Court Journal and Illustrated News of July 8. A. OLD PRAYER BOOK (5th S. vii. 364.)-The Table of Scripture Genealogies was by John Speed, the chronologer, and it was so well approved of that he had a patent for the sale of it. The Stationers' Company were obliged to bind it up hands in a muff. Engraved by McArdell, size 10 in. by 9 in.; and, as "Miss Day," by R. Purcell, size 12 in. by 9 in. Dr. Hamilton, in his Catalogue Raisonné of the Engraved Portraits after Sir Joshua Reynolds, says that the picture was in the possession of the late Thomas Baring. Z. L. Z. attention to the modern pronunciation of this "CHIVALRY" (5th S. vii. 306.)—S. T. P. calls word; and I would supplement his note by mentioning the name of one notable and distinguished dissentient from this modern pronunciation—the present Dean of Westminster. I particularly noticed the pronunciation-if I remember correctly, during the delivery of the Dean's eloquent funeral sermon on the late Charles Kingsley. R. P. HAMPTON ROBERTS. Mr. T. Talbot Bury's Styles of Architecture, a two- ARCHITECTURAL MANUAL (5th S. vii. 320.)— THE TIME OF TAKING MEALS BY OUR ANCESTORS (5th S. vii. 349, 413.)-Amhurst thus describes an Oxford fop in 1721:— "He is a smart of the first rank, and he is one of those who come in their academical undress every morning between ten and eleven to Lyne's coffee-house, after which he takes a turn or two upon the Park, or under Merton Wall, whilst the dull regulars are at dinner in their hall according to statute. About one he dines alone in his chamber upon a boiled chicken, or some pettitoes, after which he allows himself an hour at least to dress whence he adjourns to Hamilton's about five."-Terre in, to make his afternoon appearance at Lyne's, from Filius, June 22, 1721. U.U. Club. H. B. C. "DIARY OF A LATE PHYSICIAN" (5th S. vii. 367.)-JABEZ is mistaken in speaking of the author of Ten Thousand a Year as "the late Mr. Samuel Warren." As lately as the 25th of last April I had the pleasure of seeing and hearing the vener- Litchfield Street, Gateshead. YORKSHIRE FOR To PLAY" (5th S. vii. 166, 258.)-Our "lark," "larking" (coarse merrymaking), supposed to be modern slang, are the old word mispronounced, as pointed out by Dr. Nash (deriving from it a formerly used name for a courtesan) in a note to the same size and form, and the title-page is ornamented with a vignette, representing Strawberry Hill half enclosed by a tree, from one of the branches of which depends a lozenge-shaped shield of arms, and at the bottom of the vignette a ribbon, JEWISH NAMES (5th S. vi. 490; vii. 53, 117.)—with the motto, "Fari quæ sentiat." The volume DR. CHARNOCK is a little imaginative. Halévy is also contains poems by Whitehead, Gilbert West, not "a gallicism of Alwig (like Hervé for Herwig)," T. Brecknock, Esq., odes by Mr. Mason, Churchill, because it is simply the article prefixed, and sig- and others. ENILORAC. nifies "The Levite." Clovis is not used as a Jew's name here, nor is Lewis "corrupted from Ludovicus, the Latinized form of Ludwig." It is only a convenient form of Levi used by the Jews to look like English. Lawson is not 66 a probable corruption of Lawrenson," for the plain reason that it is used by Jews of the name and tribe of Levy. "Low," &c., he says, "are from the Saxon." That has nothing to do with the matter. They are names adopted by Levites. DR. CHARNOCK does not appear to understand the bases of my query. I gave forms used by the Jews in Western Europe of surnames for descendants of Aaron, "Cohen," and of the tribe of "Levy." No one suggested, what DR. CHARNOCK doubts, that "the names given are necessarily Jewish names.' The essence of the matter is that Jews in Holland, England, Germany, France, Italy, and Spain use forms of ", which are common names in those countries, as Leeuw, Lyon, Löwe, Léon, Leone. PHILO-JUDEUS. In further elucidation of the subject at these references, the Standard of Dec. 28, 1876, says:— "THE NAMES MORDECAI AND MARKS.-The Rev. J. Simon writes that while he does not dispute the derivation of Mordecai from a Persian root, his original statement only set forth a practice common among the Jews. The man now under sentence of death, when abroad, went by two Hebrew names, Isaac Mordecai, besides the family name Pocrousky. In England he dropped the family name, and called himself Isaac Marks. Mr. Simon knows a great many who substitute Marks for Mordecai. Those who do this come chiefly from the borders of Germany. The Germans render Mordecai by Marcus, and in English from the latter form the u is dropped. In the Hebrew translation of the New Testament St. Mark is substituted by Markus." R. & THE FIRST PUBLICATION OF GRAY'S "ELEGY" (5th S. vii. 142, 252.)—In a poetical miscellany, 1751-1762, in the writer's possession, at one time the property of Joseph Smith, whose book-plate it contains, there is a copy of the "Elegy written in a Country Churchyard. The Third Edition. London, printed for R. Dodsley, in Pall Mall, and sold by M. Cooper, in Paternoster Row. 1751. Price Sixpence." This copy is printed in pamphlet form, quarto size, and has not the author's name, but is accompanied by a note from the editor. In the same volume are two other "Odes, by Mr. Gray, printed at Strawberry Hill for R. and J. Dodsley, in Pall Mall, MDCCLVII." These are of "The difference marriage makes 'Twixt wives and ladies of the lakes." Butler, Hudibras, iii. i. 867. VINCENT S. LEAN. Windham Club. "AWAITS" (5th S. vii. 166, 274.)--The word is "await" in all versions that I have seen. Poets do not always use words in their primary sense, and I understand the word in question to mean "come to" or "arrive at." All things alike are destined to die. If Gray wrote " awaits," he probably regarded the second line of the stanza as a parenthetical one, as though the whole verse were printed thus: "The boast of heraldry, the pomp of power,And all that beauty, all that wealth e'er gave,Awaits alike," &c. Miscellaneous. NOTES ON BOOKS, &c. J. W. W. Bacon and Esser: a Sketch of Bacon's Earlier Life. By Edwin A. Abbot, D.D. (Editor of Bacon's Essays). (Seeley, Jackson & Halliday.) IN consideration of our narrow limits the best course_to be taken in justice to such an important book as Dr. Abbot's is to state, in a condensed form, his object in writing it. 1st. That Essex (though a traitor) was not the deliberate and hypocritical traitor represented by Bacon. 2nd. That Bacon's Declaration of the Treasons of Essex is in most part, as Clarendon described it, "a pestilent libel." 3rd. That Bacon is "a man whose character still awaits a careful, consistent, and impartial analysis." Dr. Abbot's work is a valuable contribution towards that future analysis. It contains some letters never before printed, and it leaves its readers in the converdict by a powerful pleader, but who are still perplexed dition of an intelligent jury who are helped towards a as to the verdict they should deliver. The Authorship of the "De Imitatione Christi." With many Interesting Particulars about the Book. By Samuel Kettlewell, M.A. (late Vicar of St. Mark's, THE old and interesting controversy is here renewed, or his judgment, which is in favour of Thomas à Kempis. There is something marvellous in the fact that nearly three dozen chapters and nearly five hundred pages could be written on such a question without the reader's interest now and then failing; but Mr. Kettlewell has that rare ability by which, maintaining his own interest, he increases that of his readers in the subject. The Imitation was of old a popular book in England. May it ever remain so. Its spirit, indeed, renders it applicable to the members of every church in the world. The History of the County of Monaghan. By Evelyn Philip Shirley, Esq., F.S. A. (Basil Montagu Pickering.) THERE is no county history more important and interesting than that of Ireland; no county, the history of which -general, baronial, ecclesiastical, and parochial-is better worth writing than that of Monaghan; and, it may be added, which could have found an abler or more impartial historian to write it than Mr. Evelyn Shirley. This first part (a fine folio) is complete in itself, from the earliest times down to 1688. Two others will follow. When the whole work is completed we will speak of it at greater length. Meanwhile the first part furnishes many a striking illustration of old Irish life. For instance: "A.D. 1168.Donough O'Carroll, Lord of Oriel, the flood (sic) of the nobility and dignity of the North of Ireland, died of a wound from a hatchet inflicted on him by one of his own people. He lived, however, to receive extreme unction ......and bequeathed three hundred ounces of gold to clergymen and churches." THE Oxford University Press has sent forth a Holy Bible, in various sizes, which has the following important additions to the text:-notes, analytical, chronological, historical, and biographical; a Biblical index, Cruden's Concordance, a Dictionary of Scripture Proper Names, and maps. For teachers and students the Oxford reference Bibles are very great aids towards the attainment of knowledge and the power to impart it. Brief Annals of the Bicester Poor Law Union and its Component Parishes, in the Counties of Oxford and Buckingham, Part I., by a Local Secretary (Bicester, G. Hewiett), has a special interest for those living in the counties referred to; it may be called a county history on a small scale. "THE SEVEN CHURCHES OF ASIA.-A letter received by the Western Morning News from the island of Patmos states that a successful tour has just been completed in the districts in the interior of Asia Minor by Dr. Phene, the antiquary, who has also been engaged in a careful examination of all the excavations and discoveries made by Dr. Schliemann in Greece and Troy. The journey to those of the seven churches not accessible by railroad or any main route is most arduous, and attended with a good deal of risk from fever and even robbers. No Englishman now living has visited all seven churches as well as the time-honoured island of Patmos. Dr. Phene had a special object, that of examining the prehistoric monuments in the district of those churches, some of which are referred to by Homer and some by Herodotus; and it is remarkable that some of them are similar to the hill sculptures of which there are examples at Cerne Abbas, in Dorsetshire, and another in Sussex. The inspection of the valuable ancient manuscripts in the monastery at Patmos was requested for Dr. Phene by the Archbishop of Smyrna; and the difficult visit to that island-Dr. Phene having to charter a vessel at his own cost was most successfully accomplished. The result of these investigations will be communicated to the British Association at Plymouth in August next."Pall Mall Gazette. THE members of the Oxford Architectural and Historical Society, under the conduct of the Dean of Westminster and the Master of the Temple, will visit Westminster Abbey and the Temple Church next Tuesday. It is intended also to explore Lambeth Palace and St. Bartholomew's, Smithfield. Old members of the society wishing to join the party in London should communicate with the junior secretary, Mr. F. S. Pulling, Exeter College, Oxford. AT a recent sale at Messrs. Christie, Manson & Woods the Portland or Barberini Vase, in Wedgwood ware, No. 5 of the first fifty copies subscribed for, the reliefs in white on pale blue ground, sold for 2731. Culture of the Ancient Greeks, the Long Series of Agents MADAME SCHLIEMANN will read a paper "On the High which contributed to it, and the Reason of its Decay," at a special meeting of the Royal Archæological Institute on June 8, at 5 P.M. "THE FIRST VACCINATOR.-In the old churchyard of Worth, Dorsetshire, is a tomb with the following inscription :- Benjamin Jesty, of Downshay, died April 16, 1816, aged seventy-nine. He was born at Yetminster in this county, and was an upright, honest man, particularly noted for having been the first person known that introduced the cow-pox by inoculation, and who, for his great strength of mind, made the experiment from the cow on his wife and two sons in the year 1774.'”— Medical Times and Gazette. Notices to Correspondents. ON all communications should be written the name and address of the sender, not necessarily for publication, but as a guarantee of good faith. FIDELIS ET FIRMUS.-The value of the engraving would partly depend on its condition. The painter, H. Thompson (1773-1843), was a very popular artist; and Say, the engraver, was a man of rare ability (1768-1834). Between fifty and sixty years ago Say produced the first mezzotint which had been successfully produced on steel. ED. WOLFERSTAN.-It is one of Thackeray's "heartiest" poetical pieces. It used to be sung with great effect by Horace Mayhew. R. HEMMING.-Several translations of Caballero's works have been published. The publishers' names can be ascertained at any bookseller's. N. P.-The doorway of the Grosvenor Gallery in Bond Street is from the church of Santa Lucia at Venice. It is an actual work of Palladio. W. RENDLE ("Like to the damask rose," &c.) should refer to " N. & Q.,” 5th S. ii. 227, 296, 336, 373; iii. 99, 291, 349, 377. L. G.-The Bishop of Truro signs his letters "E. W. Truron." O. B. (Dahlby, Sweden.)-Your name has been mislaid. We have a letter to forward to you. SILURIAN ("Rodneys.")-See ante, p. 254. J. L. WARREN.-" Lay-holds." LONDON, SATURDAY, JUNE 9, 1877. CONTENTS.- N° 180. John Hereford (fo. 16, Wattis, 1468-79). NOTES:-Wills of Bishops and Capitular Members of Cathedral REPLIES:-Stone's Sermon at St. Paul's, 1661-W. Hodgson, as a Pre Heraldic-"Manchester Al Mondo"- Ulster Words "Præstat nulla." &c.-An Ulster Perversion-The King's Cock Crower-Early Notice of Fossil Bones-The Rhodian, 456-"Hitch"-Merchant Taylors' School-Who was Angeston?-Scottish Ecclesiastical Titles-Lapis Lyncurius-Burial Custom in Notts, 457-Charles Stuart-Bibliography of Utopias-Thomas Cogan-"Estridges "Hatcher: Hill — Shelley's "Scenes from Calderon "-New Year's Eve: Easter Eve, 458-A Society for the Publication of Church RegistersWilliam Hogarth-Rushbearings-An Invocation to Lindley Murray-Authors Wanted, 459. Notes. WILLS OF BISHOPS AND CAPITULAR MEM- I have lately derived so much information on hitherto doubtful points in the history of the cathedral to which I have the honour to belong from the wills at Lambeth and Somerset House, that for the assistance of others who are engaged in similar researches, I give a tentative list of those relating to English cathedrals before the Reformation. These are only samples of the rich harvest which may be gleaned or gathered in from other wills, which throw considerable collateral light upon all subjects relating to the several churches; but these must be specially sought out by patient eyes and individual labour, carried over years, in this hitherto neglected but productive field. I omit some to which the indefatigable Browne Willis drew attention. ecclesiastical history of London churches alone must some day be rewritten. SOMERSET HOUSE. Alexander S. Asaph (fo. 3, Rouse, 1381-1401). Thomas Exeter (fo. 4, ib.). Edward Llandaff (fo. 2, ib.). Henry Worcester (fo. 3, ib.). The John Tibbage, arch. Hunts (fo. 23, Marche, 1401-23). Reginald Cov. and Lichf. (fo. 16, Stockton, 1449-58). Thomas Bath and Wells (fo. 7, Godyn, 1458-68). Lichfield and Coventry.-Bp. Heyworth (Stafford). Bp. Alnwick, 1449 (Stafford, 178 b). Ashby, archd. Northampton (Whittlesey, 119 b). Sarum.-Bp. Chaundler (Chichele). Stopyndon, archdeacon (Stafford). Thos. Southam, archd. Berks (Arundel). Bp. Bubwith (Chichele, 225 a). W. Stevens, precentor (Stafford, 123 b). Medford, dean (Chichele). Exeter.-Bp. Grandison (Whittlesey, 103 b). Lerchdeckne, canon (Chichele). Gibbes, canon (Arundel). |
