...that limited the number of hours women were allowed to work. The Courts reasoning was that "women's physical structure and the performance of maternal functions place her at a disadvantage" and that "this difference justifies a difference in legislation and upholds that which is designed...

...that it had consistently disallowed for men. A woman's "physical structure and the performance of her maternal functions place her at a disadvantage in the struggle for subsistence," rendering her a poor champion of her own liberty. These natural weaknesses along with the disadvantages...

...household services necessary to sustain family life." See also Mueller v. Oregon, 208 US 412, 421-2 (1908): "That woman's physical structure and the performance...true when the burdens of motherhood are upon her. . . . [CJontínuance for a long time on her feet at work, repeating this from day to day, tends to...

...powerless to change. Writing on behalf of a unanimous Court, Justice Brewer stated from the outset: (30) That woman's physical structure and the performance...disadvantage in the struggle for subsistence is obvious (Text 2). In this 'factual' pronouncement, the image of the physical weakness of woman and the naturalization...

...for excerpts of Bradwellv. Illinois (1873), Radicev. New York (1924), and Goesaert v. Cleary (1948). That woman's physical structure and the performance...especially true when the burdens of motherhood are upon her [A] s healthy mothers are essential to vigorous offspring, the physical well-being of woman becomes...

...working more than ten hours during any one day in "any mechanical establishment, or factory, or laundry": That woman's physical structure and the performance...disadvantage in the struggle for subsistence is obvious [H]istory discloses the fact that woman has always been dependent upon man. He established his control...

...more than ten hours during any one day in "any mechanical establishment, or factory, or laundry": Thai woman's physical structure and the performance of...disadvantage in the struggle for subsistence is obvious. . . . [Hjistory discloses the fact that woman has always been dependent upon man. He established his...

...limited the number of hours women could work and other conditions of female employment: "That women's physical structure and the performance of maternal...true when the burdens of motherhood are upon her. [Yet since] healthy mothers are essential to vigorous offspring the physical well-being of woman becomes...

...and that in its application of that provision in Muller v. Oregon, the Court had properly "recognized that 'woman's physical structure and the performance...at a disadvantage in the struggle for subsistence' " (Congressional Record, July 18, 1946, S9293). Preserving this view on the part of the Court was "especially...

...authority of the state to limit the working hours of women was sustained. We emphasized the consideration that 'woman's physical structure and the performance...at a disadvantage in the struggle for subsistence' and that her physical well being 'becomes an object of public interest and care in order to preserve...